• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.10.1-10.16
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• 2023

Memory T (Tm) cells protect against Ags that they have previously contacted with a fast and robust response. Therefore, developing long-lived Tm cells is a prime goal for many vaccines and therapies to treat human diseases. The remarkable characteristics of Tm cells have led scientists and clinicians to devise methods to make Tm cells more useful. Recently, Tm cells have been highlighted for their role in coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines during the ongoing global pandemic. The importance of Tm cells in cancer has been emerging. However, the precise characteristics and functions of Tm cells in these diseases are not completely understood. In this review, we summarize the known characteristics of Tm cells and their implications in the development of vaccines and immunotherapies for human diseases. In addition, we propose to exploit the beneficial characteristics of Tm cells to develop strategies for effective vaccines and overcome the obstacles of immunotherapy.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.724-728
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• 2005

Electro-optic characteristics of reflective hybrid aligned liquid crystal (LC) cell driven by fringe field using a nematic LC with positive dielectric anisotropy have been studied. Optimized optical configurations are achieved by using a single polarizer, half-wave film and a cell with quarter-wave retardation. The simulation results shows an optimum cell retardation of $0.30{\mu}m$. This value may allow a practical cell gap larger than $3{\mu}m$, which makes it easy to control in the manufacturing process. Furthermore, this LC cell with optimized cell parameters shows low wavelength dispersion and the contrast ratio greater than 5 over exists about $100{\circ}$ in vertical direction and $160{\circ}$ in horizontal direction. Also, when using the LC with positive dielectric anisotropy rather than negative dielectric anisotropy, the display shows low power consumption and fast response time.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제61권4호
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• pp.595-600
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• 2012

In this paper, it is investigated the characteristics of DSSC(Dye Sensitized Solar Cell) with cell area(0.25, 1, 2.25 $cm^2$) and dye absorption time(12, 24, 36 h). Thus, we obtain the following results by using the EIS, UV-VIS, I-V measurement. When the cell area increases, the efficiency decreases to 21~32 percent because of the increase about 40~$60{\Omega}$ of internal impedance regardless of dye absorption time. When the absorption time increases up to 24 hours, the efficiency increases to over 40 percent cause of the reduction of internal impedance regardless of cell area. When the dye absorption time becomes 36 hours, the internal impedance increases and at the same time, in the range of 600~700 nm, as the optical absorption reduces. Therefore, the efficiency decreases to 19~31 percent. When it is absorbed the dye for 24 hours in the smallest cell area which is 0.25 $cm^2$, the DSSC has the best efficiency (7.11 %).

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.93-99
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• 2011

To guarantee more exact maximum power of solar cell module, it is absolutely required to have performance characteristics of various solar cells. Today, there are many types of solar simulator for large area measurement. But it is very opaque how to select the best one for various solar cell module like crystalline silicon solar cell, high efficiency solar cell, amorphous silicon thin film solar cell, CdTe and CIGS solar cell module. So, in this paper 4 types of photovoltaic module were selected to compare the electrical characteristics by changing light pulse duration time and voltage scan direction. Light pulse duration time was varied from 10msec to 800msec. And two types of voltage scan directions, Voc->Isc and Isc->Voc were selected. From this results, optimum measuring condition was suggested and electrical variation was analysed for each types of solar cell module. The detail description is specified as the following paper.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.427-431
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• 2006

We have studied electro-optic characteristics of reflective $45^{\circ}$ twisted nematic liquid crystal display which implement the new LC orientation using of in-cell retarder film. For the embodiment of reflective liquid crystal display, essentially the optic compensation films was always needed and attached to the outside of glass substrate. In our study, these optic compensation film were not employed in reflective LC cell. On other hand we have employed the in-cell retarder to substitute the optic compensation film and were able to orient the LC molecules using this in-cell retarder. So we have developed the reflective LC cell that has good optical performances without any additional coating process on the in-cell retarder.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.433-437
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• 2021

As the demand for new and renewable energy increases due to the depletion of fossil fuels, solar power generation, a core energy source for new and renewable energy, requires research on solar modules for high output power generation. In this paper, the electrical characteristics of solar cell strip at the edge and in the center of single-crystal silicon having a semi-square shape were analyzed. The cell strip located in the center showed the efficiency increase by 0.26% compared to the cell strip at the edge of the solar cell. A shingled photovoltaic module was manufactured for each cell strip. As a result, the output power of the module using the cell strip located in the center was higher by 0.992%.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2011년도 추계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.81.1-81.1
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• 2011

High temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) has been regarded as a promising clean energy sources. In this study, a quasi-three-dimensional dynamic model of HT-PEMFC has been developed and the local dynamic characteristics are investigated. The model has the geometrical simplification of 2+1D reduction (quasi-3D). The one-dimensional model consists of nine control volumes in cross-sectional direction to solve the energy conservation and the species conservation equations. Then, the one-dimensional model is discretized into 25 local sections along the gas flow direction to account for gas and thermal transport in channels. With this discretization, the local characteristics of HT-PEMFC such as species conservation, temperature, and current density can be captured. In order to study the basic characteristics of HT-PEMFC, it is important to investigate the local dynamic characteristics. Thus, the model is simulated at various operating conditions and the local dynamic characteristics related to them are observed. The model is useful to investigate the distribution of HT-PEMFC characteristics and the physical phenomena in HT-PEMFC.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2016년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.357-358
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• 2016

This paper presents a dynamic, electric-thermal model for a photovoltaic (PV) cell that combines electrical and thermal parameters. In this model, the irradiance and ambient temperature are used to calculate the PV cell temperature based on a five-layer thermal model. The cell temperature is then used in the electrical model to accurately adjust the PV cell output electrical characteristics and power. A custom experimental setup was built to test and verify the electrical and thermal characteristics of the PV cell and its surrounding layers. The electric-thermal model is validated using experimental data in realistic scenarios. This PV model can be scaled up and used to simulate PV systems in wide variety of applications, extreme environmental conditions, and fault conditions in real-time.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.131-137
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• 2009

In this paper, we have manufactured hole type PRAM unit cell using phase change material $Ge_2Sb_2Te_5$. The phase change material $Ge_2Sb_2Te_5$ was deposited on hole of 500 nm size using sputtering method. Reset current of PRAM unit cell was confirmed by measuring R-V characteristic curve. Reset current of manufactured hole type PRAM unit cell is 15 mA, 100 ns. And electro and thermal characteristics of hole type PRAM unit cell were analyzed by 3-D finite element analysis. From simulation temperature of PRAM unit cell was $705^{\circ}C$.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.301-309
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• 1997

This study was conducted to examine morphological characteristics and the content of cell wall polysaccharides of Brassica campestris var. pekinensis(baechu). First of all, the variety of scientific name and naming of parts of baechu in the literatures of kimchi showed, which will unify marks. So, we propose not so much mid-rib and leaf blade of baechu leaf as white part and green part, respectively. On the other hand, the forms of vessel elements of white part in baechu consist in ring, sclariform and reticulate thickening. The proximate compositions and contents of cell wall polysaccharides of baechu has significant differences between its cultivars. The cell wall pectin from baechu exhibited four peals with molecular weights of 2,000,000, about 100,000 and less than 10,000 by gel filteration chromatography and hemicellulose did two peaks with molecular weights of 2,000,000 and 10,000.