• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.150-156
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• 2004

Boron nitride thin films were deposited on Si(100) substrate by RF (Radio-frequency) UBM (Unbalanced Magnetron) sputtering system. The effect of working pressure and substrate bias voltage on microstructure and compressive stress of boron nitride thin films has been investigated. In high working pressure, the alignment of hBN laminates increased with substrate bias voltage, in low working pressure, however, it was high in low substrate bias voltage. Compressive stress evolution and surface morphology of deposited BN films are closely related with the alignment of hBN laminates. The cBN phase without high compressive stress could be nucleated on hBN thin film by controlling the alignment of hBN laminates.

• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.60-67
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• 2011

Ternary B-C-N coatings were deposited on Si(100) wafer substrate from $B_4C$ target by RF magnetron sputtering technique in $Ar+N_2+CH_4$ gas mixture. In this work, the effect of reactant gas ratio, $CH_4/(N_2+CH_4)$ on the composition, kinds and amounts of bonding states comprising B-C-N coatings were investigated using two different bias power sources of continuous and unipolar DCs. In addition, the tribological properties of coatings were studied with the composition and bonding state of coating. It was found that the substrate bias power had an effect on chemical composition, and all of the obtained coatings were nearly amorphous. Main bonding states of coatings were revealed from FTIR analyses to be h-BN, C-C, C-N, and B-C. The amount of C-C bonging mainly increased with increase of the reactant gas ratio. From our studies, both C-C and h-BN bonding states improved the tribological properties but B-C one was found to be harmful on those. The best coating from tribological points of view was found to be $BC_{1.9}N_{2.3}$ composition.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2012

Common Method Bias(CMB) may cause the potential inflation of correlations between measures assessed via the same method. The problem of CMB has been well known in behavioral sciences because the survey method with self-reporting is vulnerable to CMB. Thus, the discussion on CMB is still ongoing in the MIS research in US. However, in Korea, the MIS research has never paid attention on the CMB problem. The purpose of this study is to examine the CMB problem in the Korean MIS research. To evaluate the effect of CMB, empirical studies on Technology Acceptance Model(TAM) are selected because (1) TAM is one of the MIS research areas studied intensively, (2) TAM is a theoretical model well supported by the existing empirical studies so that the result of this study would have a great ripple effect when the CMB problem turned out to be serious, (3) CMB is domain-specific. 47 TAM samples (out of 45 studies) from three Korean Journals were selected and the relevant data were collected such as correlation matrixes and the measures of the dependent variable. To find and evaluate the size of CMB, two analytic methods (Marker-Variable Technique and Method-Method Pair Technique) are employed. The result showed that there exists CMB in the Korean studies but the problem is not so serious to distort the empirical testing, compared with that of US studies. However, considering that CMB can contaminate the testing results, Korean MIS researchers should explicitly deal with the problem in designing empirical studies and collecting data.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.123-142
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of non-pharmacologic interventions in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library CENTRAL, EMBASE, CINAHL, and several Korean databases (Until August 2017) were searched. The main search strategy combined terms for peripheral neuropathy and presence of neoplasms. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane's Risk of Bias tool for randomized studies and the Risk of Bias Assessment tool for non-randomized studies. To estimate the effect size, a meta-analysis of the studies was performed using the Rev Man 5.3 program of the Cochrane Library random-effects models were used in the analyses. Results: Twenty-two studies with a total of 954 participants met the inclusion criteria. Of the 22 studies, 12 were used to estimate the effect size of the non-pharmacologic interventions. The non-pharmacologic interventions used in patients with CIPN were exercise, acupuncture, massage, and foot bath. The acupuncture significantly reduced CIPN symptoms and signs (d=-0.71) and CIPN pain (d=-0.73) (p<.001). Massage and foot bath were also effective in reducing CIPN symptoms (d=-0.68; 95% CI=-1.05, -0.30; p<.001; $I^2=19%$).Exercises were effective in improving muscle strength and endurance(d=-0.55) and quality of life (d=-2.96), but they were not significantly effective in improving CIPN. Conclusion: Although these results provide little evidence of the effectiveness of acupuncture, massage, and foot bath in the treatment of CIPN, they suggest that these interventions can reduce CIPN symptoms in patients with cancer. However, the findings of this study should be interpreted with caution as there is a relative lack of data in this field, and additional well-designed studies are needed. PROSPERO registration: CRD42017076278.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.127-130
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• 2004

Magnetic properties and thermal stability by exchange biased perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in (Pd/Co)$_{N}$FeMn multilayer deposited by do magnetron sputtering system are investigated. We measured the perpendicular magnetization curves of (Pd(0.8nm)/Co(0.8nm)$_{5}$FeMn multilayer as function of FeMn thickness and annealing temperature. As FeMn thickness increases from 0 to 21nm, the perpendicular exchange bias(Hex) obtained 127 Oe at FeMn thickness 15nm. As the annealing temperature increases to 24$0^{\circ}C$, the E$_{ex}$ increased from 115 Oe to 190 Oe and disappeared exchange biased perpendicular magnetic anisotropy effect at 33$0^{\circ}C$.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.265-274
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• 2019

The paper describes an application of unscented Kalman filter(UKF) for attitude estimation of an unmanned vehicle(UV), which is equipped with a low-cost attitude heading reference system (AHRS). The roll, pitch and yaw required at the correction stage of the UKF are calculated from the measurements of acceleration and geomagnetic field. The roll and pitch are attributed to the measurement of acceleration, while yaw is calculated from the geomagnetic field measurement. Since the measurement of geomagnetic field is vulnerable to distortion by hard-iron and soft-iron effects, the calculated yaw has more uncertainty than the calculated roll and pitch. To reduce the uncertainty of geomagnetic field measurement, the proposed method estimates bias in the geomagnetic field measurement and compensates for the bias for more accurate calculation of yaw. The proposed method is verified through navigation experiments of a UV in a test pool. The results show that the proposed method yields more accurate attitude estimation; thus, it results more accurate location estimation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.769-772
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• 2014

The device reliability in amorphous InGaZnO under NBS(Negative Bias Stress) and hot carrier stress with different gate overlap has been characterized. Amorphous InGaZnO thin film transistor has been measured. and is channel $width=104{\mu}m$, $length=10{\mu}m$ with gate overlap $length=0,1,2,3{\mu}m$. The device reliability has been analyzed by I-V characteristics. From the experiment results, threshold voltage variation has been increased with increasing of the gate overlap length after hot carrier stress. Also, threshold voltage variation has been decreased and Hump Effect has been observed later with increasing of the gate overlap length after NBS.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.25-40
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• 2021

Objectives This study was conducted to analyze the effect of using acupotomy for piriformis muscle syndrome. Methods The databases used for the search were PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Koreanstudies Information Service System (KISS), Research Information Sharing Service (RISS), Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System (OASIS), KMbase, and National Digital Science Library (NDSL). The literature was searched using a total of 9 domestic and foreign databases. randomized controlled trial using only acupotomy as an intervention was selected. The selected studies are analyzed the risk of bias through Cochrane risk of bias, and meta-analysis was performed using Revman. Results As a result of meta-analysis of 11 selected studies, acupotomy was more effective than nerve block and acupuncture. In terms of visual analog scale and immediate analgesic effect, acupotomy did not have statistically significant results compared to other treatment methods. meta-analysis of electro-acupuncture and acupotomy showed no significant results. Conclusions When acupotomy is applied as a treatment for piriformis muscle syndrome, it is more effective than nerve block and acupuncture. but most of the studies have been judged as 'unclear' in the risk of bias assessment. Due to characteristics of treatment group and control group's intervention, It is judged that the blinding of the participant was not properly implemented. Therefore, it is considered that high-quality studies are necessary to supplement the problems in the future.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.71-89
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• 2021

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of Banhabaeckchulchunm a-tang(BBCT) for Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo(BPPV) Methods : We searched randomized controlled trials(RCTs) which assess the effect of BB CT for BPPV through 8 electronic databases from their inception to July 2021. RevMan 5.4 was used to evaluate the risk of bias. Results : 12 RCTs with 901 subjects were included. The BBCT treatment group had significantly higher total effetive rate(TER) than the western medicine treatment group(P=0.0001), and the Dizziness Handicap Inventory(DHI) score(P=0.003), traditional chinese medicine syndrome(TCM syn.) score(P<0.00001), and Visual analog scale(VAS)(P=0.0006) were significantly lower than the western medicine treatment group. The combined treatment of BBCT and canalith repositioning procedure(CRP) group had significantly higher TER than only CRP treatment group(P=0.02), and there was no significant difference in DHI score(P=0.12). TG(P=0.006) and TC(P=0.04) were significantly lower, and ApoA1 was significantly higher(P=0.0001). There was no significant difference in LDL(P=0.24). Conclusions : These results demonstrate that BBCT could be effective for BPPV especially after CRP. However, because of limits of included studies such as high heterogeneity between the literatures, unclear risk of bias, insufficient reports of adverse events(AEs), a well-designed RCTs with a low risk of bias in more diverse countries are needed in the future.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2021

Objectives The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of chuna manual therapy for rhinitis. Methods We performed a literature search using ten electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Chinese Academic Journals(CAJ), Research Information Sharing Service(RISS), Dbpia, National Digital Science Library(NDSL), Koreanstudies Information Service System(KISS), Korean Medical database(KMbase), and Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System(OASIS)) and two academic journals up to the end of April 2021. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which appraised the effect of chuna manual therapy (CMT) in the treatment of rhinitis. The risk of bias was evaluated from the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Results 4 appropriate RCTs were included and analyzed. The efficacy rate of the CMT group was statistically higher compared to the control group treated with medicine[RR 1.14 (95%CI 1.06 1.22), P<0.01]. Conclusions Based on results, CMT could be effective in rhinitis. However, evidence were limited due to small number of studies, lack of well-designed RCT and regional bias. Further well-designed research should be required to obtain stronger evidence.