• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.127-139
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• 2007

This research was peformed to investigate the anthropometric data, blood profiles, and nutrient intakes of elderly persons living in a rural area. The subjects were 67 undernourished people who participated in follow-up nutrition intervention programs for9 weeks. Anthropometric data showed that the mean heights and weights in the management group were 157.6 cm and 59.1 kg, respectively, for the males and 152.6 cm and 51.0 kg, respectively, for the females. The mean BMIs of the management group were 23.8 kg/m$^2$ in the males and 22.4 kg/m$^2$ in the females. The total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and albumin levels of the subjects were 181.7-191.4mg/dL, 48.3-53.0mg/dL, and 3.85-4.00g/dL, respectively. Energy, ash, P, Na, vitamin B$_1$, vitamin B$_2$, vitamin B$_6$, and niacin increased significantly after intervention for the management group. The mINQ, however, did not significantly increase after intervention. Also after intervention, there was no significant difference in mINQ between the management group and the comparison group. MAR (14) in the management group was significantly increased from 0.62${\pm}$0.2 before intervention to 0.68${\pm}$0.2 after intervention (p=0.022), and it was significantly different between the management group and the comparison group (p=0.017). MAR (8) in the management group was not significantly different (p=0.915) before and after intervention. However, MAR (8) between the management group and the comparison group did show a significant difference (p=0.031). MAR (3) in the management group was significantly increased from 0.48${\pm}$0.2 before intervention to 0.55${\pm}$0.2 after intervention (p=0.045), however, MAR (3) was not significantly different between the management group and the comparison group (p=0.093). For the probability of nutrient insufficiency, in the management group the probability of nutrient values below the EAR (except for Fe) decreased after intervention compared to before intervention. On the other hand, the probabilities of values above the RI, or EAR${\sim}$RI, were increased

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.41 no.7
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• pp.634-664
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• 2008

This study investigated the effects of the nutrition education on body weight, visceral fat and diet quality in the postmenopausal women. The subjects (n = 101) were randomly divided into two groups: Nutrition education + Exercise (NEE) group (n = 51) and Exercise only (EO) group (n = 50). Nutrition education was consisted of counseling in portion control, food selection for low carbohydrate, high fiber food items and for the improvement in micronutrient intakes and diet quality. After 6 months, the reduction in the body weight and visceral fat area was significantly greater in the NEE than in the EO group. The NEE subjects were further divided into two groups according to the amount of visceral fat area reduction; high visceral fat area loss (HVL) group with a visceral fat area reduction 2.35% or greater and low visceral fat area loss (LVL) group with a reduction less than 2.35%. In the HVL group, the reduction in body weight, BMI, percent body fat, waist to hip ratio and visceral fat area was significantly greater than that in the LVL group. We observed a significant increase in the serum HDL-cholesterol level and a decrease in systolic blood pressure, fasting blood sucrose, total and LDL-cholesterol levels in the HVL group compared to the LVL group. The energyadjusted protein, fiber, calcium, vitamin $B_6$, vitamin C, vitamin E intakes were significantly increased in the HVL compared to LVL group. The index of nutritional quality (INQ) and mean adequacy ratio (MAR) were also increased in the HVL group compared to the LVL group. These results show that our nutrition education program was an effective intervention measure for the reduction of body weight and visceral fat, blood pressure, glucose and lipid levels in the blood and also for the improvement of nutrient intake and diet quality in postmenopausal women who are overweight.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.127-139
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• 2012

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of an abdominal obesity management program on dietary intake, stress index, and waist to hip ratio (WHR) in abdominally obese women. The subjects were 195 adult abdominally obese women (WHR ${\geq}$ 0.80) who had been participating in a nutrition education (total of nine times) and dietary habits and life style modification programs (total of six times) for 12 weeks. The abdominal obesity management program focused on the nutrition provided by breakfast, lunch, and dinner, proper dietary habits, and practices to improve life style. The subjects were divided into a WHR decrease group and a WHR increase group according to changes in the WHR. Daily nutrient intake was assessed with a 3-day food record, body measurements and blood vessel age, stress index, and a health index that were measured at baseline and after 12 weeks. After the intervention, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, WHR, and body mass index (BMI) decreased significantly in the WHR decrease group. Energy intake increased from 1486.2 kcal to 1541.4 kcal with a significant improvement in nutrient density for animal protein, total fat, animal fat, fiber, calcium, phosphorus, zinc, vitamin $B_6$, vitamin C, vitamin E, and saturated fatty acids in the WHR decrease group. Additionally, dietary diversity increased significantly in the WHR decrease group compared to that in the WHR increase group. The WHR decrease group showed a significant improvement in the stress and health indices. Changes in WHR were correlated with changes in nutrient intake (animal protein, total fat, animal fat, plant fat, fiber, calcium, iron, potassium, vitamin A, vitamin $B_2$, vitamin $B_6$, vitamin C, and folate) and medical index profiles (stress and indices) adjusted for age, birth status, baseline BMI, and baseline WHR. These results show that an abdominal obesity management program was effective not only for reducing the WHR but also to improve dietary intake and the stress index in abdominally obese women.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.1826-1829
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• 2005

Recent advancement in wireless communications and electronics has enabled the development of low power sensor network. Wireless sensor network are often used in remote monitoring control applications, health care, security and environmental monitoring. Wireless sensor networks are an emerging technology consisting of small, low-power, and low-cost devices that integrate limited computation, sensing, and radio communication capabilities. Sensor network platform for health care has been designed, fabricated and tested. This system consists of an embedded micro-controller, Radio Frequency (RF) transceiver, power management, I/O expansion, and serial communication (RS-232). The hardware platform uses Atmel ATmega128L 8-bit ultra low power RISC processor with 128KB flash memory as the program memory and 4KB SRAM as the data memory. The radio transceiver (Chipcon CC1000) operates in the ISM band at 433MHz or 916MHz with a maximum data rate of 76.8kbps. Also, the indoor radio range is approximately 20-30m. When many sensors have to communicate with the controller, standard communication interfaces such as Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) or Integrated Circuit ($I^{2}C$) allow sharing a single communication bus. With its low power, the smallest and low cost design, the wireless sensor network system and wireless sensing electronics to collect health-related information of human vitality and main physiological parameters (ECG, Temperature, Perspiration, Blood Pressure and some more vitality parameters, etc.)

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.356-364
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• 2005

Purpose: This study is to assess and compare the analgegic effects of $25\%$ sucrose coating pacifier and pacifier. Method: The participants are 75 healthy infants of neonatal age 1-7 days and randomized to receive heel prick before 2 minutes to blood sampling and physiological test in Nursery of A Medical Center from 24. January to 28, February, 2003. The experimental group assigned to one of three treatment groups: no treatment, a pacifier, $25\%$ sucrose coating pacifier. Collected data were analyzed with the SPSS 11.0 program using $x^2$-test, one-way ANOVA and Scheffe, repeated mesured ANOVA. Results: The pain score of $25\%$ sucrose coating pacifier is lower than no treatment group and pacifier group. In heart rate, there were statistical significant differences between three groups. In repiratory rate, there were no statistical significant differences between three groups. In $SaO_2$, there were statistical significant difference between three groups. Conclusion: The $25\%$ sucrose coating pacifier showed pain relief effect in behavior responses and heart rate and $SaO_2$. Accordingly, the sucrose coating pacifier should be applied nursing intervention for simple pain management as heel prick.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.45-53
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate risk factors of pressure injuries in patients after neurosurgery. Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted using 273 patients undergoing neurosurgery admitted to a general hospital from 2015 to 2021. Data were collected from September 1 to 30, 2021. The data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 26.0 program. Results: Risk factors significantly influencing the occurrence of pressure injuries in the patients undergoing neurosurgery were hypertension (OR=3.12, p=.024), postoperative hypoalbuminemia (OR=0.30, p=.028), and prolonged operative duration (OR=1.00, p=.001). The regression model explained 86.0% of the variance of the outcome variable. Conclusion: In order to prevent surgery-related pressure injuries in patients undergoing neurosurgery, thorough blood pressure management, avoidance of hypoalbuminemia, and preventive nursing intervention considering operative duration are required.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.395-402
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• 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to identify factors related to oral health and depression in Korean adults and contribute to the development of a mental health program to improve depression through oral health management. Methods: Data was obtained from the 2021 Korean Community Health Survey. The chi-square test was used to determine the differences in depression experience relative to general participant characteristics and their oral health. To determine the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval, multiple logistic regression analysis was used. All statistical analyses were performed using the SAS software (version 9.4). Results: The results suggest that depression may be influenced by gender, age, household generation, drinking habits, subjective health level, moderate to high exercise, breakfast, high blood pressure, diabetes, subjective oral health level, chewing discomfort, and tooth brushing. An increasing level of depression was associated with decreasing subjective oral health level (1.34 times), uncomfortable chewing (3.08 times), and frequency of toothbrushing after lunch or before going to bed (1.23 times and 1.58 times, respectively). Conclusions: Our study confirmed a close relationship between oral health and mental health. In developing health programs for improving depression, appropriate oral health care should be considered.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.227-238
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• 2017

Cardiac arrest is a serious intensive emergency disease that causes death within less than several minutes by depriving the body and brain of blood supply. Survival rate of cardiac arrest patients outside of hospitals is especially low. This is because pedestrians usually do not perceive the patient as a sick person, also, even if they do so, they have no medical knowledge to properly react to such emergency. The purpose of this study is to propose a solution that uses widely spread smart phones to alert pedestrians of the cardiac arrest patient, prevents cardiac arrest, and provides first-aid measures. By applying the proposed solution, cardiac arrest can be prevented in advance, pedestrians can be alerted to keep the golden time(4 minutes), and first witness can quickly proceed with CPR, ultimately enhancing the survival rate of the cardiac arrest patient.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.513-526
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• 2014

Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of low sodium diet education program on dietary habits, diet quality, and measures of obesity in overweight or obese middle-aged women. Methods: Subjects were 81 individuals aged 45 years or over, who completed an 8-week nutrition education. The subjects were divided into a normal group (N = 30) and an overweight-obese group (N = 51) according to the BMI. The effects were evaluated by anthropometric measurement, biochemical analysis, questionnaire, and diet records before and after the program. Results: Overweight-obese group showed significant decreases in weight (p < 0.0001), BMI (p < 0.0001), percent of body fat (p = 0.0087), waist circumference (p < 0.0001), systolic (p = 0.0003) and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.0261). Nutrients intakes were not different between the two groups and only sodium intake was decreased after education. Total score of general dietary habits, dietary behavior related to sodium intake, dietary diversity score (DDS), diet variety score (DVS), and diet quality index-international (DQI-I) were improved in both groups compared to the baseline. Overweight-obese group showed significant improvement in 'having fruits everyday', 'having fish everyday', 'trying to eat many kinds of food', 'eating less broth when eating soup, stew, and noodles', 'eating less kimchi and salt-fermented vegetable', and 'propensity to think that dishes should be pretty seasoned'. In addition, moderation of empty calories food (p = 0.0064) and macronutrient ratio (p = 0.0004) were improved in the overweigh-obese group, but in the normal group, the results did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: These results suggested that low sodium diet education program may contribute to obesity management by improving diet quality and dietary habits in middle-aged women.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.295-302
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of convergence-based reeducation of core basic nursing skills (subcutaneous injection, indwelling catheterization) on competence, knowledge, attitude and confidence for nursing students. Subjects were 34 nursing students and 3rd grade. Experimental treatment and data collection was conducted from December 14 to 29, 2013. Skills for subcutaneous injection including simple blood glucose test and indwelling catheterization were evaluated before and after intervention. Knowledge, attitude and confidence were measured using structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed by the frequency, descriptive statistics and paired t-test using SPSS version 21. As a result, after reeducation, significant improvement was found in competence (p<.001), knowledge (p<.001) and confidence (p<.001) in subcutaneous injection and indwelling catheterization. Convergence-Based reeducation program was found effective to enhance the competence of core basic nursing skills before graduating nursing students. Therefore, it is necessary to continue to develop program and to evaluate the effects with further research.