• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.36 no.1 s.67
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• pp.103-120
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• 2005

This study aims to examine the change of fish market(魚物市場) and inland brokers(客主, kaegju) on Gunsan(群山), (1899-1919). The increasement of productive capacity in the agriculture and the development of exchange economy in the late period of Chosun Dynasty activated the distribution of fishery products. As a result, the inland brokers who participated in the production and distribution of fishes grew largely. They made the basement of fishery modernization by providing the funds for the fisheries and making the national distribution network. But Japanese fishermen began to hold the domestic market as the Japan government supported legislatively and economically after the opening ports of Korea. On the contrary, the distribution of fishery products had the characteristics different from the production of some. The case of Gunsan which opened in 1899 showed these characteristics as Gunsan is a short distance from Kangkyung(江景), one of three biggest markets and was a base of fishery, That is to say, though the fishery merchants from Japan set up 'a fish market'(魚市場), they didn't hold the sales network on Gunsan, Because the inland brokers on Gunsan had a sales network and began the socio-economic movement. It goes without saying that the instability of price, the difficulties of charge and the racial taste difference in fish made the fish sales from Japan confronted with the difficulties. After Japanese Imperialism enforced the Company Law, the Market Regulation, the Chamber of Commerce Law before or after 1910, Korean inland brokers were disprited and Japanese 'fish market' began to grow largely. These phenomena appeared on Gunsan, too. Especially, the opening of a railway was the main factor which strengthened Japanese 'fish market'. After 1915, Japanese 'fish market' on Gunsan defeated the distribution network of inland brokers.

• KNOM Review
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.30-41
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• 2019

MQTT protocol is one of open Publish / Subscribe systems for IoT information transmission. In this paper, we are proposing an algorithm to assign a subscriber, which dynamically participate in MQTT clustering system, to an appropriate broker. In MQTT systems with a centralized broker, there are losses of connectivity and messages between subscribers and brokers. In this paper, we addressed this issue for developing scalable open IoT systems and consider clustering MQTT brokers on the SDN infrastructure. In particular, this paper focuses on the problem of allocating subscribers to brokers in accordance with sharing brokers' topics to reduce brokers' load and communication cost in SDN based MQTT cluster. The Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm will reduce the load and the cost as compared to existing methods.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.69-83
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• 2015

The e-commerce market has been more diversified via B2B or P2P, and the size of this market has gradually been expanded as well. A noteworthy phenomenon is the P2P market, which has shown a rapid, approximately 200-fold or more increase in size since 2005. Specifically, the online secondhand-goods market that makes transaction easier and more convenient has attained a fast growth as well, but either sellers or buyers of secondhand goods are properly protected due to a lack of legal regulations on secondhand-goods transaction. The purpose of this study was to examine problems with online secondhand-goods transaction and to suggest some reform measures. There is something wrong with the legal status of brokers for secondhand-goods sales. According to the current law, individual brokers are neither mail-order sellers nor mail-order brokers. So they don't have lots of liabilities, and it means that the burden of risk is all imposed on buyers. Therefore it's suggested that individual brokers should be defined as 'involved operator of electronic commerce' so that proper liability might be imposed on them.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.33-54
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• 2000

This study intends to examine the distribution channel of the most popular ten species caught in Korean coastal and off-shore fisheries with the aid of interviewing fish brokers and cooperative staffs in fish landing markets. This paper finds and emphasizes the following three suggestions, in order to improve the present scheme of fish distribution system. Firstly, annual catch of 10 kinds of fishes is successively decreasing in quantity from 1994 to 1998. Moreover annual catch shows larger variations than fish price and cooperative sales quantity. Except sea eel and sole, cooperative sales accommodates more than 90% of the fish landed, accounting for the small variation in cooperative sales, which invalidates the effectiveness of the free distribution system adopted by the government. Secondly, diversified distribution channels are exposed according to the nature of the fish, the method to harvest, and the quantity caught. Large retailers such as discount stores, super chains and home shopping institutions are actively involving themselves in direct purchase in fish landing markets. Through the analysis of distribution routes, the general distribution channel of fresh fish has been found such as producers longrightarrow fish brokers in landing markets longrightarrow fish brokers in central wholesale markets longrightarrow wholesalers longrightarrow retailers longrightarrow consumers. In order to reduce distribution margin through the analysis of distribution function and distribution margin, this paper presents a new distribution channel such as producers longrightarrow fish brokers in landing markets longrightarrow wholesalers longrightarrow retailers longrightarrow consumers. Thirdly, to improve the fish landing markets, this paper suggests the M&A of uneconomical fish landing markets or renovating toward wholesalers, introduction of processing services and improvement of processing facilities, subsidizing fish brokers in landing markets, revitalization of marketing divisions in cooperatives and improvement in fish auction system.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.205-229
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• 2007

This study analyzed relation with risk recognition degree by customs business of customs brokers and actuality insurance accident occurrence. These study finding that risk recognition by customs work area of customs brokers and actuality insurance accident occur did not agree. So customs brokers more elevate risk recognition of entry field, origin/trademark right, HS and customs tariff application, customs refund, price estimation that are high the insurance accident rate. and they may have to do emphasis administration through employee education and ability elevation. Specially, operation risk that is produced from charge employee's simplicity mistake who tax invoice omission, a tax use mistake, document nondelivery, notice dispatch delayed action, may have to manage through moral management and employee bylaws and education, employee guidance etc. Also, they publicize these contents to import and export enterprise, and practice risk management of high risk business in priority through education and public information. so we will have to make can do more effective risk management.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.02a
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• pp.232-239
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• 2009

Emerging social networking services provide a new paradigm for human-to-human communication. However, these services are centralized and managed by single service provider. In this paper, we propose MicroPost, a decentralized event notification service architecture for social applications based on publish/subscribe model. In our design space, event brokers are structured as an overlay network which provides the substrate of distributed peer-to-peer lookup service for storing and retrieving subscriptions with hashed keys. Event clients interact with event brokers to publish or subscribe social messages over the wide-area network. Using XML standards, we present an efficient algorithm to forward events for rendezvous-based matching in this paper. In our design space, the cost of routing is O(${\omega}log_kN$), where N is the number of event brokers, ${\omega}$ is the number of meta-data obtained from event messages, and k is a constant, which is selected by our design, to divide the identifier space and to conquer the lookup of given key. Consequently, what we achieved is an asynchronous social messaging service architecture which is decentralized, efficient, scalable, and flexible.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.357-364
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• 2012

For this study, real estate brokerage services to customers how to evaluate quality factors and quality factors important for studying about what is preferred. Real estate brokerage service quality factors, the expertise of brokers, dealers sales skills, a sense of responsibility of traders, brokerage firm's position, whether or not participating were chosen franchise. Looking at the findings, and customer service quality factors, the five kinds of real estate brokers a sense of responsibility to be the most important quality factors were analyzed as a favorite, followed by the expertise of brokers, sales skills brokers, brokerage firm's presence, a franchise analysis of whether the order has been participating. As the results of this study, the traders as traders sense of responsibility and expertise and strive to improve, friendly servece and act as an active intermediarv will need to improve sales skills. Continuous promotion of the brokerage firm's position is shown to be critical, franchise affiliated businesses in order to make use of an efficient information network of the Internet is seen to be in need of improvement. This paper, we have experienced a real estate brokerage contracts require customers a service directly to find out whether the data obtained through interviews with the empirical analysis is Therefore, work-related departments of Ministry of Land and brokerage herein with reference to the Association to take measures to Once you have contributed little bit. Brokerage industry and the traders themselves, as well as the competition is to the straight ahead Do not look at a value for the development of brokerage will be constantly working.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.307-313
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• 2003

Off-line ship chartering is done nearly through the brokers. Because of the international scale of chartering market, brokers spend too much times and costs on searching the most appropriate product which the consumers want. In this research, we propose the on-line Charter Product Categorization Model to search the products efficiently in the Cyber Chartering System. This Model will make concerned parties of the ship chartering to get unified product information efficiently, and the select the most appropriate product. In this research, we classified the ship chartering products into categories of cargo, ship type, and sea routes, and defined mutual relation of each products, and we verified that this classification is necessary to search the products through the product searching experiment.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.64-72
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• 2021

XML message brokers have a lot of importance because XML has become a practical standard for data exchange in many applications. Message brokers covered in this document store many users. This paper is a study of the processing of twig pattern queries in XML documents using branching node streams in XML message broker structures. This work is about query processing in XML documents, especially for query processing with XML twig patterns in the XML message broker structure and proposed a method to reduce query processing time when parsing documents with XML twig patterns by processing information. In this paper, the twig pattern query processing method of documents using the branching node stream removes the twigging value of the branch node that does not include the labeling value of the branch node stream when it receives a twig query from the client. In this paper, the leaf node discovery time can be reduced by reducing the navigation time of nodes in XML documents that are matched to leaf nodes in twig queries for client twig queries. Overall, the overall processing time to respond to queries is reduced, allowing for rapid question-answer processing.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2015

Recently, the number of available cloud services are increasing dramatically because many IT companies have entered into cloud service market. Due to the reason, cloud service brokers are emerging as agents to solve cloud service selection problems and to support cloud service initialization and maintenance of unskilled cloud service users. In this study, NCloud24 case in South Korea and Right Scale case in the USA are analyzed as representative examples of the collaboration between original cloud service providers and cloud service brokers. The business models of two companies are analyzed using Business Model Canvas. The emergence of cloud service brokers are interpreted as unbundling process of IaaS (Infrastructure-as-a-service) cloud service companies. Based on the comparison with the two companies, we prospect future directions of cloud service brokerage.