• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2005

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of seeding dates and rates on the productivity and nutritive value of hairy vetch(Vicia villosa Roth) at experimental field of Grassland and Forage Crops Division, National Livestock Research Institute, RDA, Suwon from 1999 to 2000. The experimental design was consisted of split-plot design with three replications. The main plot was seeding dates(25 Aug., 15 Sep. and 5 Oct.) and the subplot was seeding rates(20, 30 and 40 kg/ha). Late seeding dates increased the plant height and delayed the flowering stage as 1 or 2 days. The dry matter(DM) content was decreased with low seeding rates, and the trend was same in the all plots. Average crude protein(CP) content was $24.1\%$ and increased with delayed seeding date and lower seeding rate. The content of acid detergent fiber(ADF) and neutral detergent fiber(NDF) was increased with higher seeding rate, but seeding date did not affect. In vitro dry matter digestibility(IVDMD) of hairy vetch tended to decrease with high seeding rate, and total digestible nutrient(TND) did not show significant difference among seeding rates. Average relative feed value(RFV) of hairy vetch showed 140 which means very high quality. Dry matter and CP yield was decreased with delayed seeding date. The results of this experiments indicated that seeding in middle-August with 40 kg/ha would be recommended to produce the highest yield and quality f3r the cultivation of hairy vetch in middle part of Korea

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.300-300
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• 2017

'Saemimyeon' a Tongil-type rice variety (Indica ${\times}$ Japonica), which contains high amylose contents is suitable for rice noodle production. Nowadays, the major parts of rice processing industry that includes products like rice flour and noodles are expected to partially replace wheat flour market. The volume of rice noodle market is getting bigger and can contribute to the rice surplus and farmer's income. This study was carried out to promote productivity and flour-making quality of 'Saemimyeon' by finding the most suitable transplanting and harvesting times. The transplanting days used were May $10^{th}$, May $17^{th}$, May $24^{th}$, May $31^{th}$, June $7^{th}$ and June $14^{th}$ and the planting distance used was 30 x 12cm. In addition, harvesting time was determined by days after heading time (40, 45, 50, 55 and 60 days). The field experiment was conducted at the experimental field in Miryang (Southern plain area of Korea) from 2015 to 2016. Our results suggest that the optimum transplanting days were from May $24^{th}$ to May $31^{th}$ which resulted to an average yield of 748~751kg/10a. Interestingly, yield was sharply decreased below 700kg/10a before May $10^{th}$ and after June $7^{th}$. The average grain filling rate before May $31^{th}$ was more than 83% but it declined to 75% after June $7^{th}$. The average temperature ranges from heading time to harvesting time was $ 21\sim25^{\circ}C$ and the estimated optimal temperature was $23.4^{\circ}C$ which is similar to May $24^{th}$ by regression equation. We found that the optimal harvest time was 45~50 days after heading time. It is hypothesized that low temperature at seed maturation time caused the lower grain filling rate therefore 'Saemimyeon' need to be transplanted before May $31^{th}$ for higher productivity. We found no statistical variation in amylose contents among experimental plots (28.2~30.4%). We conclude that the productivity of 'Saemimyeon' highly depends on temperature that is critical for grain filling stage controlled by transplanting time.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• 제62권3호
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• pp.166-171
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• 2017

For high-quality colored rice production, the cultivation environment is a critical factor. The major environmental factor is temperature, which includes the accumulated and average temperature during vegetative and reproductive stages. Generally, during the cultivation period, the temperature can be controlled by shifting the transplanting date. This study was carried out to determine the optimum transplanting date for high-quality red-colored rice production. Four red-colored rice varieties (Jeokjinju, Jeokjinjuchal, Hongjinju, and Gunganghongmi) were used as test materials. The transplanting dates were May 20 and June 5, 20, and 30 in 2015~2016. The most variable factor controlled by the transplanting date was the grain filling rate. The varieties transplanted on June 30 showed low yields owing to the decrease in the grain filling rate. In contrast, the polyphenol content increased with increasing delay in the transplanting date. Collectively, these two results indicate that the optimum transplanting date was June 20. The average temperature for 30 days after the heading date (30DAH) highly affected the polyphenol content. A lower temperature during the 30DAH induced higher polyphenol contents but also caused low yield. The optimum 30DAH temperature for obtaining a higher yield and polyphenol content was $22{\sim}23^{\circ}C$. Using the average 30DAH and accumulated temperatures, the optimum transplanting date was calculated as June 18 to 24 in Miryang region. The optimum transplanting date of Kyeungsangnamdo region was approximately mid-June to early July, and that of Kyeungsangbukdo region was approximately early to mid-June.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.106-110
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• 1985

This trial was carried out to find out the optimum ridge and seeding rate for the seed production of Festuca arundinacea S. (variety Alta). It was composed of three ridge level (12, 18 and 24cm) and four seeding rates (10, 15, 20 and 25kg/ha) in a split-plot design with 4 replications. The experiment lasted from September 1979 to October 1981. 1. The beginning of heading state was May 12 and the date of full flowering stage was June 2. The optimum stage for the seed harvesting of Festuca arundinacea was about 43 days after beginning of heading stage. 2. The number of panicles were 157 per square meter from the best treatment 18cm ridge with 15kg seed/ha. And the 1000 grain weight was 2.79g for the treatment 12cm ridge with 10kg seed/ha. 3. The average seed yield for two years was 681kg/ha and the largest 831kg/ha for the treatment 18cm ridge with 25kg seed/ha. 4. the average germination rate of the harvested seed was 90.7 percent, and it showed a little higher germination rate from the lower level of seeding rate. 5. The average total DM production with two cuttings of aftermath was about 6715kg/ha. According to the increasing seeding rate and narrowing the ridge, DM yield was higher.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.517-524
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• 2004

The objective of this study was to investigate the environmental effects on duration time of milk flow, peak milk flow, and average milk flow in teats, and to estimate their relationships with milk yields in morning and evening milking, and to provide fimdamental information for the further study on their relationships with clinical mastitis and somatic cell in milk. A total of 6,768 milking records were studied in 72 Holstein cows. The influences of season, parity, lactation month, and milking interval on characteristics of milk flow considering in linear model were significant(p<.05). Duration of milk flow was longest at milking in fall, past first parity and second month of lactation, and with milking interval over than 13.5hrs. Average milk flow rate and peak milk flow rate were highest at milking in summer, past first parity and 8${\sim}$10 months of lactation, and with milking interval over than 13.5hrs. Milk flow rate was positively correlated to milk yield, and negatively correlated to the duration of milk flow. However duration milk flow was positively correlated to the milk yield with high level of correlation coefficient(+.60). For the establishment of optimum selection criteria on these traits, other aspects such as the udder health, disease and respective economic weights of milk flow characteristics in this study must be considered to develop the indices.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.97-101
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• 1991

This experiment was carried out to determine the effect of pure mineral nitrogen fertilization on dry matter yield and the amounts of advisable mineral nitrogen on grassland according to its age at the "Federal Institue for Agriculture in the Alps" in Austria. The results obtained were as follows: 1. With only PK-fertilizing average dry matter yields per year were progressively declined during the period of the studies. Compared with the relatively younger grassland(1st-5th year) the DM-yields were decreased by 35% in older grassland (11th-final year). 2. Due to the less reduction of DM-yields by mineral nitrogen application according to the age of grassland. With N-fertilizing the reduction of DM-yields in relatively older grassland was less than that of younger grassland by 11-21%. 3. At 4-and 5-cut systems the nitrogen amounts for the highest marginal yield(the "most efficient" Ndressing rate) per ha and year were distinctly declined in the relatively older grassland. 4. Required efficiencies of mineral nitrogen were not influenced by the age of grassland.he age of grassland.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.57-61
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• 1994

The study was conducted at low lying areas in Pabna Sirajgong districts of Bangladesh. To observe the potentiality of bio-mass production two trials were conducted. In first trial maize intercropped with Khesari taking 15 experimental plots of each size $5m{\times}5m$ were arranged in 5 blocks having homogenous soil characteristics. The study showed that the bio-mass yield of sole maize and sole Khesari were 35.25 t/ha. and 56.80 t/ha. respectively and there was a significant difference (p < 0.01) among them. The results also showed that bio-mass yield of maize and Kherasi was higher ($70.04{\pm}6.25t/ha$, $98.88{\pm}10.77t/ha$ and $80.56{\pm}9.5t/ha$) compared to sole maize and sole Khesari and land equivalent ratio was also lower. For second trial, one hectare of land was divided into 16 experimental plots with 4 replications in each plot. Four levels of urea (0 kg/ha, 30 kg/ha, 45 kg/ha, and 60 kg/ha.) were applied to experimental plot. The seed rates were 98.8 kg/ha (farmer's practice), 86.45 kg/ha, 74.1 kg/ha and 61.75 kg/ha. average bio-mass yield of matikalai at different seed rates along with urea fertilizer ranged from 38.49 t/ha, to 65.35 t/ha. the highest seed rate along with highest fertilizer also correspond to the peak production (65.35 t/ha) and the lowest seed rate (61.75 kg/ha) along with the lowest fertilizer rate (30 kg/ha.) showed lowest production (38.49 t/ha.). Here, it was found that the bio-mass yield of matikalai increased with the incremental amount of seed, indicating significant effect (p < 0.05) of seed rates on the bio-mass yield of matikalai. On the other hand, fertilizer doses in different treatment combinations had significant effect (p < 0.05) on bio-mass yield. Two levels of seed rates at zero level of fertilizer were recommended : 86.45 kg/ha for the resource rich farmers and 61.75 kg/ha for the resource poor farmers.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.271-276
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• 1996

This studies were conducted to basic information on growth characteristics and root yield in progeny the derived from different bolting years and to establish optimum seed production time in Angelica gigas. Plant height of early and mid-growing stages had decreased with each year increase in bolting year, but showed no significance in late growing stage at different bolting years. Root charac­teristics including root length, root diameter and dry root weight was slightly good and it had high root/ shoot ratio in third year seed production. respectively. Bolting rate showed that first year seed 38.1%, second year seed 10.4% and third year seed 1.2%, respectively. Therefore, optimum seed production time revealed third year seed for reduce bolting rate. Root yield at different bolting years showed average 1,690kg per hectare as fresh root weight on first year seed, 2,860kg on second year and 2,940kg on third year seed, respectively. A significant positive correlation was appeared between bolting rate and plant height in mid-growing stage. On the other hard, there was highly significant negative correlation between bolting rate and root yield.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.287-292
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• 1990

1.86 million (Indigenous river, swamp, and swamp X river type) buffaloes are distributed mainly in the plain land, sugarcane belt and coastal area of Bangladesh and are raised by the small farm holders. Buffaloes per house-hold ranges from 5.79 to 2.12. Height at wither is $123{\pm}3.09$ and $112.5{\pm}2.15cm$ for buffaloes of central and eastern region respectively. Growth rate of buffalo calves ranges from 360 to 340 g/day. Late maturity ($1411.58{\pm}43.01d$) along with long life span facilitates farmers to use buffaloes longer period. Average daily milk yield is $2.32{\pm}0.63L$ with average lactation yield of $730{\pm}90l$ for $328{\pm}28.76d$. Both male and female individuals are used for draught purpose. A pair of buffalo can prepared $0.23{\pm}0.06ha$ of land daily and can work for $6.1{\pm}0.78hr$.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.383-388
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• 2014

This study was examined the physical characteristics (geometry, yield strength, thousand-seeds weight, true density, and moisture content) required for mechanization-related technologies such as (harvesting, washing, transport, and drying). Large differences in the size and shape of boxthorn berries(Jangmyeong, Bullo, Chungmyeong, and Hokwang) are used to analyze these physical properties. The average diameter, volume, surface area, and sphericity rate are calculated using long and short diameters of the boxthorn berry according to its variety. Hokwang has the largest measured surface area, and Bullo, the smallest. Average yield strength is 1.78 kPa and the mechanical pressure of soft boxthorn berries is not more than 1 kPa. Bullo has the highest true density. The optimum drying time for the measurement of moisture content is 4 hours at the drying temperature of $100^{\circ}C$.