• Title/Summary/Keyword: body dipping method

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Selection of Low Toxic Pesticides to Microplites mediator (큰밤고치벌(Microplites mediator)에 대한 저독성 약제 선발)

  • Choi, Byeong-Ryeol;Kwon, Min;Lee, Si-Woo;Park, Hyung-Man
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.177-183
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    • 2008
  • For the development of integrated pest management system by harmonizing biological and chemical control, some experiments were carried out to select low toxic pesticides against natural enemies. Leaf dipping method, body dipping method, and diet treatment method were used for the toxicity evaluation against Microplites mediator adults. We tested 49 different pesticides (34 insecticides, 11 fungicides, 4 herbicides) at recommending concentration commonly used to control insect pests, disease and up-land weeds in chinese cabbage field. 16 insecticides, 11 fungicides, and 4 herbicides were shown to be low toxic to Microplites mediator adults in the treatment of body dipping.

Selection of Low Toxic Pesticides and Residual Toxicity to Cotesia glomerata (배추나비고치벌 (Cotesia glomerata)에 대한 저독성 약제 및 잔류독성)

  • Choi, Byeong-Ryeol;Lee, Si-Woo;Park, Hyung-Man
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.46 no.2
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    • pp.251-259
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    • 2007
  • For the development of integrated pest management system by harmonizing biological and chemical control, some experiments wee carried out to select low toxic pesticides against natural enemies. and their residual toxicity were evaluated. Leaf dipping method, body dipping method, and diet treatment method were set up for the toxicity evaluation against Cotesia glomerata adults. We had tested 46 different pesticides (31 insecticides, 11 fungicides, 4 herbicides) at recommending concentration commonly used to control diamond back moth, disease and up-land weeds in chinese cabbage field. Twenty three insecticides, eleven fungicides, and four herbicides were shown to be low toxic to C. glomerata adults in the treatment of body dipping. After insecticide spraying at recommending dose on the chinese cabbage, we examined residual effect of insecticides by introducing natural enemies on different days. Safety interval for the introduction of C. glomerata adults was established according to the residual toxicity of pesticides. Safe insecticides for the introduction of C. glomerata adults at one day after treatment (DAT) were thiacloprid, acephate, chlorfenapyr, clothianidin and at 3 DAT were imidacloprid, deltamethrin, thiamethoxam, dimethylvinphos, emamectin benzoate.

Analyses of Dipole-Dipole IP Responses over Dipping Structures (경사구조에 대한 쌍극자 IP 응답의 해석)

  • Kim, Hee Joon
    • Economic and Environmental Geology
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.49-55
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    • 1984
  • This paper describes three-dimensional (3-D) standard curves for conductive dipping buried bodies in induced polarization (IP) method. Dipole-dipole IP responses for the dipping bodies are calculated by the numerical modeling technique using an integral equation solution. Dip angles of the bodies are 0, 20, 45, 70 and 90 degrees, respectively. The horizontal (0-degree dip) and vertical (90-degree dip) bodies produce symmetrical patterns of IP responses. The dipping bodies of 20, 45 and 70 degrees, however, produce asymmertical patterns, with the highest IP contours dipping in the direction opposite to the bodies in pseudo-sections. The most remarkable asymmetrical pattern appears in the model of 20-degree dip. It is difficult to distinguish the body of 70-degree dip from that of 90-degree dip on the basis of dipole-dipole IP data. The IP pattern in pseudo-sections varies when the line moves away from the center of the body along strike, with the anomaly deeper and smaller in amplitude. IP maps seem to be more useful than IP pseudo-sections in predicting the location of target.

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Effect of Microbial Control on Alfalfa Sprout Vegetable by Depending on Sanitization Method in Kindergarten Foodservice (유치원 급식으로 이용되는 알팔파 새싹채소의 소독방법에 따른 미생물제어 효과)

  • Woo, Suhee
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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    • v.4 no.4
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    • pp.109-117
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    • 2016
  • Purpose : This study was designed to provide basic data of effective sanitization method of sprout vegetable for microbiological safety. Methods : Sanitization treatments were performed by dipping the sprout into chlorine and vinegar water. Microbial analysis were composed of the total plate count(TPC) and coliform group count(CGC). Result : Among chlorine water sanitization, the microbial reduction was largest in 100ppm chlorine water, and its TPC and coliform group count decreased to 6.01 log CFU/g and 5.06 log CFU/g. The effective dipping time in 100ppm chlorine water treatment was 5.97 log CFU/g and 5.91 log CFU/g for 30min and 60min, in which TPC were below the microbiological safety limits of 6.00 log CFU/g. Coliform group counts were decreased to 5.44, 5.46, 5.42 log CFU/g in the dipping the spouts for 30min, 60min and 90min. As a result of sanitizing alfalfa spout by vinegar water, a microbial counts tended to decrease with increasing concentration and the dipping time. The effective concentration of vinegar water was 2% for TPC(6.00 log CFU/g) and 1% for coliform group count(5.20 log CFU/g). With 1% vinegar water treatment, TPC became below the microbiological safety limits in all samples and in particular, the sample treated for 60min and 90min(4.93, 4.54 log CFU/g). While coliform group counts were decreased to 3.91 log CFU/g in the dipping the sprouts for 90min, those were still beyond the permitted limit. Conclusion : To secure the food safety of food service facilities including kindergarten feeding, it is considered that along with the systematic study of effective disinfection method for microbiological control at the preconditioning level of spout vegetable within the range of secured maleficence to human body, and the study regarding the measures to lower the initial microbiological pollution of spout vegetable.

Evaluation of Low Toxic and Residual Toxicity of Pesticides Registrated on Sweet Pepper Greenhouse to Orius strigicollis (으뜸애꽃노린재 성충에 대한 착색단고추에 등록된 농약의 저독성 및 잔류독성 평가)

  • Choi, Byeong-Ryeol;Park, Hyung-Man;Kim, Jeong-Hwan;Lee, Si-Woo
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.46 no.3
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    • pp.415-423
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    • 2007
  • For the development of integrated pest management system by harmonizing biological and chemical control, some experiments were carried out to select low toxic pesticides and to evaluate residual toxicity to natural enemies. Leaf dipping method and body dipping method were set up for evaluating toxicity to minute pirate bug, Orius strigicollis adult. We had tested 52 kinds of pesticides (33 insecticides, 19 fungicides) commonly used to control greenhouse insects, mites, and disease pests to natural enemies at the recommended concentration. Fourteen insecticides by body dipping method, 12 insecticides by leaf dipping method and 19 fungicides were selected as low toxic pesticides to O. strigicollis adult. After insecticide spraying at recommending dose on the sweet pepper plant, we examined residual effect of insecticides by introducing natural enemies on different days. Safety interval for introduction of O. strigicollis adult was established according to residual toxicity of pesticides. Safety insecticides at one day after treatment were pyraclofos, methomyl, thiodicarb, esfenvalerate bifenthrin, alpha-cypermethrin, etofenprox, fenvalerate, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, abamectin, emamectin benzoate, spinosad, indoxacarb. However, residual toxicity of nee-nicotinoids last up to 21 days to O. strigicollis adults.

A Study on the Effect of Residual Stress between Body and Glaze of Pottery on the Mechanical Strength (도자기 소지와 유약의 잔류 응력이 기계적 강도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Jin-Ha;Na, Eun-Sang;Choe, Seong-Cheol
    • Korean Journal of Materials Research
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.181-187
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    • 1999
  • In this study, the effect of residual stress on mechanical strength was investigated with 1 kind of whiteware body and 4 kinds of glazes which are produced in succeeding ceramic art place. Using dipping method, the body was coated for different times in order to manipulate the coating thickness and sintered in the different temperatures ($1200^{\circ}C$, $1250^{\circ}C$, $1300^{\circ}C$, $1350^{\circ}C$) for two thus hours. The sintered bodies were characterized by XRD, EPMA, FEM and UTM in order to study the forming of reaction layer between body and glazes, residual stresses and the effects of residual stresses on mechanical strength of pottery. At $1300{\circ}C$, we obtained maximum density and mechanical strength. By the finite element method, the residual stresses in surface of body were minimum in specific thickness of glazes and the mechanical strength of body in that thickness of glazes showed maximum when the firing temperature was settled.

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Selection of Insecticides for Controlling Chestnut Curculio (Curculio sikkimensis) (밤바구미 방제를 위한 살충제의 탐색)

  • Kim, Young-Jae;Han, Jong-Been;Seo, Dong-Kyu;Kim, Yeon-Tae;Park, Byeong-Kyu;Choi, Kwang-Sik;Kim, Chul-Su;Shin, Sang-Chul;Lee, Sang-Gil;Kim, Gil-Hah
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.347-352
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    • 2004
  • Susceptibility of Curculio sikkimensis adults to 39 commercial insecticides were evaluated by body dipping method, Among them sixteen insecticides of chlorpyrifos, fenitrothion, fiponil, phenthoate, benfuracarb, thiodicaib, carbosulfan, bifenthrin, cypermethrin, $\lambda$-cyhalothrin, deltamethrin, clothianidin, acetamiprid+diflubenzuron, etofenpox+diazinon, esfenvalerate+fenitrothion and furathiocarb +diflubenzuron showed 100% mortality. Insecticides with over 80% residual effect at 1 day after treatment were phenthoate, benfuracarb and thiodicarb (95.0, 82.5, and 85.0%, respectively). However, after that, it was dropped rapidly. Other insecticides showed low residual effect. In the control efficacy test on C. sikkimensis, insecticides with over 90% control values at 1 day after treatment were phenthoate, thiodicarb, fipronil, acetamiprid+bifenthrin and furathiocarb+diflubenzuron. However, all insecticides from 2 days after treatment were over 90%.

Residues of ampicillin in blood of cultured olive flounder by oral, injection and dipping administration (Ampicillin의 경구, 주사 및 약욕 투약에 따른 넙치 혈액에서의 잔류량 변화)

  • Jung, Sung Hee;Seo, Jung Soo;Park, Myoung Ae
    • Journal of fish pathology
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.211-219
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    • 2012
  • The residue levels of ampicillin (AM) in cultured olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus (average 300g) at $20{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$ were studied by oral, intramuscular and dipping administration (routes). The concentrations of AM in the plasma were determined by HPLC-UV detector. The average recoveries of AM in spiked samples between 0.01~10 ppm were ranging from 84.45% to 91.26% for plasma. The limit of detection for AM was 0.05 ppm by using this method. Plasma concentrations of AM were determined after oral dosage (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg body weight), intramuscular injection (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg body weight) and dipping (10, 20 and 40 ppm; 1 h). Samples were taken at 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 24, 30, 48, 96, 144, 216, 264 and 360 h post-administration. In oral dosage of 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg, it's peak concentrations were $3.62{\pm}0.97$, $5.20{\pm}0.70$ and $11.18{\pm}0.87{\mu}g/ml$, respectively at 10 h post-administration, but AM was not measurable at 144, 360 and 360 h post-administration, respectively. In intramuscular injection of 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg, it's peak concentrations were $6.92{\pm}1.29{\mu}g/m1$, $9.89{\pm}2.22{\mu}g/ml$ and $19.85{\pm}2.97{\mu}g/ml$, respectively at 5 h post-administration, but AM was not measurable at 216, 264 and 264 h post-administration, respectively. In dipping of 10, 20 and 40 ppm, it's peak concentrations were $4.39{\pm}1.10$, $9.57{\pm}1.51$ and $11.61{\pm}1.92{\mu}g/ml$, respectively at 3 h post-administration, but AM was not measurable at 264, 264 and 360 h post-administration, respectively. Therefore, the plasma distribution and elimination levels of AM in olive flounder were dosage-dependant manner in all administration routes.

A Study on the Erosion Behavior of the Ceramic Sprayed Coating Layer in the Molten 55% Al-Zn (용융 55%Al-Zn 중에서 세라믹 용사 피막의 침식 거동에 관한 연구)

  • 강태영;임병문;최장현;김영식
    • Journal of Welding and Joining
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.51-59
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    • 2000
  • Sink roll has been used in molten 55%Al-Zn alloy bath of continuous galvanizing line for sinking and stabilizing working steel strip in molten metal bath. In the process, the sink roll body inevitably build up dross compounds and pitting on the sink roll surface during 55%Al-Zn alloy coated strip production, and the life time of the sink roll is shorten by build up dross compounds and pitting. The present study examined the application of thermally sprayed ceramic coatings method on sink roll body for improving erosion resistance at molten 55% Al-Zn pool. In this experiment, the stainless steels such as STS 316L and STS 430F were used as the substrate materials. The CoNiCr and WE-Co powder were selected as bond coating materials. Moreover $Al_2O_3-ZrO_2-SiO_2 and ZrO_2-SiO_2$ powders selected as the top coating materials. Appearances of the specimens before and after dipping to molten 55%Al-Zn pool were compared and analyzed. As a result of this study, STS430F of substrate, WC-Co of bond spray coatings, $ZrO_2-SiO_2$ power of top spray coatings is the best quality in erosion resistance test at molten 55%Al-Zn pool

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A Model Study for Electrical Resistivity Method Using Three-Point Electrode Array (Three-Point 전극(電極) 배열법(配列法)을 이용(利用)한 전기(電氣) 비저항탐사(比抵抗探査) 모형연구(模型硏究))

  • Min, Kyung Duck;Kim, Chong Mi
    • Economic and Environmental Geology
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.111-122
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    • 1981
  • This study is a model analysis for an effective application of the geophysical prospecting to the investigation of geological structures or useful resources, and the purpose of it is to research a property of the electrical resistivity prospecting, especially by using a Three-Point electrode array method. In using the Three-Point electrode array method, it is theoretically assumed to choose the infinite for a distance between the two current electrodes, however it is impossible in applying to the practical field prospecting. Therefore this study was conducted for determination and presentation of a minimum appropriate distance between the two current electrodes by making a study on prospecting effect in the variation of distance between both the electrodes. In case that the ratios of the distance between the two current electrodes to that between the two potential electrodes are respectively chosen for 40, 400, 5,000, the experimental data of this study showed that the minimum appropriate distance between the two current electrodes is forty times as much as that between two potential electrodes. In order to make clear a problem about prospecting depth which is essential to the data processing, it had been chosen equally to the distance between two potential electrodes. As a result of it, it was shown that the anomaly is appeared along the position of an assumed ore body. Consequently it was found out that the prospecting depth of the Three-Point electrode array method is the same as the distance between the two potential electrodes. From the model experiment on the sheeting ore body(or linear structure) of horizontal, dipping of $30^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$ and vertical on the basis of above experimental condition, it was found out that the position and dip of assumed ore body could be inferred from the aspects of the equiresistivity curve. In consequence of performing out the simultaneous Normal and Reversal electrode movement, it was shown that the electrode movement of the Reversal forms the anomaly more clearly than that of Normal when the sheeting ore body is situated obliquely, therefore it could be ascertained that the electrode movement have to be performed simultaneously in the manner of Normal and Reversal. It was also exhibited that the aspect of the equiresistivity curve forms symmetrically when an assumed ore body (or linear structure) is situated horizontally or vertically, that is, symmetrically, and moreover that the aspect of the equiresistivity curve forms unsymmetrically when an assumed ore body (or linear structure) is situated obliquely. On the basis of these experimental analysis it is thought that it can be inferred from the aspect of equiresistivity curve whether an assumed ore body is obliquely situated or not.

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