• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.207-207
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• 2016

plasma group velocities of neon with oxygen admixture (ug) are obtained by intensified charge coupled device (ICCD) camera images at fixed gate width time of 5 ns. The propagation velocities outside interelectrode region are in the order of 104 m/s.The plasma ambipolar diffusion velocities are calculated to be in the order of 102 m/s. Plasma jet is generated by all fixed sinusoidal power supply, total gas flow and repetition frequency at 3 kV, 800 sccm and 40 kHz, respectively. The amount of oxygen admixture is varied from 0 to 2.75 %. By employing one dimensional convective wave packet model, the electron temperatures in non-thermal atmospheric-pressure plasma jet are estimated to be in a range from 1.65 to 1.95 eV.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2015.08a
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• pp.156.1-156.1
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• 2015

Neon and argon plasma group velocities (ug) are obtained by intensified charge coupled device (ICCD) camera images at fixed gate width time of 5 ns. The propagation velocities in upstream and downstream region are in the order of 104-105 m/s. The plasma ambipolar diffusion velocities are calculated to be in the order of 101-102 m/s. Plasma jet is generated by sinusoidal power supply in varying voltages from 1 to 4 kV at repetition frequency of 40 kHz. By employing one dimensional convective wave packet model, the neon and argon electron temperatures in non-thermal atmospheric-pressure plasma jet are estimated to be 1.95 and 1.18 eV, respectively.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.457-460
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• 2020

The Pacific tapeworm Adenocephalus pacifcus (syn. Diphyllobothrium pacificum) is a causative agent of diphyllobothriosis occurred in Pacific coast of South America, mainly in Peru. Source of infections are traditional meal from raw or undercooked marine fish such as "cebiche". We confirmed 3 new cases, one including scolex and the other two headless. A strobila 46 cm long without scolex was discharged from an 8-year-old boy before treatment. Specimens were confirmed morphologically by presence of tegumental protuberances on proglottids and small sized eggs. Partial sequence of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene was congruent with A. pacificus sequences.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.1023-1024
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• 2013

• BMB Reports
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.1083-1089
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• 2007

The HAP complex has been found in many eukaryotic organisms. HAP recognizes the CCAAT box present in the promoters of 30% of all eukaryotic genes. The HAP complex consists of three subunits - HAP2, HAP3 and HAP5. In this paper, we report the biological function of the AtHAP3b gene that encodes one of the HAP3 subunits in Arabidopsis. Compared with wild-type plants, hap3b-1 and hap3b-2 mutants exhibited a delayed flowering time under long-day photoperiod conditions. Moreover, the transcription levels of FT were substantially lower in the mutants than in the wild-type plants. These results imply that AtHAP3b may function in the control of flowering time by regulating the expression of FT in Arabidopsis. In a subsequent study, AtHAP3b was found to be induced by osmotic stress. Under osmotic stress conditions, the hap3b- 1 and hap3b-2 mutants flowered considerably later than the wild-type plants. These results suggest that the AtHAP3b gene plays more important roles in the control of flowering under osmotic stress in Arabidopsis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Life Science Conference
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.118.1-118.1
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• 2007

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• Proceedings of the Microbiological Society of Korea Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.215.4-215
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• 2005

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.289-294
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• 2011

Laboratory class is an integral part of biomedical engineering education. Current biomedical engineering curriculum in Korea mostly includes mandatory laboratory classes. Most of the Korean biomedical laboratory classes focus on electrical engineering aspects, while molecular/biological engineering aspects are neglected. Many leading universities in U.S.A. offer a more balanced laboratory class where both electrical engineering aspects and molecular/biological engineering aspects are considered. As a part of an effort to enhance undergraduate biomedical engineering education, a new biomedical engineering laboratory class is proposed to offer a more balanced laboratory learning experience.

• Genes and Genomics
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• v.40 no.11
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• pp.1169-1180
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• 2018

Cave shrimps from the genera Typhlatya, Stygiocaris and Typhlopatsa (TST complex) comprises twenty cave-adapted taxa, which mainly occur in the anchialine environment. Anchialine habitats may undergo drastic environmental fluctuations, including spatial and temporal changes in salinity, temperature, and dissolved oxygen content. Previous studies of crustaceans from anchialine caves suggest that they have possessed morphological, behavioral, and physiological adaptations to cope with the extreme conditions, similar to other cave-dwelling crustaceans. However, the genetic basis has not been thoroughly explored in crustaceans from anchialine habitats, which can experience hypoxic regimes. To test whether the TST shrimp-complex hypoxia adaptations matched adaptive evolution of mitochondrial OXPHOS genes. The 13 OXPHOS genes from mitochondrial genomes of 98 shrimps and 1 outgroup were examined. For each of these genes was investigated and compared to orthologous sequences using both gene (i.e. branch-site and Datamonkey) and protein (i.e. TreeSAAP) level approaches. Positive selection was detected in 11 of the 13 candidate genes, and the radical amino acid changes sites scattered throughout the entire TST complex phylogeny. Additionally, a series of parallel/convergent amino acid substitutions were identified in mitochondrial OXPHOS genes of TST complex shrimps, which reflect functional convergence or similar genetic mechanisms of cave adaptation. The extensive occurrence of positive selection is suggestive of their essential role in adaptation to hypoxic anchialine environment, and further implying that TST complex shrimps might have acquired a finely capacity for energy metabolism. These results provided some new insights into the genetic basis of anchialine hypoxia adaptation.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.141-147
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• 2023

Antibiotic resistance has emerged as a global threat to modern healthcare systems and has nullified many commonly used antibiotics. β-Lactam antibiotics are among the most successful and occupy approximately two-thirds of the prescription antibiotic market. They inhibit the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in the bacterial cell wall by mimicking the D-Ala-D-Ala in the pentapeptide crosslinking neighboring glycan chains. To date, various β-lactam antibiotics have been developed to increase the spectrum of activity and evade drug resistance. This review emphasizes the three-dimensional structural characteristics of β-lactam antibiotics regarding the overall scaffold, working mechanism, chemical diversity, and hydrolysis mechanism by β-lactamases. The structural insight into various β-lactams will provide an in-depth understanding of the antibacterial efficacy and susceptibility to drug resistance in multidrug-resistant bacteria and help to develop better β-lactam antibiotics and inhibitors.