• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권11호
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• pp.1951-1964
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• 2016

1,4-Dioxane-degrading bacterial consortia were enriched from forest soil (FS) and activated sludge (AS) using a defined medium containing 1,4-dioxane as the sole carbon source. These two enrichments cultures appeared to have inducible tetrahydrofuran/dioxane and propane degradation enzymes. According to qPCR results on the 16S rRNA and soluble di-iron monooxygenase genes, the relative abundances of 1,4-dioxane-degrading bacteria to total bacteria in FS and AS were 29.4% and 57.8%, respectively. For FS, the cell growth yields (Y), maximum specific degradation rate ($V_{max}$), and half-saturation concentration ($K_m$) were 0.58 mg-protein/mg-dioxane, $0.037mg-dioxane/mg-protein{\cdot}h$, and 93.9 mg/l, respectively. For AS, Y, $V_{max}$, and $K_m$ were 0.34 mg-protein/mg-dioxane, $0.078mg-dioxane/mg-protein{\cdot}h$, and 181.3 mg/l, respectively. These kinetics data of FS and AS were similar to previously reported values. Based on bacterial community analysis on 16S rRNA gene sequences of the two enrichment cultures, the FS consortium was identified to contain 38.3% of Mycobacterium and 10.6% of Afipia, similar to previously reported literature. Meanwhile, 49.5% of the AS consortium belonged to the candidate division TM7, which has never been reported to be involved in 1,4-dioxane biodegradation. However, recent studies suggested that TM7 bacteria were associated with degradation of non-biodegradable and hazardous materials. Therefore, our results showed that previously unknown 1,4-dioxane-degrading bacteria might play an important role in enriched AS. Although the metabolic capability and ecophysiological significance of the predominant TM7 bacteria in AS enrichment culture remain unclear, our data reveal hidden characteristics of the TM7 phylum and provide a perspective for studying this previously uncultured phylotype.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.169-176
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• 2010

회전접촉장치와 점감포기 생물반응조를 이용한 실험용 규모의 폐수처리 공정을 식품산업폐수를 유입수로 사용하여 5개월 동안 운전하였으며, 16S rRNA 유전자의 말단단편길이다형성(T-RFLP) 분석과 계통분류학적 분석방법으로 폐수처리 공정의 세균군집을 조사하였다. 유기물 외에 고농도의 질소와 인이 함유된 식품산업폐수를 적용하였음에도 불구하고, 안정화 기간 동안 화학적산소요구량, 총질소, 총인의 제거효율은 각각 98%, 93%, 95% 이상이었다. 가동 초기의 세균 군집과 안정화 이후의 세균군집은 뚜렷하게 구분되었으며, 안정화 기간 동안 가장 우점한 세균군집은 Bacteroidetes였다. 운전 기간중의 주요 세균 군집은 사상균으로 분류되는 Haliscomenobacter, Sphaerotilus, Candidate division TM7이었으나, 이들 사상균에 의한 슬러지 팽화 현상은 관찰할 수 없었다. Haliscomenobacter와 유연관계가 가까운 세균군집이 안정화 시기에 증가하여 최대 우점 군집이 되었다. 본 연구결과는 회전접촉장치와 점감포기 생물반응조를 이용한 폐수처리공정의 영양물질 제거에 사상균이 중요함을 제시한다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.19-37
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• 2018

Objectives : Oryeong-san was composed of Alismatis Rhizoma, Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba, Poria Sclerotium, Polyporus, Cinnamomi Cortex, and known to have hundreds of chemical compounds. The aim of this study was to screen chemical compounds constituting Oryeong-san with the drug-likeness and oral bioavailability from the analysis of their physicochemical properties. Methods : A list of chemical compounds of Oryeong-san was obtained from TM-MC(database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine). To remove redundant compounds, the SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System) strings of each compound were identified. All of the physicochemical properties for the compounds were calculated using the DruLiTo(Drug Likeness Tool). Drug-likeness was estimated by QED(Quantitative Estimate of Druglikeness) and OB(Oral bioavailability) was checked based on the Veber's rules. Results : A total of 475 compounds were obtained by eliminating duplication among 544 compounds of 5 medicinal materials. Analysis of the physicochemical properties revealed that the most common values were MW(molecular weight) 200~300 g/mol, ALOGP(octanol-water partition coefficient) 1~2, HBA(number of hydrogen bond acceptors) 0~1, HBD(number of hydrogen bond donors) 0, PSA(polar surface area) 0~50 angstrom, ROTB(number of rotatable bonds) 1, AROM(number of aromatic rings) 0, and ALERT(number of structural alerts) 1. QED had 93% of the values between 0.2 and 0.7, and OB had 90% of the value of TRUE. Conclusions : We in this paper screened the candidate active compounds of Oryeong-san using the QED and Veber's rules. In the future, we will use the screening results to analyze the mechanism of Oryeong-san based on systems pharmacology.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.124-132
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• 2011

Biofilm and aeration tank of pilot and full RABC (rotating activated Bacillus contactor) plant were analyzed to characterize and determine bacterial community structure in food wastewater treatment system at winter. Concentration of heterotrophic bacteria and Bacillus group was $10^7$ and $10^5$ CFU/ml, respectively, at biofilm of pilot-plant while others represented $10^6$ and $10^4$ CFU/ml, respectively. Five and eight phyla were detected at biofilm of pilot- and full-plant, respectively, by 16S rDNA sequencing. Biofilm of pilot-plant was dominated by ${\beta}$-Proteobacteria (38.8%), ${\gamma}$-Proteobacteria (22.4%), and Bacteroidetes (12.2%), and the most dominant genus was Zoogloeae genus (22.4%). Candidate division TM7 (12.5%) was only detected at biofilm of full-plant and it was dominated by Bacteroidetes (33.3%), ${\gamma}$-Proteobacteria (29.2%), and ${\beta}$-Proteobacteria (20.8%). Clostridium genus specific primer set enabled to detect the sequences of Clostridium genus. These suggested that anaerobic and aerobic bacteria were coexisted even from the initial period of biofilm formation and ${\beta}$-Proteobacteria, ${\gamma}$-Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were major phyla in biofilm of food wastewater treatment system at winter.