• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.742-746
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• 1993

Recent literature reveals that pulmonary embolism secondary of pulmonary tumor embolism are dyspnea, hemoptysis, pulmonary hypertension, and circulatory collapse. We experienced a case of pulmonary embolism secondary to hepatocelluar cancer in 53-year-old man. From 2 months before admission, he began to experience cough and mild shortness of breath. Within a few days these symptoms progressed to near total incapacity. Pulmonary embolism was confirmed by angiography and the diagnosis of hepatocellular cancer was estabillished by abdomen CT and $\alpha$-FP(21,000 ng/ml). There was no evidence of intravascular cogulation elsewhere in deep vein of the extremities or risk factors of deep vein thrombosis. Thus we consider that pulmonary embolism in this patients is related to hepatocellular cancer rather than deep vein thrombosis. Therefore we report the first case which hepatocellular cancer initially presented as pulmonary embolism in Korean literature.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.383-387
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• 2016

Well-ordered nanocolumnar indium oxide ($In_2O_3$) thin films have been successfully fabricated by glancing angle deposition (GAD) using an e-beam evaporator. Nanocolumnar structures have a porous and large surface area with a narrow neck between nanocolumns, which allows them to detect minute amounts of gases. The nanocolumnar $In_2O_3$ thin films were fabricated by the GAD process at five different positions, viz. top, bottom, center, left, and right in a four inch substrate holder. There was a divergence in the thickness and the base resistance of each sensor. However, all the sensors exhibited extremely high sensitivity that was greater than $10^3$ times the change in electrical resistance after being exposed to 50 ppm of acetone gas at $300^{\circ}C$. Furthermore, the nanocolumnar $In_2O_3$ sensors displayed an extremely low detection limit (1.2 ppb) in dry atmosphere as well as in high humidity (80%). We demonstrated that the GAD nanocolumnar $In_2O_3$ sensors have an enormous potential for many applications owing to their particularly simple and reliable fabrication process.

• Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.303-324
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• 2001

Medical Kigong is one of five noted methods in Hwangjenaegyeong(黃帝內經). an is an important part of Oriental medicine. Recently many people are getting interested in Medical Kigong and studying it with several problems resulting. So it is necessary to get a theory of Medical Kigong which is scientifically well-organized. For this purpose we study Dongeuibogam Naegyeong Sinhyeong(東醫寶鑑 內景 身形) in terms of the theory of Medical Kigong and draw conclusions as follows Dongeuibogam Naegyeong Sinhyeong(東醫寶鑑 內景 身形) can be said to have all the necessary factors to be a separate book itself on Medical Kigong. It is focused on the preventive medicine through various methods of Medical Kigong used from the ancient times in China, and consists of the basic theory on Medical Kigong, the principle of Kigong. treatment result. patients to treat, specific Kigong methods, general methods on improving health, herbal diets and etc. The principle of Medical Kigong in Dongeuibogam Naegyeong Sinhyeong(東醫寶鑑 內景 身形) is to preserve and cultivate jeong(精;essence), ki(氣;breath), sin(神;spirit) which are three treasures of humanbody and it is achieved through health improving methods based on kigongsamjo(氣功三調), that is, josin(調身), josik(調息), josim(調心) and daesojucheonbeop(大小周天法) of naedanbeop(內丹法) in Taoism. Dongeuibogam Naegyeong Sinhyeong(東醫寶鑑 內景 身形) accepted Kigong health improvement methods in Taoism as a practical Medical Kigong and emphasized that preventing diseases through health improvement by Kigong is better than treating diseases. It also suggested that seasonal changes and ways of life are very important for health. In short, Dongeuibogam Naegyeong Sinhyeong(東醫寶鑑 內景 身形) established the system of Medical Kigong by discribing almost all parts of it, and can be used as one of the basic materials for the study of Korean Medical Kigong.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.12
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• pp.1381-1384
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• 1996

Thymoma Is an anterior mediastinal tumor, arising from the thymus, but occasionally has ectopic focus such as neck, trachea, thyroid, pulmonary hilum, lung parenchyme and pleura. Forty-two year old male patient was admitted due to progressive development of shortness of breath in 4 months. He had a history of exposure to asbestos for About 10 years duration In recent 15 years. Radiologically, multiple pleural masses were seen rom apex to diaphrAgm, with no evidence of anterior mediastinal mass,with fluid in right pleural cavity. Closed thoracotomy drainage with open biopsy were performed. Effusion cell block showed many T cell marker positive Lymphocytes & some epithelial cells compatible with thymoma, and the tissue also showed cortical type thymoma. Pleuropneumonectomy and thymectomy followed by 60 Gy radiation therapy were done and the patient is well 8 months postoperatively. The pleura is markedly thickened by the invasion of thymoma and the interstitial space of the lung tissue,but the normal appearance of thymus was present in remote area (Masaoka classification IVa). We report a case of ectopic invasive thymoma arising from the right pleura with intact thymus.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.155-165
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• 1991

On the treatment of C.V.A, I obtain the results through the bibliographic investigation in the method of Chong-Yol-Sa-Hwa as follows ; 1. The method of Chong-Yol-Sa-Hwa on the treatment of CVA. is used for the occation of flaming fire in the heart caused by fire emotions in excess (五志過極), difficiency of Yin, flaming up of excessive in liver and plegm-heat. 2. The representative symptoms which can be used by the method of Chong-Yol-Sa-Hwa are firerishness, redness on face, foul breath, fidgets, angry, high fever, constipation slimy and greasy yellow coat of the tongue, and the pulse shaped on full-rapid (洪數), tautsmaooth and rapid (弦滑血數). 3. The general prescription on the method of Chong-Yol-Sa-Hwa are Bang pung tong sung-San, Yangkyuk-San, Backho-Tang, Sosiho-Tang, Samhwa-Tang, Chibo-Tan and Woohwang chongsim-Hwan on excessive symptom-complex, Yookmichihwang-Tang-Kakam, Samool-Tang-Kakam and Youngyangkak-Tang on insufficency symptom complex. 4. The most frequently dosed medicinal plants are Seok-ko, Chi-mo, Dae-Hwang, Mang-cho, Hwang-kewm, Hwang-back, Chi-ja, Si-ho, Han-Su-Seok, Yong-Tam-Cho, Mok-Tan-Pi and Saeng-Chi-Hwang. 5. The method of chong-Yol-Sa-Hwa might be expressed good medicinal effects adopted on the symptoms or flaming evil fire (火旺) after awakend and ‘Yang’ occlusion of Chung-Chang-Pu (中臟脈) which is accompanied with the method of purgation, break through the plegm, resuscitate and nourishing the Yin.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.140-151
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• 2014

Objectives: Cold hypersensitivity has been regarded to be associated with digestive function. This study is aims to evaluate the correlation between digestive function and coldness of hands. Methods: We made a research of 80 women who is in ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ University. The patients were subjected to thermometer, and those with thermal difference between upper arm and palm were diagnosed with cold hypersensitivity. The patients were divided into two group by cold hypersensitivity group (n=20), and non-cold hypersensitivity group (n=19), and 39 women are mesured by Nepean dyspepsia index-Korean version (NDI-K) to evaluate the severity of functional dyspepsia. Results: There was no difference between two groups on age, height, weight. In functional dyspepsia symptom score, 6 symptoms (Pain in upper abdomen, Burning in upper abdomen, Cramps in upper abdomen, Pressure in upper abdomen, Vomiting, Bad breath) out of 15 were significantly increased in cold hypersensitivity group compared with non-cold hypersensitivity group. And in quality of life score, 3 domains (Tension/sleep, Interference with daily activities, Knowledge/control) out of 5, and total quality of life score were significantly decreased in cold hypersensitivity group compared with non-cold hypersensitivity group. Conclusions: This study shows the correlation between cold hypersensitivity and digestive function.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.561-566
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• 2018

Field-in-Field Technique is applied to the radiation therapy of breast cancer patients, and it is possible to compensate the difference in breast thickness and deliver uniform dose in the breast. However, there are several fields in the treatment field that result in a more complex dose delivery than a single field dose delivery. If the patient's respiration is irregular during the delivery of the dose by several fields and the change of respiration occurs, the dose distribution in the breast changes. Therefore, based on the computed tomography images of breast cancer patients, a human model was created by using a 3D printer (Builder Extreme 1000) to describe the volume in the same manner. A computerized tomography (CT) of the human body model was performed and a treatment plan of 260 cGy / fx was established using a 6-MV field-in-field technique using a computerized treatment planning system (Eclipse 13.6, Varian, USA). The distribution of the dose in the breast according to the change of the respiration was measured using a moving phantom at 0.1 cm, 0.3 cm, 0.5 cm amplitude, using a MOSOXIDE Silicon Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET, Best Medical, Canada) Were measured and compared. The distribution of dose in the breast according to the change of respiration showed similar value within ${\pm}2%$ in the movement up to 0.3 cm compared to the treatment plan. In this experiment, we found that the dose distribution in the breast due to the change of respiration when the change of respiration was increased was not much different from the treatment plan.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.40-47
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study is to prove the reliability and validity of the Power breath K5 and to compare it with pony FX. Power breathe K5 is one type of device can assess automatically Maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), Peak inspiratory pressure, Peak inspiratory flow (PIF). Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Thirty-five COPD patients participated in the test to investigate for the intra relater reliability and concurrent validity. The tests MIP, Vital capacity (VC), PIF were measured by Powerbreathe K5 and Pony Fx. Data was analyzed by intraclass correlation reliability (ICC) value and a standard error of measurement and Bland-Altman plots for reliability and pearson correlation for validity. Results: Intra rater reliability of the Powerbreathe K5 was very high at MIP (ICC=0.977 95%CI 0.956~0.989, SEM=8.665, MDC=0.295), PIF (ICC=0.966 95%CI 0.933~0.93, SEM=8.665, MDC=0.295), VC (ICC=0.949 95CI 0.902~0.974, SEM=0.042, MDC=0.116). The Powerbreath K5 was significant correlation compared with Pony Fx in assessment for MIP (r=0.971, p<0.05) and vital capacity (r=0.534, p<0.05). Conclusion: In this study, We investigated the clinical usefulness of the Powerbreath K5 in evaulating the MIP, VC and PIF with COPD patients with high reliability and validity.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.19-29
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• 2021

Purpose: To assess parent perspectives of the current and potential future tests for their child with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods: New Zealand parents of a child with IBD were invited to complete an anonymous online survey. Experiences relating to their child's blood or faecal tests, medical imaging (abdominal ultrasound [US], abdominal computerised tomography [CT] and magnetic resonance enterography) and colonoscopy were collected. Perceived attitudes to potential future testing of urine, saliva, and breath, were sought. Results: Twenty-eight parents, 93% female completed the survey, and 86% were aged between 35 and 54 years. Baseline information was provided by parents for 27 of 28 children, 70.3% had Crohn's disease with a mean disease duration of 2.67 years. Blood tests were the most requested and completed tests, while CT was the least ordered and most refused test. Colonoscopy was rated as the least comfortable and generated the most worry. Explanation of test significantly improved parent's levels of understanding when their child had blood, faecal, imaging (US) or colonoscopy tests. Providing an explanation, test invasiveness and the impact of the blood results may have on their child's treatment significantly improved parents' comfort levels. However, explanation of colonoscopy generated a significant parental concerns. Saliva, urine and blood tests were chosen as the most preferred disease monitoring tests. Conclusion: Parents preferred any tests less invasive than colonoscopy for monitoring their child's IBD. Although providing explanation of their child's tests enhanced parents' understanding, it can also affect parents' levels of concern and comfort.

• Journal of the Korean Physical Society
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• v.73 no.10
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• pp.1437-1443
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• 2018

In this work, $SnO_2$ modified with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) separately and combined sensitized by using the co-precipitation method and their sensing behavior toward ethanol vapor at room temperature were investigated. An interdigitated electrode (IDE) gold substrate is very expensive compared to a fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate; hence, we used the latter to reduce the fabrication cost. The structure and the morphology of the studied materials were characterized by using differential thermal analyses (DTA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area and Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) pore size measurements. The studied composites were subjected to ethanol in its gas phase at concentrations from 10 to 200 ppm. The present composites showed high-performance sensitivity for many reasons: the incorporation of $SnO_2$ and CNTs which prevents the agglomeration of rGO sheets, the formation of a 3D mesopourus structure and an increase in the surface area. The decoration with rGO and CNTs led to more active sites, such as vacancies, which increased the adsorption of ethanol gas. In addition, the mesopore structure and the nano size of the $SnO_2$ particles allowed an efficient diffusion of gases to the active sites. Based on these results, the present composites should be considered as efficient and low-cost sensors for alcohol.