• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.75-95
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• 2002

Using 3 years of panel data on nearly 3,507 households, the Korea Labor Income Panel Survey(KLIPS) data, the authors measure the determinants of poverty and unemployment, and the extents to which poverty influenced unemployment. The probit analysis of unemployment shows that unemployment probability is lower, when male, lower age and is higher, high-school and over junior college, work duration is over 3 years. The probit analysis of poverty shows that poverty probability is lower, when male, higher education level, longer career. specially unemployment and social insurance is determinants of increasing poverty. Bivariate probit model of unemployment and poverty also provides similar findings to those probit analysis and shows an evidence of the influence of unemployment on poverty along with the positive role of social welfare policy such that social welfare receipt reduces the impact of unemployment on poverty.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.1017-1028
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• 2011

When it is not easy to decide the credit scoring for some loan applicants, credit evaluation is postponded and reserve to ask a specialist for further evaluation of undecided applicants. This undecided inference is one of problems that happen to most statistical models including the biostatistics and sportal statistics as well as credit evaluation area. In this work, the undecided inference is regarded as a missing data mechanism under the assumption of MNAR, and use the bivariate probit model which is one of sample selection models. Two undecided inference methods are proposed: one is to make use of characteristic variables to represent the state for decided applicants, and the other is that more accurate and additional informations are collected and apply these new variables. With an illustrated example, misclassification error rates for undecided and overall applicants are obtainded and compared according to various characteristic variables, undecided intervals, and thresholds. It is found that misclassification error rates could be reduced when the undecided interval is increased and more accurate information is put to model, since more accurate situation of decided applications are reflected in the bivariate probit model.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.413-439
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• 2009

This study conducts a survey and test to understand U.S. public's perception about multifunctionality. The questionnaire suggests seven alternative way of providing questions about intangible benefits provided by agriculture in the U.S. The final questionnaire was administered as an e-mail survey in June 2008 to a nationally representative household panel maintained in the U.S. by the Ipsos Observer. Data analysis shows that 64 percent of respondents considered the multifunctionality of agriculiture as an important issue and 45 percent of respondents were in favor of increasing government expenditure to support farmland preservation. Using Fishbein's multi-attribute model as a theoretical background, this paper develops an empirical model to assess and attributes of multifunctionality. For the analysis, bivariate orderd probit model was set up to reflect respondent's attitude. Regression analyses show that two questions (how much you agree with agriculture's intangible benefit and increasing government expenditure to support agriculture) are shaped by different sets of facts.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyze the selection behavior decision model of telecommunications service under the telecommunication environments with joining the WiBro and 3GPP LTE-Advanced service at the sam time. The research results are as follows. First, mobile telecommunication service selection behavior is correlated with each other between WiBro and 3GPP LTE-Advanced service. Second, in the bivariate probit model estimates such as age, income, expenditure and income variable are important decision variables of WiBro and 3GPP LTE-Advanced service selection behavior. Gender and service using years, however, are not an important variables. The single and bivariate probit estimate results show the same estimation results. Finally, the two service selecting predictions by using the bivariate probit estimated results, 28.6% of WiBro and 25.3% of 3GPP LTE-Advanced were expected. Also, chance to join the two telecommunications services simultaneously is 19.3%. Therefore, WiBro selection probability is a little higher than 3GPP LTE-Advanced. The implications of these results, the future telecommunications service selection will be determined by economic factors such as income and expenditure. Thus, to enable the WiBro, policy means for reducing the excessive telecommunications expenditure are needed in the future.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.91-110
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• 2003

This study analyzed data from 1997 Korea's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey collected through telephone questionings based on the multi-stage stratified random sampling. We categorized respondents into those who had ever drunk an alcoholic beverage in the last month and those who didn't and, referring to the World Health Organization's guideline, the former group were further categorized into low risk drinking group and high risk drinking group. Employing bivariate probit regression analyses with censoring on independent variables such as preferred type of alcoholic beverage, the number of types of beverages consumed, age, marital status, education, occupation, residential area, current smoking, body mass index and stress suggested (1) that those who prefer soju are more likely to involve high risk drinking than those who and prefer the other alcoholic beverages (2) that those who are relatively older, who live without a partner, who have jobs, who. are vulnerable to stress, or who enjoy more than one type of beverage are more likely to be exposed to high risk drinking than the others.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.83-109
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• 2007

This study evaluates citizen's willingness-to-pay for the benefits from improved water quality of the Taehwa river in Ulsan, Korea, using a contingent valuation method with double-bounded dichotomous choice. The estimation results of the bivariate probit model shows the amounts of willingness-to-pay are monthly 3,458.5 Korean Won per household and yearly 14,760 million Korean Won for total households in Ulsan, Korea. These estimates are equivalent to the social values of improved water quality of the Taehwa river. This study also tests the inter-dependence between two answers, which may occur in the responses of the questions for the double-bounded dichotomous choice, and all the null hypotheses on the inter-dependence are rejected in this study.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.47-60
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• 2018

계획적이고 안정적인 영농을 위해 영농작업 인력을 확보하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 하지만 농가인구의 감소로 인한 농업인력 확보의 어려움과 농업노동 임금의 지속적인 증가는 경영주에게 이중의 고통이 되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 농가처분가능소득이 전국에서 가장 높은 강원도를 지역 표집으로 선정하여 Bivariate Probit 모형을 이용해 내국인과 외국인 고용의 상호 관계를 고려한 고용인력 수요 결정요인을 살펴보았다. 분석결과, 첫째, 3개월 이상 노동력을 고용하는 농가들의 경우 내국인 고용수요와 외국인 고용수요 간에는 양(+)의 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 전형적인 도시근교 농업의 특징을 나타내는 춘천시에 비해 강원도내 타 지역 농가들은 다른 변수들이 일정할 경우 내국인과 외국인의 고용수요가 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 젊은 경영주일수록 내국인 상시 고용에 대한 수요가 높고, 농가조직에 참여하고 있는 농가일수록 자가노동 확률은 0.13% 감소하고, 상시 농업 노동력에 대한 수요가 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 분석결과를 종합한 농업 노동력 확보를 위한 정책적 시사점으로는 첫째, 상시고용된 농업인력들을 대상으로 국내외 문화 차이를 인지하고, 내국인 노동자와 외국인 노동자간의 협력 네트워크 구축을 위한 영농교육 확대가 필요하다. 둘째, 각 지역별로 내국인 또는 외국인 노동자의 상시고용 수요가 상이한 것으로 나타나 강원도내 지역별 농산업 현황을 기반으로 "(가칭)강원도 농업 인력 수급 플랫폼" 구축이 필요하다. 셋째, 청년창업농과 농가조직 참여 농가들을 대상으로 농작업 상시고용 인력을 우선적으로 매칭해 주는 것이 필요하다.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.55-66
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• 2012

Present study investigates on the impact of resources and characteristics of the tenure choice for divorced women in Korea. The authors utilize the micro data from the Korea Census (2% sample) provided by the National Statistical Office. The authors apply the bivariate probit model to eliminate selection bias that could incur due to sample selectivity, from a chain of marital disruption and tenure choices. This study starts with a descriptive explanation of homeownership after divorce from 1985 to 2005. It concluded that divorce results in a substantial attrition of homeownership. The authors found that out for many women, divorce initiates a process of downward mobility on the housing ladder. The probability to own housing is much lower for divorced women than for women who are not divorced. The present study concludes by suggesting some policy implications for divorced women who have limited access to housing stability. The authors also suggest some future studies that can compensate the empirical limitations of the present study.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.88 no.3
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• pp.400-407
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• 1999

The purpose of thin paper is to test difference of the two question formats, open-ended and dichotomous choice formats, in the contingent valuation method using the estimated recreational benefits. The data were collected from the visitors at the Songnisan National Park. The recreational benefit based on the equivalent variation. The two question formats, but the same content, were asked of the same individuals. In this analysis, it was used travel cost and monthly income as the exogenous variables, which assumed a linear functional form for the WTP equation. The model assumed a bivariate normal distribution on the basis of the probit and tobit model concerning the censored zero WTP. The result showed no differences in the recreational benefits from the different question formats under a same respondent. The mean benefit was estimated 25.556 Won per 5 years per visitors.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.129-152
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• 2006

The purpose in this study is to analyze the effect of expected public pension assets (or social security wealth) and retirement incentives on retirement behaviors of two wage earners households. For the purpose of the study, an empirical analysis was conducted. In the empirical step, it was found that the empirical results were significant for men, but not for women namely, statistically asymmetric if behaviors of two couples are interdependent. The cause for the statistically asymmetric results were then determined. The Bivariate Probit model was used for estimation in the first step and the KLIPS(Korean Labor and Income Panel Study) was used as data for estimation. According to the empirical analysis, the results showed statistically significant asymmetry for men, however not for women, in expected public pension assets and other retirement incentives, non-wage assets, age difference, spouse's health status, spouse's monthly wages per hour and aging of their spouse In this study, cause of statistically asymmetric result in asymmetric complementarities of leisure of couples were found, then explained through different methods of comparison from the most recent studies. First, spouse's cross wage elasticity of self leisure demand(retirement) was calculated and determined whether complementarities of leisure of couples is positive or negative. Then, the degree of complementarities of leisure was distinguished in comparison with the relative size of two cross elasticities. Thus, men have relatively strong complementarities of leisure. But for women, it may roughly cancel out due to the substitution effect and the income effect. Therefore, women have relatively weak complementarities of leisure.