• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.232-251
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• 2008

Purpose: Obesity is already a major clinical problem in Korea, so obesity prevention and treatment practices are gradually interested in Korean Medicine doctors. Moreover subjective body shape image entered as a important medical topic recently. To make a graph system for clinical tool which based on the Korean national standard physical scale in 30yrs Korean women. Methods: Physical data of the girth of upper arm, abdomen, hip, buttock, flank, calf, and body weight were statistically analyzed, which collected through the fifth national standard physical scale research. And then reviewed those statistical validation. Results: Relationship of the each body scale data and those graphs were fit and right statistically. Conclusion: These new achieved graph system of Korean standard body scales could be adopt as a useful clinical tool for body image related patients such as obesity, PCOD and postpartum patient in 30yrs Korean women.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.322-328
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• 2008

This study examined Korean college women's perceptions of their body image, ideal body, and body satisfaction. Five research questions assessed participants: 1) self-defined image, 2) ideal body image, 3) body dissatisfaction, 4) body satisfaction, and 5) perceptions of their friends' weight concerns. A convenience sample of 101 female college students participated in the study. Respondents' average age is 20.78, ranging from 18 to 36 years. Two approaches were used to define Korean college women's body image and body satisfaction: A scale of illustration showing nine females' body drawing, and a verbal scale for the satisfaction with body image. The findings revealed that Korean college women pursue "thinness." Although they were somewhat happy with their height, the development of their figure, and their overall good looks, they were significantly dissatisfied with their weight. These results indicate that Korean college women would benefit from positive body image education.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.364-368
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate effects of psychological factors on Schroth exercise and Pilates exercise to female high school students with idiopathic scoliosis. Methods: Sixteen subjects with over 20 of Cobb's angle were randomly divided into Schroth exercise group (SEG, n=8) and Pilates exercise group (PEG, n=8). Both training programs were carried out 3 day a week for 12 weeks. Psychological factors were measured using depression scale, self esteem scale and body esteem scale. Results: Both groups showed significant differences in depression scale, self esteem scale and body esteem scale. Schroth exercise group showed greater improvement than Pilates group. Conclusion: Having correct body image affects psychological factors to growing students. Schroth exercise is more effective method to physical and psychological approach of idiopathic scoliosis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.47-48
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• 2011

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.1101-1108
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate whether whole body cryotherapy and spinal decompression have effectiveness on the pain, lumbar flexion range of motion, and global perceived effect scale in patients with lumbar disc herniation. Thirty subjects were participated in this study. And they were all randomly divided into whole body cryotherapy and spinal decompression group. To evaluate the effects of whole body cryotherapy and spinal decompression, subjects were evaluated by using visual analogue scale, lumbar flexion range of motion, and global perceived effect scale. The assessment parameters were evaluated before, after 2 weeks treatments. And we received a consent form whole body cryotherapy subjects. The results of paired t-test, independent t-test, and ANCOVA analysis of variance showed that pain, lumbar flexion range of motion, global perceived effect scale were significantly improved after than before therapy in whole body cryotherapy group. So we conclude that whole body cryotherapy has effectiveness on the pain, lumbar flexion range of motion, and global perceived effect scale in patients with lumbar disc herniation.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 1986

The purpose of this study was to measure the body cathexis and clothing satisfaction sccording to the level of age, job, and total monthly income and to investigate the relationship between body cathexis and clothing satisfaction of married women. 43 items of body parts and body functions were selected to measure body cathexis from Secord and jourard body Cathexis scale. A nd 56 items of Mclean's Clothing Satisfac tion scale were used for clothing satisfaction. The questionnaires were administered to 384 mothers in Jeonbug province. 3-way ANOVA and Newman-Keuls test were used for group difference. Pearson's Correlation Coefficients, Partial Correlation Coefficients, Standard Deviation, and Mean were calculated. RESULTS : 1. Body cathexis of married women showed asignificant difference according to age. 2. Clothing satisfaction of married women showed a significant difference to the interaction of age, job, and total monthly income. The elder and higher income group without job had the highest clothing satisfaction scores than any other group. 3. Positive correlations were found among body cathexis, clothing satisfaction, and 6 subscales of clothing satisfaction.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

Objective : To translate and adapt the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale into Korean and validate the Korean version of the social appearance anxiety scale, which measures the fear and anxiety about being negatively evaluated by others based on one's overall appearance, including body shape. Methods : For item translation and adaptation, six bilingual translators participated in the process of forward-adaptation and back-adaptation. Data were collected from undergraduate students. The sample size is 105 for Study 1 and 212 for Study 2. Classical item discrimination and difficulty analyses, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and reliability analysis were performed. Results : A unidimensional structure was found with a high internal consistency (Cronbach's α=0.95) and a high test-retest reliability (r=0.918). In addition, the concurrent validity was examined by correlations of the scale and several other scales measuring constructs related to social appearance anxiety. Conclusion : K-SAAS appears to be a reliable and valid scale for screening and assessing social appearance anxiety.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.139-149
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• 1999

In this paper, we estimate the scale factor error and random walk characteristics of the ring laser gyro which has the body dither for Lock-in compensation. And then, we compared those results with the static test results for 28cm square ring laser gyro which has about 0.5 deg/sec static Lock-in. In the case of sinusoidal body dither, dynamic Lock-in occurs periodically at the points where the gyro output pulse becomes the integer multiples of body dither frequency. The width of dynamic Lock-in is changed by variation of dither amplitude, and, between the width of dynamic Lock-in which occurs at the even multiple points of body dither frequency and that at the odd muliple points of body dither frequency, it has 180o phase difference. Generally random body dither is adopted to compensate for dynamic Lock-in. Then if the irregularity is not large enough, the scale factor error by dynamic Lock-in is not vanished. And if the irregularity is large enough, the scale factor error decreases, but random walk becomes larger relatively. And we confirmed that the larger body dither amplitude, the smaller random walk.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.147-153
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• 2005

The purpose of this study were to compare the differences of isometric lumber extension strength and subjective pain degrees between obesity patients group and normal body fat group in disc surgical operated patients. The research purposed to indicate how isometric lumbar extension exercise for 12 weeks affected to lumbar strength and visual analogue scale of patients suffered by chronic back pain. The subjects were 65 low back pain patients(male 30, female 35)who had disease on lumbar in W hospital. The lumbar extension strength was measured at seven degrees of angles, which were $0^{\circ}$ $12^{\circ}$ $24^{\circ}$ $36^{\circ}$ $48^{\circ}$ $60^{\circ}$ and $72^{\circ}$ before and after the exercise program. We got the results of subjective pain degree using the modified visual analogue scale(VAS) of Lawlis et al(1989) and measured the maximal isometric lumbar strength of all subjects using MedX lumbar extension machine. Results were as follows; After the exercise, the lumbar extension strength of normal body fat patients groups included males and female were greater than that of the obesity patients groups in all angles(p<.05). The visual analogue scale of chronic back pain patients was decreased significantly after the exercise(p<.05). The results showed the significance between the lumbar extension strength and the visual analogue scale of chronic back pain patients and showed that the isometric lumbar extension exercise decreased the subjective pain degrees of visual analogue scale with and increased lumbar extension strength. The correlation between the visual analogue scale and the %body fat of chronic back pain patients was no significant after exercise. Therefore, the lumbar extension strength exercise is needed for improvement of back strength, decrease of %body fat.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.66-74
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• 1971

The general morphological characteristics of scales on the body surface in Cyprininae fishes can be summarized as follows: 1) The lentic and lotic habitats have no relation to the phase of scales. 2) The scales in the anterior body parts have transverse diameters longer than their longi-tudinal diameters: in the posterior body parts, the opposite holds true. 3) The scales having the largest diameters, both longitudinal and transverse, are the lateral line scales. 4) The position of the focus on each scale move posteriorly as the scale grows. In other words, the forward growth of the scales exceeds the backward. 5) The number of ridges in each scale is in proportion to longitudinal diameter. 6) In Cyprinus, the scales on the middle part of the body surface have more grooves than those on the other parts. All scales on this species commonly show incompleted grooves on the anterior and posterior areas, but the lateral area lacks grooves entirely. 7) In Carassius, there are more completed grooves than incompleted grooves. All grooves are arranged in radial patterns on the scales.