• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.360-366
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• 2011

In this paper, we investigate the problem of power allocation in a heterogeneous network that is composed of a pair of cognitive users (CUs) and an infrastructure-based primary network. Since CUs have only limited effective spectrum-sensing ability and primary users (PUs) are not active all the time in all locations and licensed bands, we set up a new multi-area model to characterize the heterogeneous network. A novel combined interference-avoidance policy corresponding to different PU-appearance situations is introduced to protect the primary network from unacceptable disturbance and to increase the spectrum secondary-reuse efficiency. We use dual decomposition to transform the original power allocation problem into a two-layer optimization problem. We propose a low-complexity joint power-optimizing method to maximize the transmission rate between CUs, taking into account both the individual power-transmission constraints and the combined interference power constraint of the PUs. Numerical results show that for various values of the system parameters, the proposed joint optimization method with combined PU protection is significantly better than the opportunistic spectrum access mode and other heuristic approaches.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.145-155
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• 2015

This study aims to look at the change in consumer awareness and behavior after Japan's 2013 nuclear power plant's radioactive water leakage and draw implications about them. Findings show that 81% of respondents decreased their consumption of fishery products after the nuclear incident, and kept on showing avoidance of imported fishery products including those from Japan. Also it showed that consumers more importantly considered safety when buying imported fishery products after the nuclear incident. The most common channel of receiving radioactivity safety information on fishery products were TV and online. However, the main reason for decreasing the consumption of fishery products was founded to be based on the inaccuracy of the information provided. However, many people said that they will increase their consumption of all fishery products if provided with accurate radioactivity information. Therefore, if accurate radioactivity information were to be spread effectively to the public, positive consumption rates of fishery products can be shown in the future. The inaccuracy of radioactivity safety information caused the rapid decrease of fishery products consumption in 2013 to be amplified. Therefore, this study showed the importance of the delivery of rapid, accurate and consistent information to consumers.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.405-411
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• 2011

This paper presents a hierarchical trajectory planning method which can handle a collision-free of the planned path in complex and dynamic environments. A PV (Path & Velocity profile) planning method minimizes a sharp change of orientation and waiting time to avoid a collision with moving obstacle through detour path. The path generation problem is solved by three steps. In the first step, a smooth global path is generated using $A^*$ algorithm. The second step sets up the velocity profile for the optimization problem considering the maximum velocity and acceleration. In the third step, the velocity profile for obtaining the shortest path is optimized using the fuzzy and genetic algorithm. To show the validity and effectiveness of the proposed method, realistic simulations are performed.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2012

As Internet protocol and wireless communications have developed, the number of different types of mobile services has increased gradually. Existing priority-computing schemes cannot satisfy the dynamic requirements of supporting multiple services in future wireless communication systems, because the currently used factors, mainly user priority, are relatively simple and lack relevancy. To solve this problem and provide the desired complexity, dynamic behavior, and fairness features of 3G and beyond 3G mobile communication systems, this paper proposes a novel cross-layer dynamic integrated priority-computing scheme that computes the priority based on a variety of factors, including quality of service requirements, subscriber call types, waiting time, movement mode, and traffic load from the corresponding layers. It is observed from simulation results that the proposed dynamic integrated priority scheme provides enhanced performance.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.555-561
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• 2002

The shipboard working environment of coastal patrol ship is very inferior to the ground working environment and it causes the avoidance of shipboard working and the aging of crew. Especially the air pollution and electromagnetic wave in ships causes an occupational disease. Hence of reduce the shipboard working fatigue is necessary by the security of the comfortable shipboard working environment. In this paper, firstly we evaluate the shipboard working environment by using the measurement results of the shipboard air pollution and electromagnetic wave in the sea. And we propose the measures to reduce the shipboard working fatigue which is based on the evaluation results of the shipboard working environment.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.1A
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• pp.101-108
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• 2007

There nay be collisions among beacons from several full function devices in IEEE 802.15.4 sensor networks. These collision of beacons may cause devices to lose time synchronization, and thus be unable to association. To solve this problem, the IEEE 802.15.4b defines a new Post Beacon Period(PBP), but it does not still alleviate the beacon collision problem. In this paper, we propose two automatic beacon alignment schemes that a node itself can decide its beacon start time using its short address that has been assigned during association. We also simulate and investigate our proposed automatic beacon collision avoidance schemes using NS-2 simulator.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.564-568
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• 2008

In this paper, MAC(Medium Access Control) algorithm for the IEEE 802.11 DCF(Distributed Coordination Function) improving the performance is proposed and analyzed mathematically. The MAC of IEEE 802.11 WLAN to control data transmission uses two control methods called DCF and PCF(Point Coordination Function). The DCF controls the transmission based on CSMA/CA(Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance). The DCF shows excellent performance relatively in situation that competition station is less but has a problem that performance is fallen from throughput and delay viewpoint in situation that competition station is increased. This paper proposes an enhanced DCF algorithm that increases the CW to maximal CW after collision and decreases the CW smoothly after successful transmission in order to reduce the collision probability by utilizing the current status information of WLAN. To prove efficiency of proposed algorithm, a lots of simulations are conducted and analyzed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.531-534
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• 2010

Currently the functionality of the PRC-999K radio that is widely used in Korean Army is half-duplex and the broadcasting system that all subscribers have to listen when one subscriber speaks in time. Radio data communication system configures peer-to-peer network between command post and network members in military fire control system. And the system applies CSMA/CA(Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance) technique to avoid data collision. Such a data transmitting/receiving time could be reduced by allocating address in serial order to each network members. By doing that, command post need to broadcast data only one time and assigned members will reply in order without data collision. This paper provides such a protocol and algorithm.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.270-286
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• 2012

In this paper, we propose a novel routing protocol called the Cartography Enhanced OLSR (CE-OLSR) for multi hop mobile ad hoc networks (multi hop MANETs). CE-OLSR is based on an efficient cartography gathering scheme and a stability routing approach. The cartography gathering scheme is non intrusive and uses the exact OLSR reduced signaling traffic, but in a more elegant and efficient way to improve responsiveness to the network dynamics. This cartography is a much richer and accurate view than the mere network topology gathered and used by OLSR. The stability routing approach uses a reduced view of the collected cartography that only includes links not exceeding a certain distance threshold and do not cross obstacles. In urban environments, IEEE 802.11 radio signals undergo severe radio shadowing and fading effects and may be completely obstructed by obstacles such as buildings. Extensive simulations are conducted to study the performances of CE-OLSR and compare them with those of OLSR. We show that CE-OLSR greatly outperforms OLSR in delivering a high percentage of route validity, a much higher throughput and a much lower average delay. In particular the extremely low average delay exacerbated by CE-OLSR makes it a viable candidate for the transport of real time data traffic in multi hop MANETs.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.393-395
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• 2015

IEEE 802.11 무선 랜은 단말들 간의 채널을 공유하기 위해 CSMA/CA(Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance) 기반의 DCF(Distributed Coordination Function) 프로토콜을 제공한다. DCF는 네트워크상의 단말수가 증가할수록 충돌 확률이 증가하여 전체적인 성능 감소를 야기한다. 이는 네트워크에 있는 모든 단말이 동시에 채널 경쟁을 하기 때문이다. 충돌 확률을 줄이고 성능을 향상시키기 위해 단말을 여러 그룹으로 나누고 각 그룹에 속하는 단말들간 채널 경쟁을 수행하는 가상 그룹 방법이 제안되었다. 그러나 가상 그룹 방법은 각 단말이 독립적으로 그룹 수를 결정하고 자신이 어느 그룹에 속해 동작할지 결정한다. 따라서 단말마다 서로 그룹 수가 다를 수 있고 단말이 하나도 포함되지 않은 그룹이 존재할 수 있다. 즉, 가상 그룹 방법은 단말간 공평성 문제가 있고 오동작 가능성이 있다. 이 문제를 해결하기 위해 본 논문에서는 비지톤과 타이머를 이용하여 단말간 동기화를 맞춰 그룹 수 및 자신의 그룹 번호를 독립적으로 결정하는 방법을 제안한다. 그룹 수는 현재 채널 경쟁 수준을 고려하여 결정한다. 단말들의 그룹화를 통해 충돌확률을 줄이고 네트워크 성능을 향상시킨다.