• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• 제8권10호
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• pp.189-197
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• 2008

The present study purposed to assert the necessity of cultural property disaster control through analyzing the fire of the Sungnyemun and to suggest directions for the development of cultural property disaster control in the future. For these purposes, we reviewed literature such as research papers and books on cultural property disaster control, and presented problems in current cultural property disaster control and solutions for the problems through case study of the fire of the Sungnyemun. In a word, the fire of the Sungnyemun is a representative case showing difficulty in disaster prevention activities for wooden cultural properties. Accordingly, we need to recognize the necessity of cultural property disaster control and to prepare measures. For this, first, it is essential to reinforce preventive systems against cultural property disasters. Second, early actions should be taken in consideration of the characteristics of each cultural property. Third, for cultural property disaster control, it is important to maintain cooperative relations among the Cultural Properties Administration, National Emergency Management Agency, and relevant local self.governing bodies. Lastly, standards for cultural property fire protection systems should be tightened by improving related laws, and institutional bases should be intensified through preparing grounds for aggravated punishment for crimes against cultural properties such as arsons.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.754-761
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• 2013

Urban floods are usually caused by the lack of drainage capacity. Hence, sewer capacity expansion methodology by replacing small pipes with bigger ones is primarily applied as a flood control measure. However, this approach is often unreasonable because of the costs and time involved. Thus, the installation of underground rainwater storage tanks with the two advantages of flood control and water conservation is proposed. This study compared the effectiveness of flood control by both the sewer expansion methodology and rainwater storage tanks using the Storm Water Management Model. Three cases were simulated in this study. The first case analyzed flood reduction by the storm sewer expansion methodology. The simulation results indicate that the overflow volume from manholes was reduced by 49% with this methodology. The second case analyzed flood reduction by installation of rainwater storage tanks. The simulation results indicate that the overflow volume was reduced by 62%. However, these two cases could not prevent urban floods completely. Hence, the third case analyzed the joint application of the storm sewer expansion methodology and rainwater storage tanks. In this simulation, flooding did not occur. Consequently, the results of this study clearly show that underground rainwater storage tanks are more effective for flood control than capacity expansion of storm sewer. Furthermore, the joint application of these two flood control measures is more effective than their separate application.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.505-513
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• 2018

Main engine failures in ship operations can lead to a major damage in terms of the vessel itself and the financial cost. In this respect, monitoring of a vessel's main engine condition is crucial in ensuring the vessel's performance and reducing the maintenance cost. The collection of a huge amount of vessel operational data in the maritime industry has never been easier with the advent of advanced data collection technologies. Real-time monitoring of the condition of a vessel's main engine has a potential to create significant value in maritime industry. This study presents a case study on the establishment of upper control limit to detect vessel's main engine failures using multivariate control chart. The case study uses sample data of an ocean-going vessel operated by a major marine services company in Korea, collected in the period of 2016.05-2016.07. This study first reviews various main engine-related variables that are considered to affect the condition of the main engine, and then attempts to detect abnormalities and their patterns via multivariate control charts. This study is expected to help to enhance the vessel's availability and provide a basis for a condition-based maintenance that can support proactive management of vessel's main engine in the future.

• Korea Trade Review
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2017

This study focuses on the recent case held as to control in franchising. On the basis of analysis of the recent case, it examines the validity of the decision and suggests practical advice. The extensive judicial precedent has held that the franchisor and the franchisee possess the independent contractor relationship. But Williams v. Jani-king of Philadelphia Inc. suggest the conversion of the franchisee's status to an employees instead of an independent contractor. Franchisees allege that they were wrongly classified as independent contractors instead of employees because Jani-King had the ability to control the manner in which franchisees perform their day-to-day tasks. The appeal court held that Pennsylvania law does not distinguish between controls put in place to protect a franchise's intellectual property and controls for other purposes, and a franchisee may be an employee or an independent contractor depending on the nature of the franchise system controls. However, some degree of controls by the franchisor over the franchisee is inherent in the franchise and may even be mandated by the federal and state laws. Moreover, the appeal court affirmed that the franchise agreement, policies manual, and training manual alone could be sufficient to resolve the employment status. But it seems appropriate that the right to control on the documents is considered with the actual control.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.96-103
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to confirm the effectiveness of learner-centered teaching models to reduce the dental anxiety. 18 children with age of 10 at the case group and 22 children with age of 10 at the control group was completed. Children from case group were participated in learner-centered oral health education, while those from control group were participated in instructor-led oral health education. Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) at each groups were measured before oral health education, after then, oral health education of two types at each groups were separately conducted during 1-hour, 2 times. Learner-centered oral health education adapted the systematic desensitization (Tell-Show-Do) was conducted for case groups. Instructor-led oral health education was performed by using the presentation file (PPT). The change of Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) were compare between case and control groups to evaluate the effect of learner-centered teaching type. After oral health education, DAS of the case and control groups at the baseline were 9.61 and 11.14, respectively, and the average DAS decline of case and control groups after oral health education were 2.48 and 0.55, respectively. These findings show that a learner-centered teaching type is an effective oral health program to reduce of dental anxiety in childhood.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.1470-1479
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of Dampness-phlegm to blood lipid level and second reason of hyperlipidemia in acute stroke patients by case-control study. This study was done over 348 patients hospitalized in the Oriental Medical Hospital of Daejeon University of November 2006 to July 2008. Patients had been interviewed by residents and medical specialists who studied standard operation procedures in Fundamental Study for Syndrome of Oriental Medicine for Stroke. Study subjects consisted of 86 patients who distributed to Dampness-phlegm by medical specialist and discriminating program as the case I group, 157 patients who distributed to Dampness-phlegm by medical specialist or discriminating program as the case II group and 191 patients who distributed to Non-Dampness-phlegm by medical specialist and discriminating program as the control group. For the purpose of obtaining suitable result we analyzed blood lipid level of each group by univariate and multivariate logistic analysis. Dampness-phlegm was not significant correlated with increasing of Total cholesterol, Triglyceride and decreasing of HDL cholesterol. Dampness-phlegm was significant correlated with increasing LDL cholesterol and the independent predictors of hyperlipoproteinemia by multivariate logistic analysis. Dampness-phlegm was not significant correlated with diabetes melitus, liver disease, kidney disease, obesity and abdominal obesity. In this study, we demonstrated new relationship between Dampness-phlegm and LDL cholesterol. Based on these results, it is suggested that Dampness-phlegm would be the independent predictors of hyperlipoproteinemia. And more prospective studies are to be done with more clinical data.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.145-153
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• 2011

In the system necessary for safety such as the train control system, to make train control information be sent correctly is very important to enable organic movement between trains. In the case of the system such as RF-CBTC (Radio Frequency Communication Based Train Control) the control related information is sent through wireless transmission between on-board system of a train and wayside transmitter. The wayside transmitter collects the running information such as location, velocity from the on-board system and operates the optimizing control by sending the control information such as the target, limited velocity to the on-board system. But, when the communication disconnect or train failure, the critical hazard such as train collision or derailment may be possible because the RF-CBTC depends on the information through wireless communication. This paper discribes of performing Fall-Back system to detect train position in the case of rail break or communication failure to avoid train accident and allows train to be operated safely. It can be implemented with ATP function through track circuits using active-type transformers and axle counters, and allows train to be operated manually in emergency status.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.85-94
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• 2002

In this paper, we show that the 2nd-order iterative learning control algorithm with CITE is more effective and has better convergence performance than the algorithm without CITE in the case of the existence of initialization errors, for the trajectory-tracking control of dynamic systems with unidentified parameters. In contrast to other known methods, the proposed learning control scheme utilize more than one past error history contained in the trajectories generated at prior iterations, and a CITE term is added in the learning control scheme for the enhancement of convergence speed and robustness to disturbances and initialization errors. And the convergence proof of the proposed algorithm in the case of the existence of initialization error is given in detail, and the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is shown by simulation results.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1107-1114
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• 2005

The running condition of multi-system air conditioner is prone to vary largely as it is designed for individual conditioning in each space of middle and small sized buildings. This leads to overcooling in case of partial load run, while the lack of capacity happens in case of full load run. Besides these, there exist such problems as instabilities due to the uneven refrigerant distribution caused by fluctuation of load and the change in piping line. Based upon the basic study on the function characteristics found in parts needed for maximized system working design in order to troubleshoot, the system functioning pattern should be identified through the different tests with various operating circumstances and the analysis models should be developed. With this ground, the control logic has to be made to have a control over capacity and make possible the efficient distribution of refrigerant.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.107-113
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• 1997

This paper presents the active control of a flexible cantilever beam vibration. The cantilever beam was excitied by a steady-state harmonic and white noise point force and the control was performed by one piezo ceramic actuator bonded to the surface of the beam. An adaptive controller based on filtered-x LMS algorithm was used and the controller was defined by minimizing the square of the response of error sensor. In the experiment, gap sensor was used as an error sensor while the sinusoidal or white noise was applied as a disturbance. In the case of sinusoidal input, more than 20 dB of vibration reduction was achieved over all range of the natural frequencies and it takes 5 seconds to control the vibration at first natural frequency and 1 second at other natural frequencies. In the case of white noise input, 7 dB of vibration reduction was achieved at the first natural frequency and good control performance was achieved in the considered whole frequency range. Results indicate that the vibration of a flexible cantilever beam could be controlled effectively when the piezo ceramic actuator was used with filtered-x LMS algorithm.