• International Journal of Automotive Technology
• /
• v.8 no.5
• /
• pp.629-636
• /
• 2007

This paper describes the process of analyzing vehicle stiffness in terms of frequency band in order to improve vehicle handling. Vehicle handling and ride comfort are highly related to the systems such as suspension, seat, steering, and the car body design. In existing analytical processes, the resonance frequency of a car body is designed to be greater than 25 Hz in order to increase the stiffness of the body against idle vibration. This paper introduces a method for using a band with a frequency lower than 20 Hz to analyze how stiffness affects vehicle handling. Accordingly, static stiffness analysis of a 1g cornering force was conducted to minimize the deformation of vehicle components derived from a load on parts attached to the suspension. In addition, this technology is capable of achieving better performance than older technology. Analysis of how body attachment stiffness affects the dynamic stiffness of a bushing in the attachment parts of the suspension is expected to lead to improvements with respect to vehicle handling and road noise. The process of developing a car body with a high degree of stiffness, which was accomplished in the preliminary stage of this study, confirms the possibility of improving the stability performance and of designing a lightweight prototype car. These improvements can reduce the time needed to develop better vehicles.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.37
• /
• pp.163-180
• /
• 1998

In western clothing, woman's body was port-rayed sexually as the distinction of sex was appeared, and the parts of body contain some kind of symbol of sex. Woman's body was diversly accentuated according to the divers ideal beauty concepts pursuits in the different periods. Today, in a Post-industrial Society whose social structure is very divers and complicated, the interpretation of woman's body reveals so various as the complex social structure. The purpose of this study is to comprehend the various interpretations of woman's body in the contemporary clothing. The concrete purposes of this study is as follows. First, this study is to define the concept of natural body and built body by differentiating the parts of body and searching for the sexual symbols accentuated in the western clothing. Second this study aims to review, the histori-cal process of prejudged distinction of sex in the western clothing, and to analyse the con-temporary sociocultural which forced to change this prejudged distinction of sex. Third, on the bases of this analses, this study also aims to present various interpretation on divers aspects of woman's body portrayed in the contemporary clothing. The interpretation of woman's body in the contemporary clothing were as follow. First, it is a body interpreted as a natural and neutral body which is based not so much on prejudged division of sex as on the expression of the body structure. And, it is a decomposed and recomposed body which is based on plastic principles. This body is portrayed by a layer-ing and wrapping which interrogated such traditional symbols of western clothing as collar, sleeve or trousers, skirt, etc. Second, it is a sexually symbolized body. This body is display-ed by exposure or sexual accentuation in the clothing. To conclude, a body interpreted in the contemporary clothing is no more a body accentuated by division of sex, but a body which per-mits indefinite hypotheses and interpretations under synthetic imagination.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.220-230
• /
• 2019

The Fourth Industrial Revolution has increased studies on observing the cross section by overlapping the clothing worn using 3D human body data. However, there is a lack of studies on the effect of pressure clothing that contracts the shape of the human body. Therefore, this study objectively evaluated the shaping functionality of body shapers using 3D scan and 3D data. Two types of commercial body shapers were selected for this study. The nude body and body wearing body shapers were then scanned. A 3D program evaluated the shaping functionality by overlapping the nude state with the body wearing body shaper A and B respectively. As a result, it was found that the effect of body shapers could be adequately observed according to body parts. The smaller body shaper was shown to have superior shaping capability with the abdomen more affected. Analysis of the horizontal cross section indicated that the waist circumference decreased by 6 cm when wearing body shaper A and decreased by 12cm when wearing body shaper B. The volume of the waist part decreased by 8.6% when wearing body shaper A and by 20.4% when wearing body shaper B. Therefore, it is more effective to compare the objective shaping functionality by body parts using the overlapped 3D scanned data rather than using exterior evaluation or length measurement when wearing clothing that contracts the body shape.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.121-131
• /
• 1997

This study was to design the clean room garment which fits for a body and adjusts well to the action. We examined the body's changes in action through a body measurment and made a sample of the clean room garment to which had adapted the body's changes in action and evaluated the function and the appearance compared with the existing the clean room garment. The followings were summery of the results : 1. Back intersyce breadth decreased, trunk length increased and the other parts were not change. At a posture of raising hands($M_3$) in comparison with an upright posture($M_0$). Back intersyce breadth, hip length and knee length increased and the other parts were a little change. At a bowing posture($M_2$) in comparison with an upright posture($M_0$). Back hip girth, knee length, hip length and leg length increased and the other parts were not change. At a working posture on a chair($M_1$) in comparison with an upright posture($M_0$). 2. The overall clean room garment was made increasing on the changes of part of a body through measuring and body measurement. 3. From the test of the function, it became known that the devised clean room garment was superior to the existing one in the parts of neck, shoulder, armpit and elbow at a working posture on a chair($M_1$), in the parts of neck, shoulder, and armpit at a bowing posture($M_2$), and the armpit at a posture of raising hands($M_3$). The appearance was better on the whole. 4. From the examination of photographs, the waist line of the devised clean room garment was not so much pulled up as that of the existing one on moving. And when sitting down on a chair, the waist line of the existing one was pulled down while that of the devised one had no change. As above, we investigated the actual conditions of wearing the clean room garment and measured the body's changes according the various actions. So we applied these results to the devised clean room garment but we couldn't research the clean mom effect of it owing to not obtaining the measuring instrument. The aspect of ergonomics liked the feeling of wearing and fitted to the action must be given consideration to the clean room garment, and simultaneously the dust-resistant effect must be taken into consideration in order to improve the quality of the goods. Therefore, we think it should be continued the research on the dust-resistant effect, material, washing method, quality control, and size along with the aspect of ergonomics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.67 no.3
• /
• pp.81-98
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study is to provide basic information for the development of pants patterns with a high level of fit and comfort through calculating surface variations of lower body parts by movement, grouping them into factors, and analyzing how their surface variations link to one another. The achieved results will help determine essential elements for constructing pants patterns, such as key measurements of lower body parts, the amount of ease values and selection of fabrics, which should be taken into consideration for allowing better movement in clothing. The study required lower body 3D scanning of women for analysis, and 13 women between the ages of 20-24 participated in the scanning, which was done by using Artec Eva 3D scanner. Their scanned data were digitalized and converted to measure the values of their lower body surface length and girth in pre-determined positions such as walking, stair climbing and sitting on a chair. These measurements have been statistically analyzed through SPSS 21.0 to obtain the average amounts and rates of extension for each of the measurement item. Some of the highlighted study results are as follows: The surface length and girth measurements were grouped into 4 factors based on their average extension rates. The results from correlation analysis between measurement items within each factor demonstrated that common items linked to all the changes in the values of other items in the three movements. But in most cases, items were not always correlated with each other for different movements. The results also showed that there were correlations between girth measurements, length measurements, and girth and length measurements. Therefore, key measurements for daily pants should be determined within reasonable estimations between relevant measurement items, while the measurements for work pants, which often withstand certain postures or repetitive movements, may require measurement items that are appro priate for, and closely related to, certain movements or tasks.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.35 no.9
• /
• pp.1039-1048
• /
• 2011

This research develops a basic design structure for scuba diving wetsuits suitable for the shape of Korean men in their 30's as well as enhances the reduction rate for underwater activity. The clothing pressure and fitness tests were performed using four different types of body suits. The usable data of the tests were coded for further statistical analysis that includes one way-ANOVA test and S-N-K Multiple Range Test by using SPSSWIN 17.0. An analysis of the results shows: (1) The results of the clothing pressure test (using a dummy) indicated that the larger the reduction rate, the stronger the clothing pressure gets (with an exception on the knee area). It has great impact on clothing pressure with regards to the different body parts. The different reduction rates should be applied to body parts accordingly. (2) In the case of test subjects, the overall mean values of the clothing pressure were lower than the ones with the dummy (attributable to the cushion function of body skin and muscle as well as the high stretch of the fabric). (3) In evaluating the subjective fit test of four types of body suits, a statistically significant difference was found in the relation between pattern reduction rates and all parts of the body. It was revealed that the reduction rate of 'B' pattern (X: 4%, Y: 3%) was the most suitable pattern and the 'B' pattern scored highest in the motion functional fit test performed by a test subject.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
• /
• 2000.06a
• /
• pp.1699-1703
• /
• 2000

While the booming occurs in a cabin, the powertrain and subframes which are the main sources and paths of the booming, show the rigid body motions. This paper presents a technique to predict the booming noise in a car using the rigid body information of the important parts. The rigid body information comes from the CAD data, from which we can predict the response of the complex system. Since the mechanism of this technique is very similar to the finite element formulation, we can apply it to the complex system with ease.

• Journal of Drive and Control
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.23-29
• /
• 2021

Hydrogen energy is the clean energy source of the future. Ultra-high-pressure hydrogen is used in hydrogen stations, with its parts being developed. On the other hand, ultra-high-pressure ball valve, which is one of its parts, depends on overseas, with the level of domestic research on this being only about 10% of advanced technology research on this abroad. In this study, the shape of an ultra-high-pressure ball valve for a hydrogen station was designed to improve its structural strength. The valve body was designed according to distance between both processed body holes along inlet and outlet ports. The designed vale body was then analyzed using ANSYS to check whether points with stress were concentrated. In addition, the valve with improved body was analyzed to confirm that the valve satisfied the design condition.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.33 no.8
• /
• pp.1306-1314
• /
• 2009

This study investigates the progress of obesity in men from childhood to adulthood, by analyzing the measurement references from the 5th Size Korea. It also seeks to analyze the characteristics of obese figures through the comparison of body proportions to normal-weight people, to provide a basic reference for the development of new size categories and improved pattern grading. The age range is divided into three groups: children (2-7), teenagers (13-18), and adults (19-39). The results of research into the characteristics of body proportions of obese figures and the classification of different figure groups of obese people are as follows. The ratio between width and circumference for each part of the body was investigated according to body weight that was grouped into three different categories of low, normal, and obese body weights. The result demonstrated that in all the ranges of age, the obese groups had the lowest ratio between width and circumference in having a thick body shape. According to the results that compared the ratio of the circumference of each body part divided by the waist circumference, the obese group showed a low ratio that indicates that they have a bigger waist circumference than other parts of the body. Two factors are identified as contributing to obesity in analyzing the ratio of the circumference of body parts divided by waist circumference. Using the factor loadings of the upper and lower body obesity, a cluster analysis was carried out and three different categories of obesity were defined; lower body obesity, abdominal obesity, and upper body obesity. The obese groups of children and teenagers were mostly in body shape with lower obesity and abdominal obesity, whereas the adults group showed the obesity present in the upper body obesity that have fewer cases in lower body obesity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.56 no.9 s.109
• /
• pp.66-82
• /
• 2006

Clothes and human body are inseparably related. Aesthetic consciousness of the body determines the form of clothing, reflecting the time and culture as well as the individual and society. Clothes can even reorganize the meaning of the body, while transcending their instrumental functions of protecting, expanding and deforming the body. Using 'body' to analyze the clothing form, my study develops a framework by which to classify the representation of the body in fashion focusing on the representation of physicality. In order to inquire the formative style and aesthetic values expressed in representing body in fashion, my study examines subjects from the 14th century European costumes to fashion collections of the 20th century. In fashion, representation of the body is visually analogous to the ideal boily shape and structure, including a realistic presentation of the body as well as reflection of aesthetic ideals. Manipulation of physicality entails the reconstruction of the ideal body image through the clothes that modify physicality into unnatural body. Ruff collar, gigot sleeve, crinoline, bustle, stomacher, and corset were all used to materialize the fictitious curves symbolizing femininity, authority, healthiness, maternity, virginity, socioeconomic status, and fertility. Accentuating specific clothing parts represents emphasizing the symbolism of the correspondent body parts. Consequently, in this phase signifiant is $signifi\'{e}$. Aesthetic ideal of the body is visualized in the firm of a dress. Fashion continues to explore forms and images that transcend the traditional representations of the clothed body. As a type of intimate architecture, fashion always mediates the dialogue between clothes and body, or fashion and figure. My study suggests a framework to analyze bodily representation in fashion, focusing on the relationship between the clothes and body.