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A Study on the Trust Mechanism of Online Voting: Based on the Security Technologies and Current Status of Online Voting Systems (온라인투표의 신뢰 메커니즘에 대한 고찰: 온라인투표 보안기술 및 현황 분석을 중심으로)

  • Seonyoung Shim;Sangho Dong
    • Information Systems Review
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.47-65
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    • 2023
  • In this paper, we investigate how the online voting system can be a trust-based system from a technical perspective. Under four principles of voting, we finely evaluate the existing belief that offline voting is safer and more reliable than online voting based on procedural processes, technical principles. Many studies have suggested the ideas for implementing online voting system, but they have not attempted to strictly examine the technologies of online voting system from the perspective of voting requirements, and usually verification has been insufficient in terms of practical acceptance. Therefore, this study aims to analyze how the technologies are utilized to meet the demanding requirements of voting based on the technologies proven in the field. In addition to general data encryption, online voting requires more technologies for preventing data manipulation and verifying voting results. Moreover, high degree of confidentiality is required because voting data should not be exposed not only to outsiders but also to managers or the system itself. To this end, the security techniques such as Blind Signature, Bit Delegation and Key Division are used. In the case of blockchain-based voting, Mixnet and Zero-Knowledge Proof are required to ensure anonymity. In this study, the current status of the online voting system is analyzed based on the field system that actually serves. This study will enhance our understanding on online voting security technologies and contribute to build a more trust-based voting mechanism.

From Industrial Clusters to Innovation Districts: Metropolitan Industrial Innovations and Governance (산업클러스터에서 혁신지구로: 도시의 산업혁신과 거버넌스)

  • Keebom Nahm
    • Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.169-189
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    • 2023
  • The study aims to synthesize the discussion of the innovation district and suggest an alternative to the governance system of the innovation district. Cluster policies that focus on industrial specialization, networking, value chains, and industrial ecosystems have shown some problems and limits in advanced industrial economies. The innovation district, suitable for the era of urban innovation, convergence of industry, housing, leisure, and related variety, emphasizes cooperation through the convergence of various innovations, workshops and industries, and communities. It is important to build a quintuple helix based on cooperative governance through public-private partnerships, integrate the physical and cultural atmosphere, and service industries that strengthen the place prestige. Beyond the industrial aspect, innovation districts can facilitate changes in urban amenities and lifestyles and creative atmosphere, such as diversity, lifestyle, charms, and openness, and promote social vitality and economic interactions. The governance of innovative districts can promote inter-organizational exchanges, and combinations. When knowledge is created through exchanges between companies, it also affects changes in the governance system, evolving from a rigid and centralized system to an open, dynamic, and organic system. Through the innovation policy, the existing Central Business Districts (CBD) can be able to be transformed into a Central Lifestyle Districts (CLD).

The Relationship between Anonymity, Personal and Group Identities, and Discussion Quality in Online Discussion Communities (온라인 토론 커뮤니티에서의 익명성과 개인 및 집단 정체성, 토론의 질 간의 영향 연구)

  • Ae Ri Lee
    • Information Systems Review
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    • v.21 no.3
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    • pp.63-86
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    • 2019
  • As the use of ICT became a part of daily social life, online community has emerged as a new type of social organization. Online community is a virtual space which enables many people to participate and contribute together to collective knowledge. Anonymity in online communities can encourage active social participation by people with various social constraints, however, anonymity can also lead to serious social pathology. As a result, it is necessary to study on what is fundamentally influencing human behavior and how people's behavior is controlled in anonymous online community. This study focuses on human identity and investigate the factors affecting human behavior control in anonymous online environment by examining various aspects of identity in online discussion community. This study empirically verifies the causal relationship between factors, including social & technical anonymities, various identity dimensions, intrinsic motivation to participate in the community, group norm conformity, and quality of discussion. It also analyzes the difference between groups by the level of anonymity, gender, age, community usage period, and discussion topic. Based on the findings, this research provides theoretical and practical implications for online community management strategies and a better culture on Internet discussion.

Investigating Service Innovation Patterns: A Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (퍼지셋 질적 비교 분석을 활용한 서비스 혁신 패턴 연구)

  • Hyun-Sun Ryu
    • Information Systems Review
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.127-154
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    • 2017
  • This study aims to identify various service innovation patterns in the service industry and understand the main differences among them. We attempt to create a new typology of service innovation by analyzing its patterns based on the four major dimensions of service innovation (i.e., service concept, service delivery, customer interaction, and technology). We then investigate whether firms pursuing different service innovation patterns significantly differ from one another in terms of their performance (high and low performance). Based on empirical data collected from 198 Korean firms in the knowledge-intensive business service sector, four major clusters composed of different service innovation dimensions are identified. These four clusters can be interpreted as specific service innovation patterns, including "technology based high customer interaction," "high technology based high service delivery," "service delivery and high customer interaction-integrated," and "strongly balanced" innovators. High firm performance does not depend on the individual service innovation dimension but on the specific configurations of such service dimensions. Customer interaction also has an important role in achieving innovation success and improving firm performance, while technology has a key role in enhancing firm performance. This study sheds new light on service innovation research by developing a new typology of service innovation, identifying four major clusters as service innovation patterns, and exploring the relationship between service innovation patterns and firm performance.

A Study on the Current Status and Utilization of Old Map in Library and Museums in Korea (국내 도서관·박물관 소장 고지도의 현황 및 활용에 관한 연구)

  • Gi Young Kim
    • Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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    • v.35 no.1
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    • pp.97-125
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    • 2024
  • The purpose of this study is to increase access to information on old maps and to discuss efficient ways to utilize old maps, such as providing services and information using old maps. To this end, the information search system of domestic institutions that provide old map information was investigated, and methods of searching for old map data and accessing information were searched on the website. In addition, the current status of the collection of old maps in domestic libraries and museums was analyzed by referring to the homepage, book, research book, and publication of each institution. As a result of the analysis, about 2,200 old maps were housed in 76 institutions, including national, public, and university libraries and museums nationwide. Each institution in the collection of old maps was carrying out publication business, such as publication of English manuscripts, exhibitions and books, publication of research document edits such as lists and summaries. However, reading and using of original documents are limited due to the rare nature of old maps and the data characteristics of the only one. In order to effectively utilize old maps, first, it is necessary to improve access to old map information services and expand academic information services. Second, it is proposed to use old maps as data for archival construction that reflects the identity of the region. Third, it is necessary to cultivate professional manpower who selects and provides information based on knowledge of old map data and humanities literacy.

The effect of R&D investment in Chinese private firms on firm performance and value: The moderating effect of ESG score (중국 민영기업의 R&D 투자가 경영성과와 기업가치에 미치는 영향: ESG 성과지수의 조절효과)

  • Youngsoo Park
    • Analyses & Alternatives
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.87-115
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    • 2024
  • This study examines the effect of R&D investment on firm performance and value of Chinese private firms. Through R&D investment, firms aim to acquire knowledge and technological resources to create innovation and competitive advantage, which ultimately enhances firm performance and value. However, unlike other investments, R&D investments are characterized by high adjustment costs and risks, uncertainty and asymmetric information. In addition, the effect of R&D investment on firm performance and value has been shown to be mixed results due to various internal and external contextual factors. Therefore, this study intends to consider how the ESG activities of firms, which have recently attracted attention, act as a contextual factor in the results of R&D investment. This is because interaction with stakeholders through ESG activities is considered to be an important factor in securing competitive advantages and sustainable growth. In this context, this study measures the effect of a firm's R&D investment on its business performance by dividing it into financial performance and value, respectively, and examines the moderating effect of ESG score on the relationship. Based on empirical analysis of all Chinese private firms from 2010 to 2019, the results show that a firm's R&D investment has a negative impact on performance and a positive impact on value. Furthermore, a high ESG score of private firms positively moderates each relationship, emphasizing the importance of ESG activities.

Is Smart Tourism Merely a Trend? A Systematic Literature Review of Emerging Trends and Future Research Directions (스마트관광 연구 유행인가 지속가능한가? : 체계적 문헌 고찰을 통한 연구동향과 과제)

  • Yoon, Hye Jin
    • Journal of Service Research and Studies
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.1-18
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    • 2024
  • Recent discussions regarding smart tourism have gained significant momentum in tourism policy and industry; however, knowledge production in this research area remains fragmented and sporadic. This study aims to analyze trends in smart tourism research published in domestic KCI journals up to the end of July 2024 through a systematic literature review, proposing future research tasks to foster academic development. The analysis addresses both the quantitative and qualitative dimensions of smart tourism research, particularly focusing on tourism journals where the terms and concepts are prominent in policy and industry contexts, while also diagnosing the related research paradigms. The findings indicate that the term "smart tourism" began to prominently appear in research titles, topics, keywords, and abstracts as early as 2014. Among the 126 studies analyzed, research related to tourism constituted the largest share, accounting for 30.2%. However, due to the interdisciplinary nature of smart tourism, research has also emerged from various academic fields, including business studies, design, information communication, and computer science. Research on smart tourism has appeared in tourism journals since 2015, predominantly adopting a positivist research paradigm with an emphasis on quantitative methodologies that often utilize surveys. Additionally, the study reveals a pre-paradigm stage within smart tourism research, characterized by insufficient comprehensive conceptual and theoretical development. This stage has also restricted discussions on various ontological, epistemological, methodological, and interpretive issues. The theories mainly employed draw from established behavioral models, such as the Technology Acceptance Model, the Extended Technology Acceptance Model, and the Technology Readiness Model. Based on these findings, the study suggests future research directions for tourism scholars to determine whether smart tourism will solidify as a sustainable research topic or merely be regarded as a transient trend within tourism studies over the next decade.

A Comparative Study between Vocational Training Using Virtual Reality and Traditional Training: Focusing on Industrial Cranes (가상현실을 활용한 직업훈련과 전통적인 훈련과의 비교연구: 산업용크레인을 중심으로)

  • Seong-Yeon Mun;Hyun-Jung Oh;Sang-Joon Lee
    • Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.529-540
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    • 2024
  • In industrial sites, experiential virtual training contents are partially used to replace high-risk and high-cost training, and virtual training contents development is also becoming active along with the increasing demand for non-face-to-face industries. Existing studies mainly focused on quantitative research through surveys, and only measured the change in users' learning commitment. This study attempted to investigate the effect of the combination of theoretical education and virtual training on the improvement of actual job performance in a dual vocational training environment by conducting an experimental study. This study studied whether the combination of theoretical education and virtual training can improve the performance of vocational training in dual vocational training (comparative work and learning) in which companies and schools participate. The results of pre- and post-evaluation of vocational training using traditional vocational training and virtual training contents were compared with 24 vocational training trainees. As a result of the study, it was demonstrated that the outcome of virtual training education was higher than that of traditional vocational training, and the combination of virtual reality-based education was more effective in theoretical education. This study suggests that the virtual training content presents a new paradigm for industrial safety education, and through the interview results of trainees, it was confirmed that virtual training can lead to a change in attitude toward safety beyond just knowledge transfer. This contributes to the prevention of safety accidents in industrial sites and provides important implications for improving the quality of vocational training.

Retail Product Development and Brand Management Collaboration between Industry and University Student Teams (산업여대학학생단대지간적령수산품개발화품패관리협작(产业与大学学生团队之间的零售产品开发和品牌管理协作))

  • Carroll, Katherine Emma
    • Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.239-248
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    • 2010
  • This paper describes a collaborative project between academia and industry which focused on improving the marketing and product development strategies for two private label apparel brands of a large regional department store chain in the southeastern United States. The goal of the project was to revitalize product lines of the two brands by incorporating student ideas for new solutions, thereby giving the students practical experience with a real-life industry situation. There were a number of key players involved in the project. A privately-owned department store chain based in the southeastern United States which was seeking an academic partner had recognized a need to update two existing private label brands. They targeted middle-aged consumers looking for casual, moderately priced merchandise. The company was seeking to change direction with both packaging and presentation, and possibly product design. The branding and product development divisions of the company contacted professors in an academic department of a large southeastern state university. Two of the professors agreed that the task would be a good fit for their classes - one was a junior-level Intermediate Brand Management class; the other was a senior-level Fashion Product Development class. The professors felt that by working collaboratively on the project, students would be exposed to a real world scenario, within the security of an academic learning environment. Collaboration within an interdisciplinary team has the advantage of providing experiences and resources beyond the capabilities of a single student and adds "brainpower" to problem-solving processes (Lowman 2000). This goal of improving the capabilities of students directed the instructors in each class to form interdisciplinary teams between the Branding and Product Development classes. In addition, many universities are employing industry partnerships in research and teaching, where collaboration within temporal (semester) and physical (classroom/lab) constraints help to increase students' knowledge and experience of a real-world situation. At the University of Tennessee, the Center of Industrial Services and UT-Knoxville's College of Engineering worked with a company to develop design improvements in its U.S. operations. In this study, Because should be lower case b with a private label retail brand, Wickett, Gaskill and Damhorst's (1999) revised Retail Apparel Product Development Model was used by the product development and brand management teams. This framework was chosen because it addresses apparel product development from the concept to the retail stage. Two classes were involved in this project: a junior level Brand Management class and a senior level Fashion Product Development class. Seven teams were formed which included four students from Brand Management and two students from Product Development. The classes were taught the same semester, but not at the same time. At the beginning of the semester, each class was introduced to the industry partner and given the problem. Half the teams were assigned to the men's brand and half to the women's brand. The teams were responsible for devising approaches to the problem, formulating a timeline for their work, staying in touch with industry representatives and making sure that each member of the team contributed in a positive way. The objective for the teams was to plan, develop, and present a product line using merchandising processes (following the Wickett, Gaskill and Damhorst model) and develop new branding strategies for the proposed lines. The teams performed trend, color, fabrication and target market research; developed sketches for a line; edited the sketches and presented their line plans; wrote specifications; fitted prototypes on fit models, and developed final production samples for presentation to industry. The branding students developed a SWOT analysis, a Brand Measurement report, a mind-map for the brands and a fully integrated Marketing Report which was presented alongside the ideas for the new lines. In future if the opportunity arises to work in this collaborative way with an existing company who wishes to look both at branding and product development strategies, classes will be scheduled at the same time so that students have more time to meet and discuss timelines and assigned tasks. As it was, student groups had to meet outside of each class time and this proved to be a challenging though not uncommon part of teamwork (Pfaff and Huddleston, 2003). Although the logistics of this exercise were time-consuming to set up and administer, professors felt that the benefits to students were multiple. The most important benefit, according to student feedback from both classes, was the opportunity to work with industry professionals, follow their process, and see the results of their work evaluated by the people who made the decisions at the company level. Faculty members were grateful to have a "real-world" case to work with in the classroom to provide focus. Creative ideas and strategies were traded as plans were made, extending and strengthening the departmental links be tween the branding and product development areas. By working not only with students coming from a different knowledge base, but also having to keep in contact with the industry partner and follow the framework and timeline of industry practice, student teams were challenged to produce excellent and innovative work under new circumstances. Working on the product development and branding for "real-life" brands that are struggling gave students an opportunity to see how closely their coursework ties in with the real-world and how creativity, collaboration and flexibility are necessary components of both the design and business aspects of company operations. Industry personnel were impressed by (a) the level and depth of knowledge and execution in the student projects, and (b) the creativity of new ideas for the brands.

A Study in an Effective Programs for Emergency Care Delivery System (응급의료 전달체계의 충실 방안)

  • Kwon Sook Hee
    • Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.83-102
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    • 1995
  • As the society is being industrialized, the fast-paced economic development that has caused substantial increase in cerebrovascular and coronary artery diseases and the industrial development and increased use of means of transportation have resulted in the rapid rise of incidents in external injuries as well. So the pubic has become acutely aware of the need for fast and effective emergency care delivery system. The goal of emergency care delivery system is to meet the emergency care needs of patients. The emergency care delivery system is seeking to efficiently satisfy the care needs of people. Therefore the purpose of this study is designed to develop an effective programs for emergency care delivery system in Korea. The following specific objectives were investigated. This emergency care delivery system must have the necessary man power, for transfering the patients, communication net work, and emergency care facilities. 1) Man power Emergency care requires n0t only specialized traning in the emergency treatment but also knowledge and experience i11 other related area, so emergency care personnel traning program should be designed in order to adapt to the specific need of emergency patients. It will be necessary to ensure professional personnel who aquires the sufficient traning and experience for emergency care and to look for legal basis. We have to develop re-educational programs for emergency nurse specialist. They should be received speciality of emergency nursing care so that they will work actively and positively in emergency part. Emergency medical doctor and nurse specialist should be given an education which is related in emergency and critical care. Emergency care personnel will continue to provide both acute and continuing care as partner with other medical team. 2) Transfering the patients. Successful management of pre-hospital care requires adequate traning for the emergency medical technician. Traning program should be required to participate in a actual first aids activites in order to have apportunities to acquire practical skills as well as theoretical knowledge. The system of emergency medical technician should be remarkablly successful with first responder firefighters. Establishing this system must add necessary ambulances operating at any given time. It will be necessary to standardize the ambulance size and equipment. Ambulance should be arranged with each and every fire station. 3) Communication net work. The head office of emergency commumication network should be arranged with the head office of fire station in community. It is proposed that Hot-line system for emergency care should be introduce. High controlled ambulance and thirtial emergency center should simultaneously equip critical-line in order to communication with each other. Ordinary ambulance and secondary emergency facility should also simultaneously equip emergency-line in order to communication with each other. 4) Emergency care facilities. Primary emergency care facilities should be covered with the ambulatory emergency patients-minor illness and injuires. Secondary emergency care facilities should be covered with the emergency admission patients. Third emergency care center should be covered with the critical patients who need special treatments and operation. Secondary and third emergency care facilities should employ emergency medical doctor and emergency nurse specialist to treat in-patients with severe and acute illness and multiple injuires. It should be fashioned for a system of emergency facilities that meets emergency patients needs. Provide incentives for increased number of emergency care facilities with traning in personal/clinical emergency care. 5) Finance It is recommended to put the finance of a emergency care on a firm basis. The emergency care delivery system should be managed by the government or accreditted organizations. In order to facilitate this relevant program the fund is needed for more efficient and effective emergency researchs, service, programs, and policy. 6) Gaining understanding and co-operation of pubic It is also important to undertake pubic education to improve understanding of first aids and C. P. R of individuals, communities and business. It is proposed that teachers and health officers be certified in C. P. R. The C. P. R education can be powerful influence save lives. Lastly appropriate emergency care information must be provided to the pubic for assisting them in choosing emergency care.

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