• 농업과학연구
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.607-612
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• 2011

The occurrence of grape berry shattering and decay is influenced by the pre- and/or postharvest infection of decay organisms and pest. Postharvest infection is associated with physical damage due to rough handling. To control quality loss during storage of table grapes, the effects of slow releasing $SO^2$ pad on storability of 'Rosario Bianco' (Vitis vinifera) and 'Campbell Early' (Vitis labruscana) grapes were examined, respectively. The $SO^2$ concentration in package of tables grapes reached to at about 40 $ug{\cdot}L^{-1}$ after 40 days of treatment and remained more than 80 days above 15 $ug{\cdot}L^{-1}$. Decay was found in untreated 'Rosario Bianco' and 'Campbell Early' grapes at each for 44 and 85 days after storage, but not in $SO^2$ pad treated grapes. The storage potential of grape berries at $0^{\circ}C$ increased 2~3 times depending on cultivar by $SO^2$ pad treatment. The application of $SO^2$ pad is confirmed to be effective on the increase of market potential with minimizing quality loss such as berry shattering and decay.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.561-566
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• 2010

칼슘 코팅 봉지의 괘대처리가 포도 '거봉'의 과피 강화 및 열과 경감에 미치는 영향을 구명하고 효과적인 열과 방지용 괘대봉지 개발에 필요한 기초자료를 얻기 위해 실험을 수행하였다. 무대구의 가용성당함량과 안토시아닌 함량은 각각 $^18.1{\circ}Brix$, $2.56{\mu}g{\cdot}cm^{-2}$로 칼슘코팅 괘대구에 비해 높았다. 과피의 경도는 무대구에서 $1.18kg{\cdot}5mm^{-1}{\O}$으로 괘대 처리구의 12.3, 1.24, 1.27, $1.35kg{\cdot}5mm^{-1}{\O}$ 보다 낮았으며 고농도의 칼슘코팅 봉지를 사용할수록 경도가 증가하는 경향을 확인할 수 있었다. 과피의 형태적 관찰을 수행한 결과, 고농도의 칼슘코팅 괘대구일수록 표피 및 아표피층의 세포벽 두께가 증가하여 과피가 구조적으로 강화되었으며, 한계 팽압 하에서의 열과 발생률은 고농도의 칼슘코팅한 봉지를 처리할수록 열과 발생이 감소하여 열과 경감에 효과적임을 알 수 있었다. 하지만 처리구 중 열과 경감에 가장 효과적이었던 9% 칼슘 코팅 괘대구에서는 칼슘에 의한 과피 미려도 저하가 문제되었다. 따라서 열과 경감효과와 과실의 상품성을 고려했을 때 '거봉' 포도의 경우에는 6%의 칼슘코팅 봉지 처리가 바람직한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.625-630
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• 2010

송이다듬기는 포도의 품질을 높이기 위해 송이의 크기를 조절하고 송이모양을 변형시키는 유용한 재배방법이다. 포도 'MBA' 품종의 송이다듬기에 따른 과실 및 포도주의 품질 특성을 확인하기 위해 송이줄기의 곁가지를 제거하였는데, 상위지경부터 4, 5, 6지경을 남기고 절단 한 뒤 관행처리 대조구와 비교하여 수확기에 과방 및 와인의 품질을 조사하였다. 포도송이의 품질은 지경수가 작을수록 당도가 증가하고 총산이 감소하는 양상을 나타내었다. 포도주의 양조특성에 있어서는 송이다듬기 처리가 대조구에 비해 총 안토시아닌, 총 폴리페놀, 탄닌과 같은 성분이 높아져 포도주의 품질이 향상되었으며, 기호성 평가에 있어서도 송이다듬기 처리가 대조구보다 더욱 높은 점수를 나타내었다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.153-157
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• 1989

청경종 특성을 알기위하여 지상부 제형질, 광합성과 호흡 그리고 자식세대의 경색을 조사하였다. 청경종은 엽경종, 황열종의 경, 엽, 광합성과 호흡에 뚜렷한 차이가 나타나지 않았지만 5년근시 화경장 형질이 타 변종보다 길었다. 광합성에 있어서는 청경종이 뚜렷한 차이는 없는 경향이며 비교적 황열종이 높았으나 $20^{\circ}C$ 이상에서는 모든 변종에서 현저히 떨어지는 경향이었다. 청경종내 자식세대 일부는 경색이 분리되는 경향이나 자식사대가 거듭할수록 녹색경(청경종) 출현이 높았다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.264-269
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• 1985

The inheritance of violet and green stems was examined in F1 F2 of violetstem variant x yellow-berry variant in Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, and the characters of F1 and F2 plants were investigated. From these results, it was shown that most of the characters of F1 and F2 plants were simillar to the female plants. However, reciprocal crosses between violet and green stems yielded progeny of violet-stem variant. Thus the cross V♀x♂Y gave all violet-stem seedlings, and the cross Y♂ x Y♀ gave all violet-stem seedlings. And all of the crosses segregated in F2 in a ratio of 3 violet to 1 green.

• 미국학
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.99-114
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• 2020

This essay examines how Wallace Thurman envisions throug h Emma Lou a possibility of overcoming self-hatred and moving toward self-acceptance in his novel, The Blacker the Berry. Focusing on Emma Lou's departure from Alva and his deformed son, this essay contends that her "selfish" act is the first step toward self-acceptance. Describing his dark-skinned protagonist's pathetic attempts to belong to light-skinned people, Thurman mercilessly exposes and criticizes Emma Lou's psychological contradictions. Simultaneously, however, Thurman sympathizes with and shows some respect for her endeavors to make a difference in her life. Emma Lou's redemption from her self-hatred can come only when she realizes its detrimental effects on her life and learns to love herself enough to be selfish. By granting Emma Lou an opportunity to conduct a serious self-examination and resolve to sever ties with Alva, Thurman demonstrates a possibility of fighting against the color prejudice found both inside and outside oneself.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.85-93
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• 2013

수확 시 과방의 생장(과방중, 과방장, 과방폭, 과병의 직경크기, 과병장)은 무처리에 비하여 GA₃ 10 mg·L^-1 처리가 증가되었다. GA₃ 농도별 과립의 생장 (과립수, 과립중, 과립경, 과립장)은 차이가 없었으나 지경중은 무처리에 비하여 GA₃ 5, 10, 20, mg·L^-1 처리 농도에서 증가되었다. 그러나 GA₃ 40 mg·L^-1 처리는 차이가 없었다. 과립의 밀착정도, 과분 발생 정도, 가용성고형물 및 과피의 착색 정도는 큰 차이가 없었으나 무핵 정도는 GA₃ 10 mg·L^-1 처리에서 다른 처리에 비하여 증가하였다. 과립의 열과 발생률은 무처리에 비하여 GA₃ 농도 5, 10, 20, 40 mg·L^-1에서 현저하게 감소하였다. 과립의 탄저병 발생률은 큰 차이가 없었다. 과방당 총 지경장은 무처리, 20 및 40 mg·L^-1 처리에 비하여 5 및 10 mg·L^-1처리에서 현저하게 증가하였다. 지경 순서에 의한 1번 지경부터 15번 지경까지 지경장은 GA₃ 10 mg·L^-1 처리는 증가하였다.

• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
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• 고려인삼학회 2002년도 학술대회지
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• pp.467-476
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• 2002

A large number of individual ginseng plants have been selected in the farmer's fields to develop new ginseng varieties with desirable traits since 1970s. Among them, Hwangsukjong with green stem and yellow berry was selected as a ginseng germplasm. The phenotype of Hwangsukjong is quite different from Jakyungjong that has violet stem and red berry and has been cultivated in most of ginseng fields. Therefore, Hwangsukjong was crossed with Jakyungjong to clarify the inheritance of stem color and then the characteristics of $F_1\;and\;F_2$ hybrids were investigated. $F_1$ hybrid plants were similar to Jakyungjong in most of aerial part characters and showed hybrid vigor in fresh weight of root and weight of 100 seeds. In $F_2$ generation, the stem color was segregated in a ratio of 3 violet to 1 green. From this result, it was elucidated that violet color was controlled by single dominant gene. In another experiment, DNA was extracted from parents (Jakyungjong and Hwangsukjong) and $F_1$ hybrid. For each primer evaluated, multiple band profile was produced comprising from one to five major bands plus a varying number of minor bands and amplified bands were detected among most primers. In case of UBC primer number 13, 17, 30, 31, and 43, band patterns of parents and $F_1$ hybrid were very similar, but the others were not. Especially, in {\sharp}1$, {\sharp}4$, and {\sharp}33$, specific band was produced in Hwangsukjong and $F_1$ hybrid while in {\sharp}6$, another specific band was produced in Jakyungjong and $F_1$ hybrid. Therefore, $F_1$ hybrid had all specific bands at these primers. So, these selective markers could be used for identification of characteristics of $F_2$ hybrids

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.228-232
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• 2010

The present study was carried out to elucidate the effect of girdling on the quality and harvest date of the 'Shigyoku' grapes. Among girdled vines, the interval from full bloom to harvest date was 77 days; this was as much as seven days shorter in vines receiving a 20% girdling treatment. With regards to fruit characteristics, significant differences were observed in cluster length, berry number, and berry weight in vines that received girdling treatments. There were also significant differences in cluster weight; 468.2 g, 491.6 g and 504.9 g in the control group, 10% girdling group, and 20% girdling group, respectively. Thus, the use of girdling treatments is an effective approach to increasing cluster weight by 5% in the 10% girdling treatment and 8% in the 20% girdling treatment. The 10% girdling treatment showed significant difference in terms of titrable acidity; in fact, the overall titrable acidity was relatively high among all the girdling treatments. The concentration of anthocyanin increased in 20% girdling treatment, but there were no significant differences in anthocyanin concentration among girdling treatments. Berry color developed rapidly in vines that received girdling treatment.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2016

A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of irrigation (amount, interval) on tree growth, fruit quality, and cracking of organic 'Campbell Early' grapevine in 2012 and 2013. Three irrigation treatments were applied using a sprinkler system from mid-June to mid-August in 2012 and 2013, as follows: 10 mm was applied daily (10 mm-IR), 20 mm was applied every two days (20 mm-IR), and 30 mm was applied every five days (30 mm-IR). Soil electrical conductivity (EC) and temperature were found to be greatest in the 10 mm-IR treatment in both years. Soil moisture content ranged between 20-40% in the 10 mm-IR, between 20-60% in the 20 mm-IR, and between 20-70% in the 30 mm-IR treatment plots. The total number of leaves per shoot and shoot growth were found to be greatest in the 20 mm-IR and 30 mm-IR treatments, respectively. Cluster and berry weights, and cluster and berry sizes were not consistently affected by the treatments. The 10 mm-IR treatment resulted in an increase in fruit SSC, SSC/acidity ratio, and berry skin pigmentation ($b^*$; blue). Approximately 5% of fruit cracking was observed on average over both years in the 10 mm-IR-treated fruit, while the 30 mm-IR treatment resulted in nearly 18% of cracking in 2012. Average marketable fruit yield per year over two years was greatest for the 10 mm-IR treatment ($24.4t{\cdot}ha^{-1}$) followed by the 30 mm-IR treatment ($22.7t{\cdot}ha^{-1}$) and lastly the 20 mm-IR treatment ($22.2t{\cdot}ha^{-1}$). Thus, the 10 mm-IR treatment represents a suitable irrigation regimen for controlling leaf and shoot growth of vines grown under a rain-shelter system in sandy loam soils, while improving fruit sugar contents and skin color and limiting fruit cracking.