• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.103-110
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• 2020

Quality characteristics of chicken emulsion sausage manufactured with various levels of NaCl and 9 times heated bamboo salt (0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9%, and 1.2% respectively) were examined. The pH value of chicken emulsion sausage was increase tendency with increasing amount of bamboo salt, on the contrary in case of NaCl sample were decrease tendency with increasing amount of NaCl. Both before and after heating, redness of chicken emulsion sausage with bamboo salt treatments were upward trend with increasing amount of bamboo salt. water holding capacity (WHC) of 1.2% NaCl sample was significantly higher than 0.3%-0.9% (p < 0.05), but 0.9%, 1.2% bamboo salt samples were significantly higher than 0.3, 0.6 % (p < 0.05). Water loss of 1.2% NaCl and 0.9% bamboo salt samples were significantly lower than other treatment (p < 0.05). Protein solubility values significantly increased amount of bamboo salt and NaCl (p < 0.05), and samples of 0.9% NaCl and 0.6% bamboo salt values show similar values. Cooking yield of samples were increased tendency with increasing amount of NaCl and bamboo salt. Also viscosity values of sample containing 1.2% bamboo salt sample showed higher viscosity than other treatments. These results show that containing 1.2% NaCl chicken emulsion sausage and 0.9% bamboo salt chicken emulsion sausage were similar physicochemical properties. Therefore, bamboo salt is suitable for manufacturing chicken emulsion sausage.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.40-45
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• 2003

We studied the effect of Bamboo salt-pro on the growth and acid production of S. mutans. The growth of S.mutans was reduced by the presence of the Bamboo salt-pro (1 mg/ml) and NaCl (1 mg/ml) significantly, and the positive control group (1 % of NaF) also exhibited antibacterial activity significantly. Bamboo salt-pro (1 mg/ml) reduced the rate of acid production by S. mutans. Bamboo salt alone did not demonstrate such a reduction in acid production at the concentration of 1 mg/ml. The inhibitory action of Bamboo salt-pro on acid production was found at a concentration of 1 mg/ml, but bamboo salt alone was not at a concentration of 1 mg/ml. In addition, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of Bamboo salt-pro on human mast cell line HMC-1. Bamboo salt-pro (0.1 and 0.01 mg/ml) inhibited significantly the secretion of inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-a with $59.47{\pm}0.15%$, $51.98{\pm}0.16%$ respectively. Our results suggest that Bamboo salt-pro importantly contributes to the prevention or treatment of periodontitis and other oral diseases and inflammatory diseases.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.50 no.9
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• pp.552-557
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• 2012

Bamboo salt is a special processed salt by Korean traditional recipe. Recent study results showed that bamboo salt or bamboo salt with some other materials like herbal extracts have the anti-microbial activity, inhibition effects of dental plaque and gingival inflammation. Bamboo salt also showed anti-cariogenic effects; remineralization and acid resistance. Compare to fluoride toothpaste, bomboo salt toothpaste with fluoride showed the more effective remineralization on inner part of the early dental caries lesion. It increased the surface hardness and decreased lesion depth of early dental caries lesion. Thus, it is suggested thai bamboo salt could be used as a anti-microbial, anti-plaque, anti-inflammatory and anti-cariogenic material for oral disease prevention. Especially, bamboo salt dentifrice with fluoride can be recommanded as a useful remineralizing agent.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.178-184
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• 1999

Bamboo salt has been used for the purpose of precaution and treatment of certain diseases including cancer. Therefore, present study was carried out to ascertain the effects of bamboo salt upon anti-cancer, anti-hypertensive, and anti-diabetic activities as well. To examine the anti-cancer activity of bamboo salt, ICR mice implanted with 1$\times$l0$^{6}$ cells of sarcoma 180 intraperitoneally had been treated daily with bamboo salt A, crude salt, and reagent-grade NaCl (0.2, 1.0, and 2.0 g/kg, p.o.) for 60 days using adriamycin (2 mg/kg) as a positive control. Neither survival rate nor body weight had been significantly influenced by all the treatments indicating that bamboo salt A did not exert the anti-cancer effect on ICR mice. Anti-hypertensive activity was examined in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) which had been administered with bamboo salt A, crude salt, and reagent-grade NaCl (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0% in drinking water) for 28 days using hydralazin (2 mg/kg) as a positive control. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured at 1, 3, and 4 weeks after the starting date. Significant anti-hypertensive activity was not observed in any treated group compared to the positive control group. In order to determine if bamboo salt had anti-diabetic activity, rats in which diabetes had been induced by streptozotocin (45 mg/kg, i.m.) were treated daily with bamboo salt A, crude salt, and reagent-grade NaCl (0.2, 1.0, and 2.0 g/kg, p.o.) for 28 days using insulin (50 U/kg, s.c..) as a positive control. Blood samples were taken and analyzed at 1,2, and 4 weeks after the starting date. Bamboo salt did not cause any decreasing effect on the blood glucose levels. These results clearly demonstrated that bamboo salt A did not exert anti-cancer, anti-hypertensive, or anti-diabetic activities in the present experimental animals.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.149-157
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• 2002

Though the bamboo salt, called as "JUKYUM" has been widely used in Korea as panacea, it's toxicity was not screened completely. To investigate the toxicity of bamboo salt, we compared with the toxicity of crude salt and reagent-grade NaCl by performing repeated dose (3 month's) oral toxicity test in SD rats. Crude salt, natural sun-dried salt (crude salt) production, was purchased from the western seashore of Korean peninsular and reagent-grade NaCl was purchased from Sigma company. Results of repeated dose oral toxicity tests for 3 months (bamboo salt; 750, 1500, 3000 mg/kg/day, crude salt : 3000 mg/kg/day, reagent-grade NaCl; 3000 mg/kg/day) suggested that the bamboo salt treated group show no significant toxicological findings with body weights and organ weighs changes, and hematological, serum bio-chemical and histopathological findings compared with other groups.er groups.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.93-98
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• 2000

This study has been carried out to investigate general pharmacological action of bamboo salt (jukyom) in terms of effects on central nervous system and cardiovascular system in experimental animals. After bamboo salt, crude salt or reagent-grade NaCl were orally administered into male ICR mice with dose of 2.0 g/kg, general behavioural syndromes such as body weight and locomotor activity, spontaneous motor activity, pento-barbital-induced sleeping time, muscle incoordination, electroshock-induced convulsion, body temperature and writhing response caused by 0.6% acetic acid solution were observed. Bamboo salt had no influences in these indices for examinition of effect on central nervous system. Additionally, conscious male Sprague Dawley rats fastened overnight won ere treated with bamboo salt, crude salt or reagent-grade NaCl (2.0 g/kg, p.o.) to examine the effect of these salts cardiovascular system. Systolic, median and diastolic food pressure and heart rate were dertemined using tail cuff indirect method. Treatment with Hydralazine (50 mg/kg, p.o) as a positive control produced the decreases in systolic, median and diastolic blood treasure and an increase in heart rate. whereas no changes were observed in bamboo salt, crude salt and reagent-grade NaCl treated groups. These results strongly suggest that bamboo salt may have no effects on general pharmacology of central nervous systems and cardio-vascular systems.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.273-277
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• 2001

Though the bamboo salt, called as "JUKYUM" has been widely used in Korea as panacea, it's toxicity were not screened completely. To investigate the toxicity of bamboo salt, we compared with the toxicity of crude salt and reagent-grade NaCl by performing single dose oral toxicity test in SD rats. Crude salt, natural sun-dried salt (crude salt) production, was purchased from the western seashore of Korean peninsular, and reagent-grade NaCl was purchased from Sigma company. Results of the single dose oral toxicity tests on bamboo salt, crude salt and reagent-grade NaCl to SD rats are as follows, $LD_{50}$ of bamboo salt was 4174mg/kg (male) and 4074mg/kg (female), that of crude salt was 4871mg/kg (male) and 4898mg/kg (female) and that of reagent-grade NaCl was 4247mg/kg (male) and 4025mg/kg (female), respectively. There were little differences in clinical signs and gross legions among groups. Finding of gross autopsy and necropsy of bamboo salt treated group were similar to other groups.er groups.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.258-268
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• 2001

Garlic has been known to be effective against the gastrointestinal diseases which can be induced by production of oxygen-derived free radical. It has been shown that bamboo salt is effective on the treatment and prevention of various gastrointestinal disorders. Bamboo salt is a processed salt invented by a Korean, ll-Hoon Kim. It has been reported that garlic and bamboo-salt are useful to the treatment of gastric disorders in Korea. To clarify the protective mechanism of the garlic-bamboo salt mixture, the gas-tropathy was induced in rats with alcohol-salicylate and the activities of the free radical scavenging enzymes were examined. In this study, we found that the garlic-bamboo salt mixture reduced the severity of hemorrhagic lesion in gastric mucosa in the rats. In addition, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) were significnatly increased and the total content of GSH was recovered. From those results, we concluded that the protective effect of the garlic-bamboo salt mixture on gastropathy in rats is its ability to recover the level of GSH and to increase the activities of the free radical scavenging enzymes (SOD, GPx, GR).

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.273-280
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• 2013

Bamboo salt, a Korean folk medicine, is prepared with solar salt (sea salt) and baked several times at high temperatures in a bamboo case. In this study, we compared the preventive effects of bamboo salt and purified and solar salts on hepatic damage induced by carbon tetrachloride in Sprague-Dawley rats. Compared with purified and solar salts, bamboo salts prevented hepatic damage in rats, as evidenced by significantly reduced serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase (P < 0.05). Bamboo salt (baked $9{\times}$) triggered the greatest reduction in these enzyme levels. In addition, it also reduced the levels of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, interferon (IFN)-${\gamma}$, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$. Histopathological sections of liver tissue demonstrated the protective effect of bamboo salt, whereas sections from animals treated with the other salt groups showed a greater degree of necrosis. We also performed reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses of the inflammation-related genes iNOS, COX-2, TNF-${\alpha}$, and IL-$1{\beta}$ in rat liver tissues. Bamboo salt induced a significant decrease (~80%) in mRNA and protein expression levels of COX-2, iNOS, TNF-${\alpha}$, and IL-$1{\beta}$, compared with the other salts. Thus, we found that baked bamboo salt preparations could prevent $CCl_4$-induced hepatic damage in vivo.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.9
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• pp.1248-1252
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• 2012

Potassium added with bamboo salt showed better antioxidative effects than bamboo salt, solar salt, or purified salt. It also showed inhibitory effects on the mutagenicity of MNNG (N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine) in a Salmonella Typhimurium TA100 tester strain. At concentrations of 1.25 and 2.5 mg/plate, potassium bamboo salt and bamboo salt showed weaker co-mutagenicity effects than either purified salt or solar salt, respectively. Anticancer effects of salts were evaluated using MTT assay in HCT-116 human colon carcinoma cells. At a 1% salt concentration, the growth inhibitory rate of potassium bamboo salt was 54%, higher than that of 1 time baked bamboo salt (36%). However, purified salt and solar salt showed relatively lower inhibitory effects of 19% and 23%, respectively. To determine the inhibitory mechanisms of potassium bamboo salt, the expression levels of Bax and Bcl-2 genes in HCT-116 cells were determined by RT-PCR. Potassium bamboo salt significantly increased Bax and decreased Bcl-2 expression levels unlike bamboo salt, purified salt, and solar salt (p<0.05). Therefore, addition of potassium to salt decreased co-mutagenicity and increased in vitro antioxidative and anticancer effects.