• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.51-62
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• 1997

This experiment was done to investigate the antioxidant effect of Ondamtang(ODT) on brain tissues of rats. The experimental groups were divided into three groups and treated as follows for a fifteen days ; Negative control group(NC), Vitamin E admistrated group(PC), ODT administrated Group(ODT). After the extracting microsome from brain of rats, those were measured the amounts of Malondiadehyde and Hydrogen peroxide, then activities of antioxidant enzymes like Superoxide dismutase, Catalase and NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductadse. The results were as follows; 1. In TBA reaction to measure the amount of MDA, oxidant material of brain tissue of rats, the group treated by ODT showed significant decrease. 2. In the formation of Hydrogen peroxide, the group treated by ODT showed no change in comparison with normal group. 3. The activity of SOD in the group treated by ODT showed a little increase in comparison with normal group. 4. The activity of Catalase was increased significantly in the group treated by ODT than normal group. 5. The activity of NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase in the group treated by ODT showed a little increase in comparison with normal group. According to the above results, it is suggested that Ondamtang(ODT) has some antioxidant effects on tissues of brain.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.570-576
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• 2003

스트레스에 의해서 생체는 에너지 대사를 증가시키며, 에너지 대사의 증가는 높은 반응성의 ROS를 생성한다. ROS는 높은 반응성으로 인해 지질, 단백질 등을 과산화시켜 원래의 활성을 잃게 한다. 이런 ROS에 대해서 높은 소거능을 지닌 vitamin I의 투여는 스트레스로 인한 생체내 산화적 손상을 억제할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 이런 효능을 확인하기 위하여 실험용 흰 쥐에게 4주간의 noise 및 고정화 스트레스를 가한 결과, 스트레스를 가함으로서 체중증가량을 감소시켰으며, 스트레스 지표 물질인 5-HIAA와 혈청내 유리 지방산의 증가 및 뇌조직의 산화적 손상이 증가되어 정상적으로 스트레스가 가해졌음을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, vitamin E 투여군의 경우 혈청내에서의 vitamin E 농도가 유의적으로 증가하여 정상적인 vitamin E의 투여도 이루어졌음을 확인하였다. Vitamin E의 투여는 스트레스로 인한 체중 증가량의 감소를 억제하였으며, 또한 뇌조직의 단백질 및 지질의 산화적 손상을 억제하는 효능을 보였으며, SOD의 활성 또한 증가시키는 효능을 나타냈다. 따라서, vitamin E 투여는 스트레스로 인하여 발생하는 뇌조직의 산화적 손상을 억제함으로서 스트레스에 대한 방어 효능이 일부 있는 것으로 생각된다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.53-69
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• 1998

This experiment was done to investigate the effects of GAMIKWYBICHONGTANG(GKCT) on the blood and brain tissues of aged rats. The experimental groups were divided into three groups and treated as follows for ten days before administration of scopolamine ; Non treated group(Normal), Distilled water feeding group (Control), GKCT feeding group(GKCT). After feeding them each, Control and GKCT were injected scopolamine for 5 days.We examined the changes of blood cell(WBC, RBC, platelet), blood serum(BUN, creatinine, glucose, uricacid), erythrocyte hemolysis, the activities of cholinesterase, and measured the amounts of malondialdehyde of the blood serum and checked the activities of catalase, SOD of the brain tissues.The results were as follows;1. GKCT showed significant increase of the number of WBC, but those of RBC and platelet didn't significantly changed in comparison with Control.2. GKCT showed significant decrease of BUN, creatinin, glucose, uric acid in blood serum in comparison with Control.3. Erythrocyte hemolysis were decreased significantly in GKCT in comparison with Control.4. About the activity of cholinesterase of blood serum, GKCT showed no significant increase in comparison with Control.5. In TBA reaction to measure the amount of MDA, oxidant material of blood serum of rats, GKCT showed significant decrease in comparison with Control.6. About the activity of catalase of brain tissue, GKCT showed no significant change in comparison with Control.7. About the activity of SOD of brain tissue, GKCT showed significant increse in comparison with Control.According to the above results, GKCT can reduce the formation of free radical and the accumulation of antioxidant materials, it is suggested that GAMIKWYBICHONGTANG(GKCT) has some effects on antiaging. It is also needed more following studies.

• 대한자기공명의과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한자기공명의과학회 2003년도 제8차 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.22-22
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to compare the detection rate of brain metastasis according to size of nodule between 1.5T and 3.0T MRI 대상 및 방법： We reviewed 44 patients with primary tumors and clinical symptoms suggesting brain metastasis. After administration of double dose gadolinium-DTPA, MR imaging was performed with 3D SPGR sequence by 3.0T MRI and then with T1 SE sequence by 1.5T MRI. Consequently, comparison was done in 1.5T T1 SE sequence and 3.0T 3D SPGR sequence. With use of the signal intensity (SI) measurements in the metastatic nodules and adjacent tissue, metastatic nodule-to-adjacent tissue SI ratio were calculated. In each patient, the number of metastatic lesions detected in 1.5T and 3.0T, and their size were assessed qualitatively by three blinded readers.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.1795-1804
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• 2004

This research investigated the effect of the Chaenomelis fructus(CMF) on Alzheimer's disease. The effects of the CMF extract on the behavior in the Morris water maze experiment; the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, ROS on the microglial cell; IL-1β mRNA, TNF-α mRNA, CD68/GFAP and MDA on the brain tissue; the infarction area of the hippocampus, and brain tissue injury in the mice with Alzheimer's disease induced by βA were investigated. The CMF extract group showed a significant inhibitory effect on the memory deficit on the mice with Alzheimer's disease induced by βA in the Morris water maze experiment. The CMF extract group suppressed the over-expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-1β and TNF-α mRNA, ROS, MDA, CD68/GFAP in the mice with Alzheimer's disease induced by βA. The CMF extract reduced the infarction area of hippocampus, and controlled the injury of brain tissue in the mice with Alzheimer's disease induced by [3A. This study suggest that CMF may be effective for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.2767-2773
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• 2016

Human glioma, arising from glial cells of the central nervous system, accounts for almost 30%of all brain tumours, neoplasms with a poor prognosis and high mortality rates worldwide. In the present study we assessed tissue architectural modifications associated with macrophage lineage cells, controversial major immune effector cells within the brain, in human glioma tissue samples from eastern India. Ethically cleared post-operative human glioma samples from our collaborative neurosurgery unit with respective CT/MRI and patient history were collected from the Nodal Centre of Neurosciences in Kolkata, over 9 months. Along with conventional histopathology, samples were subjected to silver-gold staining and fluorescence tagged immunophenotyping for the detection of electron dense brain macrophage/microglia cells in glioma tissue, followed by immune-phenotyping of cells. With higher grades, CD11b+/Iba-1+ macrophage/microglia architecture with de-structured boundaries of glioma lesions indicated malfunction and invasive effector state. Present study documented a contribution of microglia to glioma progression in Eastern India.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.83-88
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• 2004

Galectin family, endogenous ${\beta}$-galactoside-binding animal lectins, is known for the role in cell differentiation, morphogenesis, apoptosis and tumorigenesis. Galectin-3, one of family member, has been studied for its role in cell differentiation and tumor metastasis, and for its expression on epithelial cells of colon and mast cells but not in brain. Several reports, however, suggest its expression in brain including as a prion binding protein. In this report we explored possibility of galectin-3 expression in brain tissue. With Western blot and RT-PCR with rat brain tissues, we could detect galectin-3 that was not shown by conventional immunohistochemistry. Our results indicated galectin-3 was expressed in brain, and substantiate the previous report on galecin-3 as a prion-related protein in brain.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.169-176
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• 2015

생체 조직에 대한 물리적 특성은 생체공학의 주된 관심사다. 특히 뇌 조직과 같은 매우 무른 생체 조직의 특성은 아직까지 정확히 밝혀지지 않고 있는 실정이다. 이는 윤리적, 사회적인 문제로 실험이 매우 제한적이고 어렵기 때문이다. 하지만 의료 응용분야에서의 로봇 수술이 발달함에 따라 이런 매우 무른 조직에 대한 정확한 특성이 요구되어지고 있는 실정이다. 이에 본 논문에서는 뇌 조직과 유사한 거동을 보이는 젤라틴으로 시편을 제작하여 기존연구와 비교하고 유사한 거동을 보이는 시편 제작조건을 찾아내고 이 조건으로 만들어진 시편을 이용하여 반복적인 실험을 실시하였다. 이렇게 얻어진 실험 데이터를 이용하여 초탄성 모델에 적용시켜 재료 상수들을 찾고 이를 FE 해석에 적용시켜 실험데이터와 비교하여 일치함을 보였다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.31-42
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• 1995

This study was to investigate the effects of dietary linoleic acid(18:2\omega6, LA) and aipha-linolenic acid(18:3\omega3. \alpha-LNA) levels on brain development and fatty acid compositions of various lipid classes in the chicken embryo brain tissues. Thirty two ISA Brown layers, 52 weeks-old, were divided into four groups. Birds of each group were given corn-soybean meal based diets added with 1) safflower oil 8%, 2) safflower oil 6% + perilla oil 2%, 3) safflower oil 2% + perilla oil 6%, or 4) perilla oil 8%. Mter 15 days fed the diets. the layers were artificially inseminated to obtain fertile eggs. During the incubation. embryonic brains were sampled at 15th and 21st days. Fatty acid contents were quantitated by using heptadecanoic acid (17:0) as an internal standard. No significant differences in brain weight and in contents of various lipids such as phospholipid. triglyceride, cholesterol. cholesterol ester and free fatty acid in the tissues were found among the dietary groups (P<0.05). The ratios of AA/LA in the brain lipid classes were lowered as the dietary levels of perilla oil were increased. Higher LA was found in phosphatidylcholine(PC) than arachidonic acid (20:4\omega6. AA), meanwhile the level of LA was less than AA in phosphatidylethanolamine(PE). Docosahexaenoic acid(22:6\omega3, DHA) was the* major fatty acid in the tissue and its content in PE was 2.5~3 times higher than in PC. DHA level in the phospholipid reached at a peak (1.7~1.8 mg/brain) in dietary groups added with 6% or 8% perilla oil. suggesting that no more increase in that fatty acid level in the brain tissue could be obtained by consuming more \alpha-LNA, the major precursor of DHA.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.195-201
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• 2011

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been implicated in tissue development and re-modeling. Dynamic morphological changes of tooth germs reflect involvement of these enzymes during odontogenesis. The present study was performed to investigate expression and localization of MMP-2 and MMP-9, which have been known to have type IV collagenase activities, in rat tooth germs at different developmental stages. MMP-2 expression was increased gradually in the tooth germs from cap to crown staged germs at both transcription and translation levels. The localization of this molecule was detected in secretory ameloblasts and preameloblasts. The strong immunoreactivities were occasionally seen along the basement membrane between ameloblasts (or preameloblasts) and odontoblasts (preodontoblasts). However, weak reactivity was detected in odontoblasts and reduced enamel epithelium. The level of MMP-9 expression in the tooth germs was higher in cap stage than in crown staged germs at both transcription and translation levels. They were strongly expressed in both ameloblasts and odontoblasts. Even though reduced enamel epithelium after enamel formation and inner enamel epithelium at the cap stage exhibited weak reactivity, strong reactivity was detected in dental follicles and perifollicular tissues surrounding cap staged germs. These results suggested that MMP-2 may involve degradation of the basement membrane during hard tissue formation, whereas MMP-9 might be involved in remodeling of follicular tissues.