• 한국임상수의학회지
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.133-141
• /
• 1985

In order to establish a method predicting susceptible cows to the parturient syndrome, various serum chemical parameters (calcium, phosphorus, Ca/P, magnesium, cholesterol, total protein, albumin, globulin, A/G, total lipid, non-esterified fatty acid(NEFA) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)) were measured during late pregnancy and their relationships with periparturient diseases were investigated during puerpural period. The results obtained were as follows : 1. The factors affecting the prediction of susceptible cows to parturient syndrome were calcium, magnesium, total protein, globulin, A/G ratio and total lipid at 30 day antepartum and the diagnosability was 70.7%. 2. In the experimental cows producing more than 21kg of milk per day, the factors affecting the prediction of susceptible cows to parturient syndrome were calcium, NEFA and A/G ratio at 30 day antepartum and the diagnosability was 66.7%. 3. In the experimental cows calved more than 3 times, the factors affecting the perdiction of susceptible cows to parturient syndrome were calcium, total protein, albumin and NEFA at 30 day antepartum and the diagnosability was 83.3%.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.175-183
• /
• 1993

There are many report suggesting that influx and intracellular calcium concentration $([Ca^{2+}]_i)$ are related to cell signalling in various cells. However, it has not been reported that calcium channel activation is affected by the substances involved in signal transduction pathways in the mouse eggs. In this study, the effects of isoprenaline (ISP) and cyclic AMP on calcium influx through calcium channels were investigated to show their relationship with the signal transduction process in unfertilized mouse eggs. Using whole cell voltage clamp techniques, calcium currents, elicited by the depolarizing pulses of 300 ms duration (from -50 mV to 50 mV in 10 mV increments) from a holding potential of -80 mV, were recorded. The current-voltage (I-V) relation of calcium currents was shown to be bell-shaped; the current began to activate at -50 mV and reached its maximum $(-1.33{\pm}0.16\;nA:\;mean{\pm}S.E.,\;n=7)$ at -10 mV, then decayed at around 50 mV. Calcium currents were fully activated within $7\;ms{\sim}20\;ms$ and completely inactivated 200 ms after onset of the step pulse. ISP within the concentration ranges of $10^{-8}\;M{\sim}10^{-4}\;M$ dose-dependently increased the amplitude calcium current. The permeable cyclic AMP analogue,8-bromocyclic AMP, also increased its maximal amplitude by 46ft at $10^{-5}\;M$, while protein kinase inhibitor (PKI), which is known to inhibit 0.02 phosphorylating units of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) per microgram decreased calcium currents. Currents recorded in the presence of PKI were resistant to increase by the application of $10^{-5}\;M$. Also, PKI inhibited the calcium current increase elicited by ISP treatment. These results suggest that $\beta-adrenergic$ regulation of the calcium channel is mediated by the cAMP-dependent protein kinase. This signal transduction pathway might play a role in regulating $[Ca^{2+}]_i$, level due to the increase of calcium influx in mouse eggs.

• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제16권6호
• /
• pp.943-953
• /
• 2016

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the association between intake of energy, calcium and protein and permanent teeth caries in Korean children. Methods: Research data were obtained from the Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) and 1,274 Korean children within 9 to 12 years were selected as subjects for the study. The DMFT index, nutrition factors including total energy and protein intake, and degree of calcium intake were identified Chi-square test was performed to assess the difference of distribution in socioeconomic status, oral health behavior and nutrition factors according to sex. Multilevel linear regression analysis was performed to identify the relationship between DMFT index and the related variables. Results: Significant differences in energy, protein and Ca intake were confirmed according to the sex. Among 10 year-old children who intake total energy less than the recommended had few dental caries (p=0.058, ${\beta}=-0.411$). In addition, 11-year-old children having protein intake more than the recommended experienced dental caries (p=0.02, ${\beta}=0.588$). Conclusions: These results suggest that, there is significant differences between intake of energy and protein and dental caries among Korean children. However, further researches is needed to confirm between intake of energy and protein as a related factor.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.9-15
• /
• 2005

Recently, we reported that high extracellular calcium increased receptor activator of nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ ligand (RANKL) expression via p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p44/42 MAPK) activation in mouse osteoblasts. However, the mechanism for p44/42 MAPK activation by high extracellular calcium is unclear. In this study, we examined the role of intracellular calcium increase in high extracellular calcium-induced RANKL induction and p44/42 MAPK activation. Primary cultured mouse calvarial osteoblasts were used. RANKL expression was highly induced by 10 mM calcium treatment. Ionomycin, a calcium ionophore, also increased RANKL expression and activated p44/42 MAPK. U0126, an inhibitor of MEK1/2, an upstream activator of p44/42 MAPK, blocked the RANKL induction by both high extracellular calcium and ionomycin. High extracellular calcium increased the phosphorylation of proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2), one of the known upstream regulators of p44/42 MAPK activation. Bisindolylmaleimide, an inhibitor of protein kinase C, did not block RANKL induction and p44/42 MAPK activation induced by high extracellular calcium. 2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl borate, an inhibitor of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor, blocked the RANKL induction by high extracellular calcium. It also partially suppressed the activation of Pyk2 and p44/42 MAPK. Cyclosporin A, an inhibitor of calcineurin, also inhibited high calcium-induced RANKL expression in dose dependent manner. However, cyclosporin A did not affect the activation of Pyk2 and p44/42 MAPK by high extracellular calcium treatment. These results suggest that 1) the increase in intracellular calcium via IP3-mediated calcium release is necessary for RANKL induction by high extracellular calcium treatment, 2) Pyk2 activation, but not protein kinase C, following the increase in intracellular calcium might be involved in p44/42 MAPK activation, and 3) calcineurin-NFAT activation by the increase in intracellular calcium is involved in RANKL induction by high extracellular calcium treatment.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제37권5호
• /
• pp.370-378
• /
• 1994

두유에 우유를 40% 첨가시킨 두부 제조를 위하여 각 응고제별 및 첨가농도별로 두부를 제조하여 gel형성, 순물(whey)의 탁도, 단백질함량, 두부 생산량, 무기질함량, 조직특성과 색도를 비교 조사하였다. Calcium염 응고제는 0.3%(v/v), magnesium chloride는 0.4%, 유기산 응고제는 0.2% 첨가수준에서 대두와 우유 단백질의 공침전이 일어났으며 각 응고제 첨가비율에 비례하여 whey 탁도와 단백질의 유출량이 낮아졌다. 각 응고제 첨가 적정수준은 calcium acetate, calcium sulfate, calcium lactate 가 각각 1.2%(v/v), calcium chloride, gluconodelta-lactone이 각각 1.0%(v/v), magnesium chloride, lactic acid 0.8%(v/v), acetic acid는 0.6%(v/v)였으며 두부 생산량은 calcium chloride를 응고제로 사용했을 때 가장 높았다. 무기질의 함량은 calcium염 응고제가 유기산 응고제보다 Ca은 약 3.3배 많았고 K, Mg, Na, Fe도 약간 높았다. Texturemeter에 의한 우유 첨가 두부의 조직특성 조사결과 가장 단단한 두부는 acetic acid 두부이었고 calcium염 중에서는 calcium sulfate가 단단하였다. 응고제별 두부의 색도 비교에서 명도는 유기산 두부가 약간 높았고 적색도와 황색도는 calcium염 두부가 높았다.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.109-111
• /
• 1978

보리, 쌀보리, 밀등 3종(種)의 국산맥류(國産麥類)를 공시(公試)하여 도정(搗精)과 제분(製粉)의 두가지 가공방법(加工方法)으로 가공수율(加工收率) 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%의 네 수준(水準)으로 나누어 회분(灰分), 단백질(蛋白質), 지질(脂質) 섬유질(纖維質), Calcium, 철분(鐵分), Thiamine등의 함유율(含有率)을 분석(分析) 조사(調査)하였던바 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1) 가공(加工)된 곡물(穀物)의 회분(灰分), 단백질(蛋白質), 지질(脂質), 섬유질(纖維質), Calcium, 철분(鐵分), Thiamine등의 함유율(含油率)은 도정(搗精)의 경우 제분(製粉)의 경우에 다 같이 가공수율(加工收率)과 정비례관계(正比例關係)에 있었다. 2) 겉보리에서는 도정(搗精)한 것이 제분(製粉)한 것에 비(比)해 평균적(平均的)으로 동일(同一)한 가공수율(加工收率)에서 회분(灰分)은 0.83%, 단백질(蛋白質)은 1.31%, 지질(脂質)은 0.40%, 섬유질(纖維質)은 0.75%, Calcium은 3.03mg%, 철분(鐵分)은 2.40mg%, Thiamine은 0.14mg%가 낮았다. 3) 쌀보리에서는 도정(搗精)한 것이 제분(製粉)한 것에 비(比)해 평균적(平均的)으로 동일(同一)한 가공수율(加工收率)에서 회분(灰分)은 0.41%, 단백질(蛋白質)은 1.96%, 지질(脂質)은 0.33%, 섬유질(纖維質)은 0.84%, Calcium은 4.54mg%, 철분(鐵分)은 1.19mg%, Thiamine은 0.10mg%가 낮았다. 4) 밀에서는 도정(搗精)한 것이 제분(製粉)한 것에 비(比)해 평균적(平均的)으로 동일(同一)한 가공수율(加工收率)에서 회분(灰分)은 0.28%, 단백질(蛋白質)은 2.25%, 지질(脂質)은 0.05%, 섬유질(纖維質)은 0.25%, Calcium은 4.31mg%, 철분(鐵分)은 0.12mg%, Thiamine은 0.15mg%가 높았다.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.17-28
• /
• 2010

A substantial body of evidence has emerged over the last decade in support of the novel concept that dietary calcium and dairy foods play an important role in regulating energy metabolism and thereby promote healthy weight management and reduce obesity risk. This concept has been demonstrated in experimental animals studies, cross-sectional and prospective population studies and a number of randomized clinical trials. Notably, the effects of dairy foods in weight management are more consistent than the effects of supplemental calcium across clinical trials, and calcium per se is responsible for approximately 40-50% of the effects of dairy. The calcium component is only effective in individuals with chronically low calcium intake, as it serves to prevent the endocrine response to low calcium diets which otherwise favors adipocyte energy storage; calcium also serves to promote energy loss via formation of calcium soaps in the gastrointestinal tract and thereby reduce fat absorption. The calcium-independent anti-obesity bioactivity of dairy resides primarily in whey. The key components identified to date are leucine and bioactive peptides resulting from whey protein digestion. The high concentration of leucine in whey stimulates a repartitioning of dietary energy from adipose tissue to skeletal muscle where it provides the energy required for leucine-stimulated protein synthesis, resulting in increased loss of adipose tissue and preservation of skeletal muscle mass during weight loss. Finally, dairy rich diets suppress the oxidative and inflammatory responses to obesity and thereby attenuate the diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk associated with obesity.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.74-79
• /
• 2003

The functional properties such as a firming maintenance capacity for fermented vegetables, protein coagulation capacity antibacterial activity, calcium and peroxide absorption capacity of calcium powder of cuttle bone treated with acetic acid (ATC) were examined. In the Korean pickled cucumbers (20 days), the calcium content of ethanol insoluble solids was 5,264.9 mg/100 g and this value was higher than that of control (2,036.4 mg/100 g). Protein coagulation capacity of ATC was $0.9\%$ and its calcium absorption capacity was $49.3\%.$ The peroxide absorption capacity of ATC was shown $0-1.1\%$ range. Antibacterial activity was detected above $0.2\%.$ The ATC was effective in a firming maintenance of fermented vegetables (cucumber), coagulation capacities for soybean milk and antibacterial activity. The ATC was not effective in clarifying wastewater. Peroxide absorption capacity toward linoleic acid could not be checked by ATC, but its calcium absorption ratio was high compared to that of commercial calcium powder.

• 한국발생생물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국발생생물학회 1998년도 제4차 학술발표대회 및 정기총회
• /
• pp.41-42
• /
• 1998

The changes in calcium binding protein(CBP) of mouse epididymal sperm during their post-testicular differentiation were analyzed by two-dimensional SDS-PAGE. According to dpididymal maturation, capacitation and acrosome reaction of spermatozoa, both quantitative and qualitative changes of CBPs in the epididymal sperm was detected. It suggested that the development of fertilizing ability of epididymal sperm was closely related to the changes in the CBPs profiles of sperm during epidiyaml transit.

• 한국자기공명학회논문지
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.131-140
• /
• 1998

The calcium-induced structural changes in the skeletal muscle regulatory protein troponin C (NTnC) involve a transition from a ‘closed’to an ‘open’structure with the concomitant exposure of a large hydrophobic interaction site for target proteins. Structural studies have served to define this conformational change and elucidate the mechanism of the linkage between calcium binding and the induced structural changes. There are now several structures of NTnC available from both NMR and X-ray crystallography. Comparison of the calcium bound structures reveals differences in the level of opening. We have considered the concept of a flexible open state of NTnC as a possible explanation for this apparent discrepancy. We also present simulations of the closed-to-open transition which are in agreement with the flexibility concept and with experimental energetics data.