• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2022

A novel brown rot fungus Phaeolus schweinitzii IUM 5048 was firstly used for ethanol production. It was found that this fungus produced ethanol with various sugars, such as glucose, mannose, galactose and cellobiose at 0.28, 0.22, 0.06, and 0.22 g of ethanol per g of sugar consumed, respectively. This fungus showed relatively good ethanol production from xylose at 0.23 g of ethanol per g of sugar consumed. However, the ethanol conversion rate of arabinose was relatively low (at 0.08 g of ethanol per g sugar). P. schweinitzii was capable of producing ethanol directly from rice straw and corn stalks at 0.11 g and 0.13 g of ethanol per g of substrates, respectively, when the fungus was cultured in a basal medium supplemented with 20 g/L rice straw or corn stalks. These results suggest that P. schweinitzii can hydrolyze cellulose or hemicellulose to fermentable sugars and convert them to ethanol simultaneously under oxygen limited condition.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.336-338
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• 1994

In 1991, the leaf brown spot of ivy-aureus (Scindapsus aureus) was found in Taejon and Seoul, Korea. The symptoms were appeared as dark-brown spots. The lesions were often surrounded by yellowish halos. These spots were enlarged to circular or elliptical in shape and dark-brown to black in color with slightly elevated in margin and sunken in center. The pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the diseased leaf of ivy-aureus were identified as Erwinia chrysanthemi on the basis of bacterial characteristics therefore, we would like to propose to the name of ivy-aureus disease caused by E. chrysanthemi as“bacterial brown rot of ivy-aureus”hereafter.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.99-101
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• 1998

A severe brown rot on peach fruit caused by a Phytophthora sp. has occurred at peach orchards in Taegu of Korea from late June to early August in 1997. Infected fruits showed irregularly round or circular water soaking brown regions. In the severe case, fruits were entirely rotten and surface of the fruits were wrinkled. Occasionally, white mycelia and abundant sporangia were developed on the surface of fruit. Inner tissues of the fruits were also discolored to brown. The causal fungus was identified as Phytophthora cactorum based on following characteristics. Sporangia were ovoid, conspicuously papillate, caducous and measured as 28.4~48.1$\times$21.9~37.2 (av. 39.9$\times$30.4) ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. Sexuality of the fungus was homothallic. Oogonia were 25.0~34.0 (av. 29.9) ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in size. Most antheridia were paragynous and measured av. 10.5$\times$13.0 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. Optimum temperature for mycelia growth was around 25~3$0^{\circ}C$. However none of the isolates grew under 7$^{\circ}C$ and over 35$^{\circ}C$. The fungus revealed high pathogenicity to fruits, shoots and leaves of peach, apple and pear with different degrees. Phytophthora fruit rot of peach caused by Phytophthora cactorum has not been reported in Korea previously.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.800-805
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• 2007

Two endoglucanases with processive cellulase activities, produced from Fomitopsis palustris grown on 2% microcrystalline cellulose(Avicel), were purified to homogeneity by anion-exchange and gel filtration column chromatography systems. SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that the molecular masses of the purified enzymes were 47 kDa and 35 kDa, respectively. The amino acid sequence analysis of the 47-kDa protein(EG47) showed a sequence similarity with fungal glycoside hydrolase family 5 endoglucanase from the white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium. N-terminal and internal amino acid sequences of the 35-kDa protein(EG35), however, had no homology with any other glycosylhydrolases, although the enzyme had high specific activity against carboxymethyl cellulose, which is a typical substrate for endoglucanases. The initial rate of Avicel hydrolysis by EG35 was relatively fast for 48 h, and the amount of soluble reducing sugar released after 96 h was $100{\mu}g/ml$. Although EG47 also hydrolyzed Avicel, the hydrolysis rate was lower than that of EG35. Thin layer chromatography analysis of the hydrolysis products released from Avicel indicated that the main product was cellobiose, suggesting that the brown-rot fungus possesses processive EGs capable of degrading crystalline cellulose.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.348-352
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• 1995

Severe gray mold neck rot of onion occurred in most farmers' fields in the southern part of Korea, and 20∼50% of onions were infected by the disease at Goheung, Chonnam, in 1994. Symptoms of the disease appeared on the lower leaves near the soil surface in late February. The symptoms initially appeared as yellowish blotch with compact gray mold on the surface of the infected leaves and developed to blast of the aboveground parts of onions. As brown to dark brown symptoms progressed around the necks of onion later, the bulbs were rotting gradually. Botrytis sp. repeatedly isolated from the lesions produced the typical symptom on the neck of healthy onion 7 days after wound inoculation of conidial suspension of the fungus. The fungus reisolated from the bulbs was identified as Botrytis allii Munn based on the morphological and cultural characteristics and pathogenicity. This is first report of a gray mold neck rot of onion in Korea.

• 식물병연구
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.15-18
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• 2000

1998년 대전의 비닐하우스에서 재배중인 칼란코에의 잎에 세균병이발생하였다. 이들 병반은 수침상 병반이 나타나고 병반진전과 함께 무름증상을 보였다. 이들로부터 분리한 병원세균을 침접종한 결과 자연병징과 같은 병반을 형성하였다. 병원세균의 세균학적 특성을 조사한 결과 E. herhicola로 동정되었다. 국내에서는 아직 칼란코에 (Kalanchoe blossfeldiana)의 병원세균으로 E. herbicola가 보고되지 않았다. 따라서 이를 E. herbicola에 의한 \"칼란코에의 세균성 무름병\"으로 명명할 것을 제안한다.할 것을 제안한다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.53-57
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• 1980

An undescribed black root rot of soybean, caused by Cylindrocladium crotalariae, was observed in Suweon area. The diseased plants showed yellowing at the top and dry rot at the root. Lesions of roots and stems in the soil were red to brown and main roots were cracked. Although not observed the disease in the field, leaves of inoculated test plants in the greenhouse exhibited circular, brown lesion surrounded by chloratic halos. The fungus was recovered in culture from the infected stem and root, and the perithecia of Calonectria crotalariae were demonstrated to be present as well as the cylindrocladium state. The fungus was pathogenic to the root, stem, petioles and leaves of soybean. The probable source of primary inoculum was microsclerotia formed in infected soybean root and stem from the previous season's soybean debris. Black root rot by this fungus was considered to be one of detrimental factors to the maximum yield of soybean. From the morphological and physiological characteristics and pathogenic behaviors, this fungus was identified as Cylindrocladium(Calonectria) crotalariae.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제13권
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• pp.17-29
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• 1995

This study was conducted to provide a fundamental information for commercial, medical usage and mushroom gene prezervation. The results of study are as following: 1. There were mushrooms of 53 families, 141 genus, 318 species at Mt. Palgong. 2. There were main edible mushroom of 63 species, main medicinal mushroom of 16 species, white rot fungus of 36 species and brown rot fungus of 4 species and Poisonous mushroom of 13 species at Mt. Palgong. 3. Poisonous mushrooms that are growing naturally at Mt. Palgong were Lampteromyces japonicus Sing, Amanita pantherina Krombh, Amanita phalloides Link, Naematoloma Krast and Amanita volvata Martin. 4. Numbers of mushroom species that are growing naturally at Mt. Palgong more than other regions.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.152-158
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• 2007

갈생부후균의 침해를 받은 생입목(生立木) 상태의 밤나무 및 사시나무속 갈색부후재의 미시형태 및 화학적 특징을 분석하였다. 활엽수 갈색부후재는 침엽수 갈색부후재에서 나타나는 전형적인 특징 즉 복굴절의 감소, 2차벽 중증($S_2$)의 선택적 분해 및 세포벽의 갈라짐 현상을 보여주었다. 부분적으로 목섬유의 박벽화 현상도 관찰되었으나 주 분해형태는 아니었다. FT-IR 분석결과 셀룰로오스의 헤미셀룰로오스를 나타내는 band가 현저히 감소한 반면 리그닌을 가리키는 band는 증가되어 나타났다. X선 회절분석 결과 공시된 활엽수재의 상대 결정화도는 건전재에 비해 감소되어 나타난 것으로 보아, 갈색부후가 상당히 진전되었음을 보여주었다.

• 보존과학연구
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• 통권33호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2012

백색부후균(Trametes versicolor)과 갈색부후균(Tyromyces palustris)은 목조문화재 및 건축물 등의 목재 조직의 건조, 부패과 균열, 스펀지화, 변색 등 다양한 손상을 발생시켜 구조적, 미학적인 관점에서 심각한 문제를 나타내고 있다. 그리고 가장 피해를 많이 주는 해충인 흰개미(Reticulitermes speratus Kyushuensis Morimoto)는 목조건축물의 옥외 기둥이나 대들보 등의 표층을 얇게 남겨두고 내부를 침해함으로써, 결국은 속이 빈 기둥이 되어 건축물이 무너져버리는 피해를 줄 수 있다. 대표적 피해 미생물인 목재부후 균이 흰개미의 서식에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위하여 부후균이 만연된 곳에 흰개미를 넣어 공존 가능성을 실험해 보았다. 목재의 중량으로 피해율을 산정한 결과, 전반적인 총질량은 두 종류의 부후균에서 모두 감소하였다. 목재의 질량은 백색부후균에서는 모두 감소하였으나, 갈색부후균에서는 오히려 증가한 경향을 볼 수 있었다. 그리고 섭식량을 측정하기 위한 목재의 건조 후 질량에서는 갈색부후균에 넣었던 목재의 질량 감소가 더 크게 나타났다.