• Title/Summary/Keyword: bacterial wilt disease

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Characterization of an Antibiotic Produced by Bacillus subtilis JW-1 that Suppresses Ralstonia solanacearum

  • Kwon, Jae Won;Kim, Shin Duk
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.13-18
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    • 2014
  • Bacillus subtilis JW-1 was isolated from rhizosphere soil as a potential biocontrol agent of bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. Seed treatment followed by a soil drench application with this strain resulted in >80% reduction in bacterial wilt disease compared with that in the untreated control under greenhouse conditions. The antibacterial compound produced by strain JW-1 was purified by bioactivity-guided fractionation. Based on mass spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data ($^1H$, $^{13}C$, $^1H-^1H$ correlation spectroscopies, rotating frame nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy, and heteronuclear multiple-bond correlation spectroscopy), the structure of this compound was elucidated as a cyclic lipopeptide composed of a heptapeptide (Gln-Leu-Leu-Val-Asp-Leu-Leu) bonded to a ${\beta}$-hydroxy-iso-hexadecanoic acid arranged in a lactone ring system.

Reduced Bacterial Wilt in Tomato Plants by Bactericidal Peroxyacetic Acid Mixture Treatment

  • Hong, Jeum Kyu;Jang, Su Jeong;Lee, Young Hee;Jo, Yeon Sook;Yun, Jae Gill;Jo, Hyesu;Park, Chang-Jin;Kim, Hyo Joong
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • v.34 no.1
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    • pp.78-84
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    • 2018
  • Peroxyacetic acid mixture Perosan, composed of peroxyacetic acid, hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid, was evaluated for eco-friendly management of tomato bacterial wilt by Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum. Perosan drastically suppressed in vitro growth of R. pseudosolanacearum in liquid cultures in dose- and incubation time-dependent manners. Higher perosan doses (0.1 and 1%) caused lowered pH and phytotoxicity to detached leaves of two tomato cultivars Cupirang and Benekia 220 in aqueous solution. Treatment with 0.01% of Perosan delayed wilting symptom significantly in the detached leaves of two cultivars inoculated with R. pseudosolanacearum ($10^7cfu/ml$). Soil drenching of 5% Perosan solution in pots caused severe tissue collapse of tomato seedlings at the four-week-old stage of two tomato cultivars. Treatment with 1% Perosan by soil-drenching significantly reduced bacterial wilt in the tomato seedlings of two cultivars. These findings suggest that Perosan treatment can be applied to suppress bacterial wilt during tomato production.

Review of Disease Incidence of Major Crops in 2000 (2000년 농작물 병해 발생 개황)

  • Kim, Choong-Hoe
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.1-11
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    • 2001
  • Climate in the year of 2000 was characterized as a long severe drought in tile spring, unusually high and low temperature in summer, two times of typoons, and floods by heavy rains in fall. Rice leaf and panicle blast and bacterial grain rot occurred severely comparing with 1999 and Bipolaris leaf spot spread over tile country. Phytophthora blight and anthracnose in red-pepper became epidemic especially in the late season causing severe yield losses. Tomato fusaruim wilt, CGMMV, powdery mildew, and sudden wilt syndrom of cucurbits and strawberry powdery mildew were also severe in 2000. In garlic, sclerotium rot occurred severely mainly due to the frequent rainfalls in planting time and much snowfalls in 1999's winter. Spring potato had severe infection of viruses due to a long spring drought, and fall potato had high incidence of bacterial soft rot and bacterial wilt due to fall floods by heavy rains. In sweet potato fusarium wilt was the most severe as in other year. Disease incidence of apple and pear trees was rotatively mild compared with previous years. In wheat and barley, Gibberella petch rarely occurred because of spring drought.

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First Report of Bacterial Wilt by Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum on Peanut in Korea (Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum에 의한 땅콩 풋마름병 발생 보고)

  • Choi, Soo Yeon;Kim, Nam Goo;Kim, Sang-Min;Lee, Bong Choon
    • Research in Plant Disease
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.54-56
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    • 2022
  • A peanut plant showing wilt and browned symptom was found in the field of Gochang, Korea, in July 2021. The symptomatic peanut plant was collected from the field and isolation of the pathogen caused the wilt symptom was performed using the collected sample on TZC media. The dominated colony on media was isolated colony on media was isolated and subcultured of purification. The pure cultured bacteria was identified as Ralstonia solanacearum by sequencing of 16S rRNA gene. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction using phylotype-specific primer set identified isolate as phylotype I (R. pseudosolanacearum). Phylogenetic tree was constructed based on 16S rRNA sequence and it was closed with R. pseudosolanacearum. Pathogenicity of the isolates was assessed by soil drenching inoculation on 4-week-old peanut plant. The wilt symptom was successfully reproduced by inoculation of the isolates after 14 days. This is first report of bacterial wilt caused by R. pseudosolanacearum on peanut in Korea.

Biocontrol Activities of Peribacillus butanolivorans KJ40, Bacillus zanthoxyli HS1, B. siamensis H30-3 and Pseudomonas sp. BC42 on Anthracnose, Bacterial Fruit Blotch and Fusarium Wilt of Cucumber Plants (Peribacillus butanolivorans KJ40, Bacillus zanthoxyli HS1, B. siamensis H30-3와 Pseudomonas sp. BC42에 의한 오이 탄저병, 박과류 과실썩음병과 오이 덩굴쪼김병의 생물방제 효과검정)

  • Jiwon Kim;Mee Kyung Sang
    • Research in Plant Disease
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.188-192
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    • 2023
  • Abiotic and biotic stresses have been a serious threat to crop growth and productivity in the agricultural system. In this study, four strains (HS1, H30-3, KJ40, and BC42), which have biological activities related to disease suppression or alleviation of salinity and drought stresses, were tested for broad-spectrum biocontrol activity against anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum orbiculare, a bacterial fruit blotch caused by Acidovorax citrulli, and Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum in cucumber plants. As a result of test, when the four strains were drenched into the soil, anthracnose in cucumber leaves significantly decrease; strain KJ40 suppressed disease incidence by A. citrulli; strain BC42 significantly reduced bacterial fruit blotch and Fusarium wilt compared to control. Therefore, strain KJ40 could be a biocontrol candidate for controlling anthracnose through induced systemic resistance and the disease caused by A. citrulli as well as alleviating drought stress; strain BC42 has broad-spectrum biocontrol activity against anthracnose, Fusarium wilt, and bacterial fruit blotch.

Molecular Identification and Evaluation of Indigenous Bacterial Isolates for Their Plant Growth Promoting and Biological Control Activities against Fusarium Wilt Pathogen of Tomato

  • Islam, Amanul;Kabir, Md. Shahinur;Khair, Abul
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • v.35 no.2
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    • pp.137-148
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    • 2019
  • In search of an effective biological control agent against the tomato pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, rhizospheric soil samples were collected from eight agro-ecological zones of Bangladesh. Among the bacteria isolated from soil, 24 isolates were randomly selected and evaluated for their antagonistic activity against F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. The two promising antagonistic isolates were identified as Brevundimonas olei and Bacillus methylotrophicus based on morphological, biochemical and molecular characteristics. These two isolates were evaluated for their biocontrol activity and growth promotion of two tomato cultivars (cv. Pusa Rubi and Ratan) for two consecutive years. Treatment of Pusa Rubi and Ratan seeds with B. olei prior to inoculation of pathogen caused 44.99% and 41.91% disease inhibition respectively compared to the untreated but pathogen-inoculated control plants. However, treatment of Pusa Rubi and Ratan seeds with B. methylotrophicus caused 24.99% and 39.20% disease inhibition respectively. Furthermore, both the isolates enhanced the growth of tomato plants. The study revealed that these indigenous bacterial isolates can be used as an effective biocontrol agent against Fusarium wilt of tomato.

Research on Tobacco Plant Diseases in Korea : An Overview (우리 나라 담배 병 연구의 어제와 오늘)

  • Kim, Jung-Hwa
    • Research in Plant Disease
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.78-83
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    • 2002
  • Tobacco diseases have not been recorded until 1900s in Korea, where tobacco plants were introduced at early 1700s. Practical researches on the disease have been conducted since mid 1960s. Major ten tobacco diseases were mosaic caused by tobacco mosaic virus·potato virus Y·cucumber mosaic virus, bacterial wilt, hollow stalk, wild fire caused by angular leaf spot strain, black shank, brown spot, powdery mildew and fusarium wilt. But their annual occurrences were varied according to changes of tobacco varieties and their cultivating practices. As no useful chemicals, several biological tactics have been developed to control the viral or bacterial diseases that give significant economic damages on sustainable crop yield, but not practicable to field farming condition yet. Transgenic tobacco plants containing foreign disease resistant genes have been developed by current bio-technology, but not released to farmers yet. Though some disease-resistant tobacco varieties have been developed by the conventional breeding technology and currently used by farmers, their disease controlling efficacy have been diminished by occurrence of the new strain or race. Future research on tobacco diseases has been focused on technical development to produce high quality tobacco with less production cost, which leads Korean tobacco industry to keep its competence against foreign industry and decreasing overall market.

Suppression of Bacterial Wilt in Tomato Plant Using Pseudomonas putida P84 (Pseudomonas putida P84 균주를 이용한 토마토 풋마름병의 억제)

  • Seo, Sang-Tae;Park, Jong-Han;Kim, Kyung-Hee;Lee, Sang-Hyun;Oh, Eun-Sung;Shin, Sang-Chul
    • Research in Plant Disease
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.32-36
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    • 2008
  • Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum has become a severe problem on tomato in Korea and no effective control measures are available yet. Pseudomonas species play key roles for the biocontrol of many plant diseases especially in soil. A rhizobacterial population of 150 Pseudomonas strains, isolated from the rhizosphere soil of various plants grown at different sites, was screened for 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol producing gene (PhlD) by PCR. Two strains (P83 and P84) among them were found to be phlD positive. When the isolates were analysed by 16S rDNA (Sensu Stricto), all isolates yielded amplified products of 1,018bp. Of the 150 isolates of Pseudomonas spp., a bacterial strain P. putida P84 isolated from tomato rhizosphere showed to suppress a wide range of phytopathogenic bacteria in vitro. The best source of carbon for P84 strain were glucose, arabinose, inositol and melibiose. In greenhouse experiments, P84 strain suppressed the development of bacterial wilt in tomato with a control value of 60%.

Bacterial Soft Rot of Radishby Erwinia chrysanthemi (Erwinia chrysanthemi에 의한 무 세균성 무름병)

  • 박덕환;서상태;이흥구;최국선;임춘근
    • Plant Disease and Agriculture
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.61-63
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    • 1999
  • Bacterial soft rot was observed on radish grown in Hongcheon, Kanwon-Do, Korea. The soft rot symptoms began as small water-soaked lesions. The water-soaked lesions enlarged rapidly in roots and produced a foul odor. When roots were affected in the field, the shoots also became infected and watery, causing infected plants to wilt, disorganize, and die. The causal organism was isolated from the lesions, and the identified as Erwinia chrysanthemi based on the morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics. E. chrysanthemi is first described bacterium which causes bacterial soft rot on radish in Korea.

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Induced Mutant by Gamma Rays and Genetic Analysis for Mutant Characters in Flue-cured Tobacco Variety(Nicotiana tabacum L.) II. Genetic Analysis for Mutant Characters in Flue-cured Tobacco (황색종 연초 품종의 Gamma선에 의한 돌연변이 유기 및 변이형질의 유전분석 II. 변이형질의 유전분석)

  • Jeong, Seok-Hun;Lee, S.C.;Kim, H.B.
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.116-125
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    • 1992
  • This experiment was conducted to examine characteristics of agronomic characters and estimate of gene effect for several mutant characters. The genetic populations were derived from cross between 83H-5 and Hicks. There were significant difference for plant height, stlk height, leaf shape and bacterial wilt disease index except leaf number, leaf length, and what is more, F3 variance is more than Bl and B2 generation from cross 83H-5 X Hicks. Gene actions for stalk height and bacterial wilt disease were estimated by 3-parameter, and by 6- parameter model for all characters except above two characters but stalk height and bacterial wilt disease index are not significant in the additive and dominance effects. Dominant$\times$dominant epitasis for plant height, dominant and dominant$\times$dominant epistasis for leaf length, additive and additive$\times$additive and dominant$\times$dominant epistasis for leaf width, and additive and additive$\times$dominant epistasis for days to flower were appeared significant in gene action.

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