• 생약학회지
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2019

Recently, companion animal culture has grown rapidly and mature, raising interest in preventing and treating animal diseases. In particular, viral infection was a serious threat to companion animal health because there was no proper antiviral drugs. Synthetic antiviral drugs have limitations such as low efficiency, toxicity, and occurrence of resistant viruses. Therefore, attempts to find new anti-viral drugs from natural sources have continued. This review focused on the natural products and active substances that exhibit antiviral activity against three viruses: canine distemper virus (CDV), canine parvovirus (CPV), and feline calicivirus (FCV) that cause fatal diseases in dogs and cats. Natural plant extracts, flavonoids, polysaccharides, alkaloids and saponins showed antiviral activity with various mechanisms and differences in activity depending on the structure. Especially, quercetin and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) showed antiviral activity through a multi-mechanism that interferes with the attachment and penetration stages of the virus and inhibits the viral polymerase within the cell. Some natural plant extracts showed a virucidal activity and showed the potential effect as a preventative agent to prevent the viral infection. This review is expected to provide research trend on the development of antiviral natural products for companion animals.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.273-280
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• 2014

Investigations of hematologic and canine distemper virus, parvovirus antibody titer for DongGyeongi were performed. This study was conducted to determine into feeding and management blood values on DongGyeongi. Blood samples were collected from 110 healthy dogs (male 60, female 50). The diagnostic virus disease and hematologic results were classified by age, sex, color. Although gender differences were not apparent, complete blood cell counts analyses were performed and analyzed accordingly. Statistically significant differences (P<0.05) specific to age (<2). Also, The canine distemper virus and parvovirus antibody titer were correlation to age dependent (P<0.05). In conclusion, data obtained from this study may be valuable as a standard for interpretation of the results in hematologic and major viral antibody titer analysis of DongGyeongi populations. For the management of DongGyeongi, the programs will be used for the epidemic disease prevention.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.57.1-57.8
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• 2023

Siewert-Kartagener's syndrome, a type of primary ciliary dyskinesia, is a complex disease comprising situs inversus, rhinosinusitis, and bronchiectasis. Situs inversus totalis is a condition in which all organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities are reversed. Furthermore, primary ciliary dyskinesia, an autosomal genetic disease, may coexist with situs inversus totalis. Reports on Siewert-Kartagener's syndrome in veterinary medicine are limited. We report a rare case of primary ciliary dyskinesia with Siewert-Kartagener's syndrome in a dog, concurrently infected with canine distemper virus and type-2 adenovirus. This case highlights that situs inversus totalis can cause primary ciliary dyskinesia, and concurrent infections are possible.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2004

This study was carried out to produce IgY against B. bronchiseptica, parvovirus and distemper virus that are major pathogens in alimentary and/or respiratory diseases of dogs. In the comparison of adjuvants, ISA70 was the best in the rapid induction and maintence of antibody titers. Agglutination antibody titers against B. bronchiseptica were 1:1,280 ~ 1:10,240 in sera and 1:160 ~ 1:1,280 in egg yolk. Hemagglutination inhibition(HI) titers against parvovirus in sera and egg yolk were 1:80 ~ 1:320 and 1:64 ~ 1:256, respectively. Virus neutralization titers against canine distemper was 1:8 ~ 1:64 in sera and egg yolk. These results suggested that egg yolk antibody titers could be variable according to a sort of adjuvant and antigens of the pathogens.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.423-428
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• 2009

There were outbreaks of canine distemper in Korea from the late 1990's to the early 2000's even though modified live CDV vaccines had been used as the same way as before. The present study was undertaken to investigate the levels of neutralizing antibodies in the Korean dog population, and the factors associated with the levels, with special reference to the vaccination history of the dogs. A total of 772 serum samples were from clinically healthy dogs with over one year old throughout the Korea from January 2003 to April 2004. Details on the sex, breed, age, vaccination status and disease histories were recorded. The level of neutralizing antibodies titer was determined with a modified version of the microneutralization test. Titers over 16 were classified as protective CDV antibody titers. The overall rate of adult dogs with protective antibody titers was 96.0%. The dogs with protective antibody titers varied depending on age, sex, rearing environment and vaccination status. Because the majority of healthy adult dogs in Korea had adequate serum antibody titers against CDV and the immunity provided by the vaccinations is claimed to last for several years, annual revaccination protocol for CDV in adult dogs should be reconsidered.

• 한국수의병리학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.139-145
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• 1998

A total of 5 animals including 3 raccoons, 1 badger, and 1 fennec fox kept in outdoor exhibits at the Everland Zoological Gardens showed depression, anorexia, dyspnea, serous oculonasal discharge, diarrhea, and convulsions. All the affected animals died within 10 days after the onset of clinical signs. This outbreak lasted about 4 months. On necropsy, major gross lesions were confined to the lungs. Red to grey sublobular to lobular consolidations with various sized tan to reddish spots were observed in the lungs. Histopathologically, the pulmonary lesions were characterized by acute to subacute bronchointerstitial pneumonia with secondary bacterial or adenoviral infections. Intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusion bodies compatible with canine distemper virus (CDV) were found in the lung, urinary bladder, kidney, intrahepatic bile duct, stomach, small and large intestines. Multifocal areas of severe demyelination and accumulation of gitter cells or nonsuppurative inflammation were seen in the brains of 2 raccoons. CDV -specific antigens were demonstrated in the lung sections on immunofluorescent assay. The present report describes an outbreak of CDV infection in a zoo and indicates the range of susceptible zoo animal species.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.209-214
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• 2017

Wild raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides koreensis) may play a role transmitting several pathogens to humans and pet animals. Information concerning the incidence of rabies, canine distemper virus (CDV), canine parvovirus (CPV), canine adenovirus type 2 (CAdV-2), canine parainfluenza virus type 5 (CPIV-5), and canine herpesvirus (CHV) is needed in wild raccoon dogs. In total, 62 brain samples of raccoon dogs were examined for rabies virus (RABV) and CDV, and 49 lung samples were screened for CDV, CAdV-2, CPIV-5, and CHV. No RABV, CAdV-2, CPIV-5, or CHV was identified, but nine CDV antigens (8.1%, 9/111) were detected. Moreover, 174 serum samples from wild raccoon dogs were screened for antibodies against the five major viral pathogens. The overall sero-surveillance against CDV, CPV, CAdV-2, CPIV-5, and CHV in wild raccoon dogs was 60.3%, 52.9%, 59.8%, 23.6%, and 10.3%, respectively. Comparisons of the sero-surveillance of the five pathogens showed that raccoon dogs of Gyeonggi province have slightly higher sero-positive rates against CDV, CPV, and CHV than those of Gangwon province. These results indicate high incidences of CDV, CPV, and CAdV-2 in wild raccoon dogs of two Korean provinces and a latent risk of pathogen transmission to companion and domestic animals.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.229-235
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 최근 국내에서 발병하는 개 디스템퍼(CD)의 역학적 조사를 위하여 2002년 2월부터 2002년 10월까지 강원도, 경기도와 서울특별시의 10개 동물병원 수의사에 의하여 CD에 감염된 것으로 잠정진단된 315마리의 개를 대상으로 하였다. 개체의 신상자료와 임상증상을 조사하였으며 CD를 확진하기 위하여 혈액의 단핵구나 결막 상피세포에서 CDV의 NP gene을 RT-PCR로 증폭하였다. CD로 의심되는 총 315마리 중 162마리가 CD 양성으로 진단 되었으며 성별과 종에 따른 발병율에는 차이가 없었다. 나이별 분포는 백신을 접종해야 하는 기간인 6-18주에 가장 높은 분포를 보였으며 1세 이상에서도 소수 발병하였다. CD환축은 호흡기 증상, 위장관 증상, 눈의 증상 등 다양한 증상이 나타나 임상증상에 근거하여 CD를 진단하기에 어려움이 있었다. CD 양성의 개 중 84.6%가 백신을 한번도 맞지 않았거나 예방접종을 제대로 실시되지 않은 상태였으며 CDV에 대한 혈청 중화 항체가는 96.9%의 개가 방어수준 이하인 1:16 이하를 나타내었다. CD 양성 162 마리와 CD음성으로 진단 된 153마리의 혈청 중화 항체가 사이에는 통계적인 유의차가 인정되었으며 (P<0.05), CD 양성 개 중에 생존 한 개들은 폐사한 개들보다 중화 항체가 높은 경향을 보였다. 눈의 증상과 신경증상을 보인 개체들은 다른 개체들에 비해 생존율이 유의하게 낮은 것으로 나타났다 (P<0.05). 본 연구의 결과 현재 국내에서 발병하고 있는 개 디스템퍼는 예방접종의 실패에 따라 개들의 항체 수준이 전반적으로 낮은 것에 기인하는 것으로 판단되므로 예방접종에 대한 전반적인 검토가 필요하며 예방을 위하여 감염에 취약한 시기에는 감염원에 접촉을 최소화하는 것이 중요할 것으로 판단되었다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.295-300
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• 1993

홍역이환개의 중추신경계에서 발생한 수초탈락을 수반하는 뇌척수염을 병리조직학적으로 관찰하고 조직반응과 수축탈락의 과정을 알아보기 위하여 중추신경계 조직을 파라핀 포매, 절편을 만들고 병소가 빈발하는 소뇌와 시신경로는 수초의 주요 구성단백인 MBP와 MAG 그리고 별아교세포의 Marker인 GFAP의 항혈청을 반응시켜 면역세포학적으로 관찰하였다. 조직학적으로는 대뇌에서 신경세포의 일부괴사, 신경아교세포의 결절형성, 소뇌에서는 4뇌실에 인접하여 백질부에서 수초의 공포변성, 수초탈락과 염증세포의 침윤이 현저하였고 피질부의 과립층에 인접한 부위와 시신경로에서도 수초탈락이 인정되었다. MBP와 MAG를 면역반응시킨 결과 수초의 공포화와 수초탈락이 현저한 부위에서는 MBP와 MAG가 동시에 소실되었고 부위에 따라서는 MBP또는 MAG가 먼저 소실되기도 하였다. 동시에 별아교세포의 반응은 수초탈락 초기에는 GFAP양성의 섬유와 세포가 크게 증가한 반면 수초탈락이 심하게 진행된 부위에서는 오히려 소실되는 경향이었다. 따라서 홍역이환 개에서 발생되는 수초탈락은 일차적으로 수초가 공격을 받아 파괴됨을 알 수 있었고 동시에 부위에 따라 다른 소견을 요인별로 비교하였다.

• 한국수의병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수의병리학회 2005년도 Proceedings of The 2nd Asian Society of Veterinary Pathology Symposium(Vol.2) and 2005 Annual Meeting of The Korean Society of Veterinary Pathology(Vol.9)
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• pp.52-53
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• 2005