• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.73-81
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• 2022

최근 구조물의 사용연한이 증가함에 따라 다양한 요인에 의해 철근이 부식되어 구조물의 내하력이 감소하는 문제들이 발생하고 있다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 내식성, 경량성, 고인장강도를 갖는 FRP 보강근의 부착특성에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행중이나, 콘크리트에 매립된 격자형 CFRP 보강재의 부착특성에 관한 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 격자형 CFRP 보강재를 철근의 대체재로 사용하고 사용성 측면에서 부착특성을 평가하기 위해, 격자형 CFRP 보강재의 종방향 부착길이와 횡방향 격자길이를 변수로 하여 직접인발시험을 수행하였다. 이를 통해 격자형 CFRP 보강재의 부착하중-슬립 곡선을 도출하였으며, 부착거동을 분석하였다. 총 부착하중 식은 종방향 부착길이의 부착력과 횡방향 격자의 전단력의 합으로 제안하였으며, 부착하중-슬립곡선의 면적을 전체 일로 표현하여 슬립량에 대한 에너지 소산량의 변화를 분석하여 횡방향 격자가 부착력에 미치는 영향에 대하여 검토하였다.

• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.13-26
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• 2004

본 연구는 건설현장에서 매설관의 경계조건에 따른 동적 거동에 대한 진동안전기준에 관한 연구이다. 경계조건은 양단자유이며, 축방향 및 축직각방향에 대한 거동을 조사하였다. 매설관은 탄성기초 위에 놓인 보요소로 모형화하였고, 지진파는 정현파 형태의 지반 변위로 적용하였다. 매설관의 고유진동수와 모드 형태 그리고 매개변수의 영향을 조사하기 위해 자유진동에 대한 해석을 수행하였다. 그리고 지진파에 대한 거동을 조사하기 위해 자유진동 해석을 통해 얻어진 고유진동수와 모드 형태를 이용하여 진동에 대한 수식을 유도하였으며, 진동안전기준치 5 cm/sec에 안전하였고 양단자유의 매설관에 대한 자유진동 및 강제진동시의 시간-변위곡선을 나타내기 위한 전산프로그램을 완성하였다.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제8권5호통권39호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2004

본 연구는 우리나라에서 저층 주거용 건물로 널리 사용되고 있는 2층 규모의 비보강조적조 의 1/3 축소 모델에 대한 진동대 실험을 수행한 것이다. 본 연구의 주목적은 내진설계가 이루어지지 않은 조적조 건물의 내진거동을 살펴보고, 실험적 자료를 확보하는데 있다. 실험대상구조물은 횡방향으로는 대칭이지만 종방향으로는 약간 비대칭이고, 비교적 강한 다이어프램을 나타내는 콘크리트 슬래브로 되어있다. 실험체에 대한 모의 지진하중은 가속도를 점차 증가시켜가면서 종방향으로 가력하였다. 실험에서 얻은 구조물의 동적 응답자료는 진동대의 입력지진과 연관지어서 분석하였다. 더욱이 성능기초설계를 위한 성능수준을 제시하였다. 실험결과 1층에서의 전단파괴가 지배적이고 상부층은 강체거동을 보여주었다. 또한 균열 발생후에도 상당한 강도와 변형능력을 보유하고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.257-277
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• 2011

An evaluation is presented of the response of a 3-storey R/C structure during the destructive Lefkada earthquake of 14/08/2003. Key aspects of the event include: (1) the unusually strong levels of ground motion (PGA = 0.48 g, $SA_{max}$ = 2.2 g) recorded approximately 10 km from fault, in downtown Lefkada; (2) the surprisingly low structural damage in the area; (3) the very soft soil conditions ($V_{s,max}$ = 150 m/s). Structural, geotechnical and seismological aspects of the earthquake are discussed. The study focuses on a 3-storey building, an elongated structure of rectangular plan supported on strip footings, that suffered severe column damage in the longitudinal direction, yet minor damage in the transverse one. Detailed spectral and time-history analyses highlight the interplay of soil, foundation and superstructure in modifying seismic demand in the two orthogonal directions of the building. It is shown that soil-structure interaction may affect inelastic seismic response and alter the dynamic behavior even for relatively flexible systems such as the structure at hand.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 1999년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.11-18
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• 1999

Recently advanced countries are now beginning to use ACM (Advanced Composites Material), which is mostly used in the industry of airplane, ship building and sports equipments, in the construction industry. Compared with existing construction materials, ACM possesses many advantages such as light-weight, high-strength, corrosion resistant property. Among other manufacturing process of ACM, pultrusion is one of the promising one of civil engineering application. In this paper, the structural characteristics of pultruded GFRP strip were studied. Major parameters to influence structural behavior of pultruded GFRP are considered to be fiber volume fraction, die temperature, pulling speed and fiber orientations. The effect of these parameters are studied by experimently and analytically. From this study, it is concluded that fiber volume fraction and fiber orientations influence more on the mechanical property of pultruded GFRP. In addition to above parametric study, off-axis tests were carried out and the results are compared with failure theories. It showed that they agree well each other. Since this study is carried out in limited scope, further research on the reinforcement in the transverse direction, experiment on the compressive strength and research on the durability should be conducted for wide application of pultruded GFRP sections.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제90권5호
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• pp.517-530
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• 2024

This paper presents a new four-unknown equivalent single layer (ESL) refined plate theory for the buckling analysis of functionally graded (FG) rectangular plates with all simply supported edges and subjected to in-plane mechanical loading conditions. The present model accounts for a parabolic variation of transverse shear stress over the thickness, and accommodates correctly the zero shear stress conditions on the top and bottom surfaces of the plate. The material properties are supposed to vary smoothly in the thickness direction through the rules of mixture named power-law gradation. The governing equilibrium equations are formulated based on the total potential energy principle and solved for simply supported boundary conditions by implementing the Navier's method. A numerical result on elastic buckling using the current theory was computed and compared with those published in the literature to examine the accuracy of the proposed analytical solution. The effects of changing power-law exponent, aspect ratio, thickness ratio and modulus ratio on the critical buckling load of FG plates under different in-plane loading conditions are investigated in detail. Moreover, it was found that the geometric parameters and power-law exponent play significant influences on the buckling behavior of the FG plates.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.621-640
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• 2022

In the present article, the vibration response of a geometrically imperfect bi-directional functionally graded plate (2D-FGP) with geometric discontinuities and micro-structural defects (porosities) has been investigated. A porosity model has been developed to incorporate the effective material properties of the bi-directional FGP which varies in two directions i.e. along the axial and transverse direction. The geometric discontinuity is also introduced in the plate in the form of a circular cut-out at the center of the plate. The structural kinematic formulation is based on the non-polynomial trigonometric higher-order shear deformation theory (HSDT). Finite element formulation is done using C° continuous Lagrangian quadrilateral four-noded element with seven degrees of freedom per node. The equations of motion have been derived using a variational approach. Convergence and validation studies have been documented to confirm the accuracy and efficiency of the present formulation. A detailed investigation study has been done to evaluate the influence of the circular cut-out, geometric imperfection, porosity inclusions, partial supports, volume fraction indexes (along with the thickness and length), and geometrical configurations on the vibration response of 2D-FGP. It is concluded that after a particular cut-out dimension, the vibration response of the 2D FGP exhibits non-monotonic behavior.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.91-97
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• 2013

고온에서 열분해 과정을 겪는 복합재료의 탄화 및 삭마 과정의 표면 침식은 주로 두께 방향으로 진행된다. 본 논문에서는 다공성 복합재료의 면내 및 두께 방향 거동을 효과적으로 기술하기 위하여 분리-혼합 기법을 적용하였다. 섬유와 기지로 구성된 복합재료의 횡방향 등방성 가정을 통해 분리-혼합 방정식을 삼차원으로 확장하였으며, 기공 압력, 열팽창, 열분해 과정의 수축 효과를 포함하였다. 다공성 복합재료의 대표 체적 요소를 유한요소법으로 해석하여 면내 및 두께 방향의 물성 값을 상호 비교함으로써, 확장된 분리-혼합 기법의 타당성을 확인하였다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.127-143
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• 2012

The present paper deals with the nonlinear analysis of the functionally graded piezoelectric (FGP) annular plate with two smart layers as sensor and actuator. The normal pressure is applied on the plate. The geometric nonlinearity is considered in the strain-displacement equations based on Von-Karman assumption. The problem is symmetric due to symmetric loading, boundary conditions and material properties. The radial and transverse displacements are supposed as two dominant components of displacement. The constitutive equations are derived for two sections of the plate, individually. Total energy of the system is evaluated for elastic solid and piezoelectric sections in terms of two components of displacement and electric potential. The response of the system can be obtained using minimization of the energy of system with respect to amplitude of displacements and electric potential. The distribution of all material properties is considered as power function along the thickness direction. Displacement-load and electric potential-load curves verify the nonlinearity nature of the problem. The response of the linear analysis is investigated and compared with those results obtained using the nonlinear analysis. This comparison justifies the necessity of a nonlinear analysis. The distribution of the displacements and electric potential in terms of non homogenous index indicates that these curves converge for small value of piezoelectric thickness with respect to elastic solid thickness.

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.73-81
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• 1997

In this paper, it is intended to present more reproducible and quantitative method for adhesion assemssement. In scratch test, micromechanical analysis on the stress state beneath the indenter was carried out considering the additional blister field. The interface adhesion was quantified as work of adhesion through Griffith energy approach on the basis of the analyzed stress state. The work of adhesion for DLC film/WC-Co substrate calculated through the proposed analysis shows the identical value regardless of distinctly different critical loads measured with the change of film thickness and scratching speed. On the other hand, uniaxial loading was imposed on DCL film/Al substrate, developing the transverse film cracks perpendicular to loading direction. Since this film cracking behavior depends on the relative magnitude of adhesion strength to film fracture strength, the quantification of adhesion strength was given a trial through the micromechanical analysis of adhesion-dependence of film cracking patterns. The interface shear strength can be quantified from the measurement of strain $\varepsilon$s and crack spacing $\lambda$ at the cessation of film cracking.