• 제목/요약/키워드: cave animal

검색결과 19건 처리시간 0.026초

Soldanellonyx monardi (Acari, Halacaridae), a Freshwater Halacarid Species Newly Recorded from Korea

  • Shin, Jong Hak;Chang, Cheon Young
    • Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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    • 제37권1호
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    • pp.19-25
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    • 2021
  • Soldanellonyx monardi Walter, 1919, a halacarid species is newly recorded from South Korea, as the second member for the freshwater halacarid mites in Korea after S. chappuisi Walter, 1917 reported from Gossi-gul Cave, a limestone cave at Yeongwol in 1968. It was collected from three wells in the southeastern part of Korean peninsula this year. Korean specimens are well accorded with S. monardi s. str. in having telofemur I less than 1.5 times longer than wide, two spiniform setae on the ventral side of tibia I, relatively longer anterior dorsal plate (slightly longer than its width and about half the length of posterior dorsal plate), and the posterior epimeral plates lacking a dorsal seta. Based on the Korean specimens, a brief table for the morphological differences between adult females and deutonymphs are provided, which shows a tendency of rather consistent increment according to growth in the number of spiniform dorsal setae on telofemora and genua of legs I and II, the number of perigenital setae, and the number of genital acetabula. In this paper, detailed redescription and a brief table for the morphological differences between adult females and deutonymphs of S. monardi are provided.

강원 및 경북지역의 석회암동굴 고고학조사 예보 (Preliminary Report of Archaeological Survey in Limestone Caves at Gangwon and GyeongBuk provinces)

  • 배기동;크리스토퍼 배;이철민;김기룡
    • 한국제4기학회지
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    • 제25권1호
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    • pp.41-49
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    • 2011
  • 고대의 인간거주의 흔적을 확인하기 위하여 중부 내륙의 석회암 지대인 평창, 단양, 진천, 괴산, 제천, 문경, 보은, 상주 등지에 대한 조사에서 모두 고고학적으로 기조사된 동굴 6개소 및 31개소의 동굴이 지표조사 되었다. 조사는 주로 입지와 퇴적층의 유무 그리고 문화유물의 부존가능성에 대한 확인을 포함하였다. 조사된 동굴 중에서 평창의 광천선굴이나 문경의 모산굴을 비롯한 11개소가 퇴적층의 잔존상황이나 토기나 동물 뼈 등의 유물의 산포상황으로 미루어 고고학적으로 의미가 있을 것으로 보이며 이 중에 문경 모산굴은 크기나 내부의 퇴적층 그리고 발견된 토기로 미루어 고고학적인 가치가 분명하게 확인되었다. 이러한 새로운 자료는 그동안 이 지역에서 조사된 인간거주의 증거들과 함께 구석기시대 이래의 생활사를 잘 보여줄 것으로 기대된다.

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New Family Gulgastruridae of Collembola (Insecta) Based on Morphological, Ecobiological and Molecular Data

  • Byung Hoon Lee;Jean Marc Thibaud
    • Animal cells and systems
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    • 제2권4호
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    • pp.451-454
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    • 1998
  • Gulgastrura reticulosa, first described by Yosii (1966) as a monotypic new genus from a Korean limestone cave, was reviewed for its systematic position by c1adistic analysis of morphological characteristics, investigation of its intermaulting period and reproductive cycle as well as allozyme and 18S rDNA analysis. The great extent of divergence was strongly suggested by its combined lack of sensory organs (third antennal organ, postantennal organ, eyes, pseudocelli) with simultaneous development of an 'apical organ'at the tip of the antennae. The obvious divergence from any existing Collembola families was additionally supported by the extremely prolonged intermoulting period as well as by the low strap value it showed with Onychiuridae as obtained by 18S DNA sequence analysis. All these were considered Justifying the creation of a new family, Gulgastruridae, but still revealing more allied to Onychiuvidae rather than to Hypogastruridae.

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Effects of Cultivars and Seeding Dates on Chemical Composition and Energy Content of Switchgrass (Panicumvirgatum L.) in Republic of Korea

  • Ji, Do-Hyeon;Kim, Byong-Wan;Sargolzehi, Mohammad Mahdi;Kang, Shin-Gon;Lee, Bae-Hun;Peng, Jing-Lun;Nejad, Jalil Ghassemi;Min, Doo-Hong;Sung, Kyung-Il
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제34권3호
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    • pp.179-186
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    • 2014
  • The objective of this study was to determine the best performing switchgrass (Panicumvirgatum L.) cultivar with three different seeding dates as a bioenergy source in Republic of Korea. Split-plot in time with three replications was performed and three switchgrass cultivars, Carthage (CT), Cave-in-Rock (CIR), and Forestburg (FB) were used in this experiment from 2009 to 2012. Plots were seeded on April 23, May 4, and May 13, 2009 and were harvested once in November each year. No fertilizer was applied to the field for the first year; however, in second and third years (June 2010 and May 2011, respectively), N, $P_2O_5$ and K2O fertilizers were applied in 67,45 and 90 kg $ha^{-1}$, respectively. Soil pH (5.9) and climate condition including temperature ($10.4{\sim}17.5^{\circ}C$) and precipitation (89.4~109.8 mm $month^{-1}$) were suitable for switchgrass cultivation. Total dry matter yields were higher in CT and CIR compared to FB and were 16.9, 15.9, and 4.5 ton $ha^{-1}$, for CT, CIR, and FB, respectively (p<0.0001). The samples were analyzed for dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), crude fiber (CF), ether extract (EE), and ash. No significant differences in energy content (p = 0.96) and chemical composition among cultivars (p>0.05) were found. Seeding dates did not affect DM yield (ton $ha^{-1}$), chemical composition and energy content significantly (p>0.05). Significant difference was observed for heights among CT, CIR, and FB (177.59, 169.98, and 94.89 cm, respectively, p = 0.0002). In conclusion, based on soil characteristics and climate condition in Korea compared to other countries, switchgrass can be cultivated successfully. Considering dry matter yield and energy content of these three cultivars of switchgrass CT and CIR adapted better to climate in Middle Eastern of Republic of Korea than Forestburg for bioenergy purpose.

Regional differences in winter activity of hibernating greater horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum) from Korea

  • Kim, Sun-Sook;Choi, Yu-Seong;Yoo, Jeong-Chil
    • Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • 제43권1호
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2019
  • Background: Hibernating bats exhibit ubiquitous winter activity in temperate zones, but there is considerable between- and within-species variety in their intensity and purpose. Bats may fly during winter for sustenance or travel to other hibernacula. This study compared inter-regional variation in the winter activity of the greater horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum). We predicted that weather and hibernacula-environmental conditions would influence winter activity patterns. Results: Winter activity patterns differed between regions. In the Anseong area, we confirmed movement inside the hibernaculum, but in Hampyeong, we observed movement both inside and between hibernacula. The two regions differ by $4^{\circ}C$ in average winter temperatures. Anseong experiences 22 days during which average daily temperatures exceeded $5^{\circ}C$, whereas Hampyeong experienced 50 such days. During the hibernating period, bat body weight decreased by approximately 17-20% in both regions. Conclusions: Ambient temperatures and winter-roost environments appear to be behind regional differences in hibernating bat activity. As winter temperatures in Korea do not favor insect activity, feeding probability is low for bats. However, bats may need to access water. At Anseong, underground water flows inside the hibernaculum when the reservoir outside is frozen. At Hampyeong, the hibernaculum does not contain a water source, but the reservoir outside does not freeze during winter. In conclusion, water-source location is the most likely explanation for regional variation in the winter activity of hibernating bats.

동물 만화영상의 풍자적 표현 연구 (A Study on Satirical Expression of Animal Cartoon & Animated Cartoon)

  • 이화자
    • 만화애니메이션 연구
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    • 통권9호
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    • pp.266-282
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    • 2005
  • 만화영상은 이미지적 속성과 언어적 속성으로 되어있으며, 유머와 풍자적 내용이 밀접하게 관계되어 있다. 그리고 영상매체에서 동물 소재로 표현되었던 풍자적 표현 기법들을 연구 ${\cdot}$ 분석한다. 그 방법으로 이론적 배경은 동물 만화 영상의 역사적 배경으로 선사시대 원시 동굴 벽화로부터 시작하여 현대의 다양한 만화영상 캐릭터 산업까지 간략한 흐름을 살펴본다. 그리고 동물 풍자적 표현 유형으로 동물 묘사의 문학적 표현의 다양한 유형을 정리해 본다. 마지막으로 문학에서의 풍자 표현 기법인 비유적 표현, 상징적 표현, 수사적 표현들의 개념을 알아보고 비교하여 작품분석을 시도한다. 이러한 시도는 기존에 개념화되었던 인문학적 분류와 새로운 시각영상예술인 만화영상매체에 의미 연결 및 결합의 기초 분석법을 제시하고, 또한 자료들을 데이터베이스화함을 목적으로 한다. 이러한 축적된 자료들은 만화영상에 창작되는 동물 캐릭터들의 내적인 풍자 속성의 이야기 생산 및 그 의미작용에 대한 세부적인 자료를 제시할 것이다.

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존 월리엄 워터하우스 회화에 표현된 팜므 파탈 패션 이미지 (Femme Fatale's Fashion Image in John William Waterhouse's Works)

  • 남윤숙
    • 한국의상디자인학회지
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.11-25
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    • 2008
  • John William Waterhouse (1849-1917) is a painter renown for his romantic beautiful femme fatale images in the late 19th century in England. The purpose of this study is to examine the fashion in Waterhouse's femme fatale images. Waterhouse displays the devilism of femme fatale by the symbols of a wicked woman. He emphasized how wicked she is by means of water such as lake, river, and sea as well as symbols associated with demons such as forest, cave, naked woman, long hair, a monster-headed woman looking like an animal, water lily, and garden. On the other hand, he illustrates the woman's style as an image of a typical feminine beauty. Expressing naturally a fine-curved, immature girl's body with marvel-like white and clear skin in a kneeling down or crouching passive rose and depicting it as an innocent and fragile feminine image, he created a passive and lovely image of a young girl. With her eminent beauty and sex appeals, she lured men into danger. Words such as evil, women, and death had been used in describing her as femme fatale to emphasize her wickedness as well as to deliver the meaning across from the inside and to the outside. They also described her as a type of woman with body posture and fashion corresponding to the sexual ideology during the Victorian Age. His description of this fashion image was to show that femme fatale's fashion, which represents attraction and fatality, does not necessarily translate to an active fashion style that emphasizes sensuality. It also tends to minimize resistance and feelings of being threatened. Therefore, it allons us to acknowledge that even girlish body with innocent and frail-looking fashion can be a form of femme fatale, and that fashion styles is essential in forming the image of femininity.

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낙지(Octopus minor)의 배 발생 (Embryogenesis in the Octopus minor)

  • 김동수;김재만
    • 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.135-140
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    • 2006
  • 소형 두족류의 일종인 낙지(Octopus minor)는 근연종인 문어나 주꾸미에 비하여 산란수가 적고 갯벌 속 깊은 은신처에서 어미 낙지의 독특한 포란 행동으로 부화하기 때문에 배의 발달 과정을 관찰하기가 매우 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 인공 산란관을 설치하여 낙지의 산란과 부화를 유도하고 배 발달과정을 관찰하였다. 낙지의 배아에서는 산란 후 4일째에 배반엽이 형성되었으며 28일이 경과하면 여러 기관의 원기들이 난황낭의 중앙부에 출현하였다. 이 발생 원기는 동물극 쪽으로 이동하여 38일이 경과되면 두부에 두 눈이 생기고 몸통과 심장이 난황낭의 정단부에 출현하였다. 45일이 경과 된 뒤에는 몸통과 두부가 난막의 절반을 차지하게 자라고 길고 가느다란 팔을 움직이기 시작하였다. 산란 후 60일이 경과 한 뒤에는 여러 개의 반점을 갖는 몸통의 아래에 2개의 눈이 뚜렷하게 형성되었고 80일이 지나면 난황은 거의 흡수되고 그 자리에는 잘 발달된 8개의 팔이 가득 채우게 되었다. 발생이 끝난 새끼 낙지는 알 껍질을 찢고 팔부터 빠져 나왔으며 부화 후 곧바로 활발하게 유영하며 먹물을 분사하였다.

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상고시대(上古時代)와 고조선시대(古朝鮮時代)의 의학(醫學)에 관(關)한 문헌적(文獻的) 고찰(考察) (A bibliographic study on medical science ancient period (上古時代) and the era of the old-Korea (古朝鮮時代))

  • 권학철;박찬국
    • 대한한의학원전학회지
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    • 제3권
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    • pp.218-247
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    • 1989
  • As mentioned above, I got the next conclusion since I had considered the medical contents of the ancient period(上古時代) and the era of the old-Korea(古朝鮮時代) through several bibliographic records. 1. There were Pung-baeg(風伯), Uh-sa(雨師), Un-sa(雲師) that were the names of the governmental officials during the ancient period of Whan-ung(桓雄). Among them, Uh-sa specially managed the treatment for diseases. When we think of the significance of Pung(風)-which means the winds, Uh(雨)-which means the rain, Un(雲)-which means of clouds, we will find out that the human life will be affected by all kinds of phenomena of the nature. So I can infer that ancestries could prevent and treat diseases with adjusting them tn the changes in the weather. 2. There were five government officials(五事) in the ancient period of Whan-ung(桓雄上古時代). They are Uh-ga(牛加), Ma-ga(馬加), Ku-ga(狗加), Cheo-ga(猪加) and Yang-ga(羊加), and had charges of five important duties. Among them, Cheo-ga was set to a charge of treatment for diseases. So we can notice that there existed people who treated for diseases professionally. When we think of the meanings of Uh(牛)-which intends cows or bulls. Ma(馬)-which intends horses, Ku(狗)-which intends dogs, Cheo(猪)-which intends wild boars and Yang(羊)-which intends sheep, we can see that livestocks would be raised at that time, and they came to have more chances to digest meat. Since the digestion of meat became to be a burden on the stomach and the intestines, it might cause a lot of indigestive troubles. 3. When I compared Tan-gun Pal-ga(檀君八加) with the Oh-ga(五加) in the ancient period of Whan-ung(桓雄上古時代), I could tell that the community of Tan-gun's period is more advanced and specialized than one of Whan-ung's. When I think of the next sentence ; "The Prince Imperial, Bu-u(夫虞) become to be a Ro-ga(鷺加), who treat for diseases professionally.", I am sure that the treatment for diseases was more importment than any other things, because he was the third son of Tan-gun(檀君). 4. According to Tan-gun(檀君) mythology, Whan-ung(桓雄) came down from the heaven of the pure Yang(純陽) to the earth and then changed into a man who had had more Yang(陽) than Yin(陰). And a bear came up from the underground(or the cave) to the ground and then changed into a women who had had more Yin(陰) than Yang(陽). So both of them became to hold together. This story implicated that ancestors had taken a serious view of each of them, namely the ancestors didn't give the ascendance to the one side of them, and made much account of the mutual harmony. So I am sure that this fact coincided with the basic theories of oriental medical science. To refer to two proverbs of Tan-gun mythology that are "Ki-Sam-Chil-Il(忌三七日)" which means caring for twenty one days, and "Pul-Gyon-Il-Gwang-Baeg-Il(不見日光百日)" which means keeping indoors for one hundred days, I can tell you that "twenty-one-day" involves the principle of the birth of life, and "one-hundred-day" contains a preparatory period or the period of death to bear another life. 5. From the medical stuff, such as wormwood(艾), garlic(蒜), or wonder-working herbage(靈草), that had been written at the bibliographic papers of the ancient period(上古時代) and the era of the old-Korea(古朝鮮時代), I consider that many people might get a lot of women's diseases, indigestive troubles, and other diseases that were caused by the weakness, but with using various spices, such as the leaves of water pepper(蔘), they could prevent the occurrance of all kinds of diseases previously. So I regard this treatment as the medicine from food. 6. One of the sayings at Nae-gyong(內經) is that "The stone accupuncture(砭石) came from the orient." We can see both "wonder-wor-king wormwood(靈草)" and "dried wormwood(乾艾)" in the several bibliographic papers of the ancient history of the old-Korea(朝鮮上古史). From these records, I can be convinced that ancestors would utilize the acupuncture(針) and the moxa cautery(灸) to cure a patient of a disease. 7. Even though someone claimed that the book, "medical science and chemistry(醫學化學)" and "medical treatment(醫學大方)" had had been written during the ancient period of the old-Korea(上古朝鮮時代), such a fact can't have been ascertained historical evidence. But it has been handed down that there existed the original phonetic alphabet, such as the "Ka-Im-To alphabet(加臨土文字)" at that time. The terms about the diseases, which had been occurred at the community of the old-Korea(古朝鮮地域), were recorded fragmentarily at other records after that time. The origin of confucianism came from the race of the eastern barbarians, and Tae-Ho-Pok-Hi(太嗅伏義) and the king. Sun(舜) came from the eastern barbarians, too. The divination of tortoise shells at the country of Un(殷) is another from which was developed at the eastern barbarians' fortune-telling of animal bones. From these facts, I can infer that, by all means, they might record the medical knowledge which had been stored for thousands of years while contacting with china directly.

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