• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.602-611
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• 2013

We have investigated the influence of system composition and preparation conditions on the particle size of vitamin E acetate (VE)-loaded nanoemulsions prepared by PIC(phase inversion composition) emulsification. This method relies on the formation of very fine oil droplets when water is added to oil/surfactant mixture. The oil-to-emulsion ratio content was kept constant (5 wt.%) while the surfactant-to-oil ratio (%SOR) was varied from 50 to 200 %. Oil phase composition (vitamin E to medium chain ester ratio, %VOR) had an effect on particle size, with the smallest droplets being formed below 60 % of VOR. Food-grade non-ionic surfactants (Tween 80 and Span 80) were used as an emulsifier. The effect of f on the droplet size distribution has been studied. In our system, the droplet volume fraction, given by the oil volume fraction plus the surfactant volume fraction, was varied from 0.1 to 0.3. The droplet diameter remains less than 350 nm when O/S is fixed at 1:1. The droplet size increases gradually as the increasing the volume fraction. Particle size could also be reduced by increasing the temperature when water was added to oil/surfactant mixture. By optimizing system composition and homogenization conditions we were able to form VE-loaded nanoemulsions with small mean droplet diameters (d < 50 nm). The PIC emulsification method therefore has great potential for forming nanoemulsion-based delivery systems for food, personal care, and pharmaceutical applications.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.17-27
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to analyze the related to cosmetic studies and to offer the study directions. A journal selected for this study is The Korean Society of Cosmetology only registered on Korea Research Foundation. A total of 493 articles in journal of The Korean Society of Cosmetology were reviewed and analyzed carefully. The results of review and analysis were as follow: The articles of the Korean Society of Cosmetology were classified into varies sections by main subjects, which are Basic Science, Make-up, Hair, Skin, Cosmetic & Hair Product, Beauty History, Beauty Education, Fashion. From the groups of main subjects, it was then classified into secondary subjects. In the result of examined frequencies in main subject of the articles showed highest of 89 in basic science, 84 journals in Beauty Marketing related, 73 in Hair. And from the classified secondary subjects, highest frequencies showed in the study based on second in study based on Cosmetic of 46 and Aesthetician of 41 journals. The research trend in the field of cosmetics showed the quantitative increase of article publication in journals. However, the contents lacked in depth compared to subdivided fields and the target or the method of conduct researches were in disproportion. Therefore, clearness is necessary in definitions of the field of cosmetic study and the standard of division in each fields.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the functionality of Lycium chinense Miller. as a functional cosmetic material. The total polyphenol content in the extract was 17.3 mg/mL, and as a result of confirming cytotoxicity through MTT assay before the enzyme experiment, it was confirmed that it did not affect cell growth at all concentrations below 1000 ㎍/mL. As a result of conducting DPPH radical scavenging tests as an antioxidant efficacy test, it showed 84.97% scavenging ability at a concentration of 1000 ㎍/mL, and showed very excellent antioxidant efficacy in SOD-like activity test with a result of 80.54% at 1000 ㎍/mL. The measured elastase inhibitory activity, the inhibition rate of 50.93% was observed at 1000 ㎍/mL, indicating that the extract of Lycium chinense Miller. was effective in inhibiting elastase. All these findings suggested that 70% ethanol extract of Lycium chinense Miller. was confirmed as a functional cosmetic material by confirming its antioxidant and anti-wrinkle efficacy.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.616-630
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• 2023

This study attempted to investigate the influence of relationship marketing on the quality of educational services and learners' relationship commitment, and the goals are to provide basic data needed to develop business management strategies and promote the growth of beauty education industry. For this, a questionnaire survey was performed against the students from beauty academies in Yeongnam region, and a total of 503 copies were used for final analysis. The study results found the followings: First, there were differences by each factor among relationship marketing, quality of educational services and learners' relationship commitment. Second, relationship marketing revealed a statistically significant effect on the quality of educational services. Third, relationship marketing showed a significant influence on learners' relationship commitment. Fourth, the quality of educational services showed a significant effect on learners' relationship commitment. It is anticipated that the study results would be available as basic data needed for beauty academies to develop business management strategies and promote the growth of beauty academy industry.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.292-301
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to know the perception on acne for the college students to provide basic data for the suitable care of acne. Self-administrated questionnaires were completed by 641 college students. Dietary attitude, food habit, general perceptions on acne, knowledge level on acne, and relationship perception between special food and acne were analyzed. The results were as follows. 1. Self reported health status, smoking, obesity index were significantly different by experience of acne. 2. Dietary attitude and food habits were not significantly different by experience of acne. 3. Acne experienced subjects had acne on their face mostly and responded positively to specialized treatment. Proportions of getting the knowledge on acne were 40.6% from friends, 35.4% from magazine and 21.7% from TV or radio. 4. Proportions of correctly answered for the questions about pregnancy, hair cosmetics, oily food, male hormone, family history, constipation related with acne were less than 50% for acne experienced subjects. 92.5% of acne experienced subjects were answered eating chocolate, nut, and fat were related with breaking out and aggravating of acne. Perceptions on breaking out factors and aggravating factors of acne were not significantly different by gender. 5. More than 70% acne experienced subjects stated that instant foods, oily foods, meats, cookies, nuts were related with developing and aggravating acne. Soybean, Seaweed, fermented fish were recognized as less related with developing and aggravating acne.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.56-62
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• 2002

Microemulsion is stable to aggregation, sedimentation, fusion and has $3nm{\sim}200nm$ of particle size which is transparent and semitransparent. The isoflavone as a derivatives of Flavone is colorless crystalline compounds. It has similar basic structure to steroid materials which is hormone that acts to skin physiological phenomenon. On this study, we tried to search and demonstrate system content rate of dermal translocation system for cosmetics using O/W type microemulsion containing isoflavone. We manufactured O/W microemulsions by phase inversion emulsification method. It's was found that POE(20) monostearate with HLB value 14 caused microemulsion to be formed, which had $4nm{\sim}18nm$ of average diameter and $3nm{\sim}33nm$ of particle size distribution. Apparent viscosities of the microemulsions have increased in proportion to add surfactant dose.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.231-237
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• 2012

In order to use the Schizandra chinensis seed oil as a basic material of cosmetic component, the research was done by analyzed components of Schizandra chinensis seed oil and evaluation it's stability with GC and GC/MSD. As a result, it's main component were showed as palmitic acid and oleic acid. It has excellent stability because it's ingredients did not change under the heat. Also, the antioxidant effect used DPPH(1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) test method, indicated higher radical scavenging ability compare to widely-use macademia nut oil and olive oil. Collagen synthesis effect also appeared outstanding. Therefore, the Schizandra chinensis seed oil was determined that it has possibility to be used well for cosmetic material.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.33 no.1 s.60
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• pp.11-15
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• 2007

Oxidation/reduction titrations are important quantitative procedures for many chemicals. Several widely used analytical methods for cosmetic ingredients are based on the redox reactions. In this article, we summarized basic theories of redox titration and applications. Determination of unsaturation properties based on iodine or bromine number, quantitation of hydrogen peroxide or peroxide materials in several cosmetic ingredients and measurement of titanium dioxide, widely used sunscreen agent, in cosmetics are discussed here.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.373-378
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• 2010

In order to obtain basic data for utilization of the aerial parts of Cnidium officinale Makino (APCO), the antioxidant properties of the aerial parts and rhizomes of C. officinale were measured using DPPH and ABTS radicals, and nitrite scavenging assays. The ethyl acetate (EA) fraction prepared from the aerial parts of APCO showed the strongest antioxidant activities, and contained high level of total phenolic compounds (325.81 mgTE/g) and flavonoids (259.16 mgRE/g). The concentrations for 50% reductions ($RC_{50}$) values of the DPPH and ABTS radicals, and nitrite by the EA fraction of APCO were $11.27\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, $14.34\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, and $10.26\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, respectively. APCO exhibited approximately 3-9 times higher antioxidant activity than rhizomes of C. officinale. The antioxidant capacities of APCO were positively correlated with its total phenolic contents. Therefore, it was concluded that the aerial parts of C. officinale can be a useful and cost-effective source of natural antioxidant for food or cosmetics.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.13 no.4 s.57
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• pp.526-539
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• 2005

Recently in the apparel industry, early adolescent girls are emerging as a new consumer group. In response to this, companies are developing clothes, cosmetics, underwear, etc. This study proposed a new size range and size interval for early adolescent girls and presented reference measurements for body parts necessary in designing clothes. For this purpose, a total of 529 girls aged between 10 and 14 were measured and data were collected from 42 anthropometric measurements and 41 photographic measurements per a person. SAS 8.1 was used in data analysis including means, standard deviations, frequency analysis. Based on the results, this study proposed: for Type A - 7 sizes (140A-67, 145A-65, 145A-69, 150A-69, 150A-73, 155A-73, 155A-76): for Type X - 7 sizes (150x-72, 155x-72, 155x-77, 160x-77, 160x-80, 165x-77, 165x-80); and for Type H - 8 sizes (145H-74, 145H-82, 150H-78, 150H-82, 155H-82, 155H-86, 160H-86, 160H-88). Reference measurements suggested for upper garments were 9 items. The outcome of this study may be used as a basic material for adolescent apparel manufacturers to set their apparel sizing system and to supply their consumers, namely, adolescent girls with products fitting their somatotype.