• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.1449-1454
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• 2013

There are many methods for measuring the difference between two location parameters. In this paper, statistics are proposed in order to estimate the difference of two location parameters. The statistics are designed not using the means, variances, signs and ranks, but with the cumulative distribution functions. Hence these are measured as the differences in the area between two univariate cumulative distribution functions. It is found that the difference in the area between two empirical cumulative distribution functions is the difference of two sample means, and its integral is also the difference of two population means.

• 한국수학사학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2003

This paper aims to investigate how Chinese and Korean evaluate $\pi$ and measure tile area of circle by reviewing the problems in the old mathematical books. The books are Gu-Jang-San-Sul(The nine chapters on tile mathematical art) for China and Gu-Il-Jib for Chosun Dynasty. The result shows that our ancestors used the different values of ${\pi}$ in relation to the accuracy and the various methods for measuring the area of circle.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.42-53
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• 1991

Analysis of health care utilization is very important for health care policy development. Traditional studies of health care utilization were focused on measuring the level of health care utilization and on analyzing the determinants of health care utilization in the defined areas and populations. But there were some limitations in comparing the health care utilizations rates in traditional studies because so many factors were to be considered. Small area analysis is a method used to demonstrate substantial variations in health care utilization with popualtion-base use rates among similar geographic areas. This review discusses the methods, magnitude and trend of geographic variations, factors influencing small area variations, and makes suggestions for further study. Finally, the article discusses the necessity and feasibility of small area analysis in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.29-37
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• 1998

An image analysis program with the function of measuring various quantitative characteristics in the transverse surface of wood was developed using Delphi 2.0. Data on pore characteristics (conditions for image processing, proportion of pores in relationship to other elements, tangential diameter, area, tangential and radial diameter, x and y coordinates of pore center, and geometric coefficients) were saved in text file format. In addition, the pore area histogram in the tangential and radial directions was saved as a BMP (bitmap) type file. Analyses indicated that quantitative characteristics such as the relative radial distribution of pores in a growth ring, pore tangential area histogram, and proportion of pore in lumen area appear to be useful in separating four diffuse-porous woods and four ring-porous woods on the species level.

• 아동학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.13-29
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• 2004

In this study of strategies used by young children in solving rectangular covering tasks before they have been taught area measurement, 75 5-, 6-, and 7-year-old children were asked to solve 3 rectangular covering tasks with a moveable unit. Three different sized units (4 cm., 2 cm., and 1 cm. cardboard squares) were provided and the children were asked to work out how many would be needed to cover a drawn rectangle. The resulting 5 developmental levels include incomplete covering, incomplete arrangement, complete covering, estimating, and measuring. Children using more advanced strategies were able to find correct number of units. While the tendency among older children was to use more advanced strategies, even 5-year-olds had an intuitive understanding of rectangular area measurement.

• 소음진동
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.943-948
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• 1999

This paper proposes a feasible and effective method for measuring the mechanical-acoustic transfer function by the application of equivalent area and velocity transfer function, a manifestation of the vibro-acoustical reciprocity principle. On the contrary to the volume velocity used in traditional method, the equivalent area is a peculiar raidation characteristics of sound sources and not influenced by any input signal for driving sound source. This invariant property of equivalent area can get rid of boresome works to measure the volume velocity of a sound source every time the driving signal is changed. Moreover, this method has a remarkable advantage to use a general loudspeaker as an accoustic exciter without the assumption of point source and can be applied to all kinds of sound sources even if they are not omni-directional sources.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.125-132
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• 2017

The slope of the road in the forest area has a characteristic of steep slope, so natural disasters such as slope collapse occur. The slope displacement observation technique according to landslide is being studied as a method to observe a wide area and a method to observe a small area. This is a study on high-precision digital map generation using ground LiDAR. It is possible to create a high - precision digital map by minimizing the US side using the 3D LiDAR in the steep slope area where the GPS and Total Station measurement are difficult in the maintenance of the danger slope area. It is difficult to objectively evaluate whether the contour lines generated by LiDAR are correct and it is considered necessary to construct a test bed for this purpose. Based on this study, if terrain changes such as landslides occur in the future, it will be useful for measuring slope displacement.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.261-282
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• 2019

The research related to testing pupils' achievement in the field of Measurement and Measure in initial teaching of geometry points to an insufficient adoption of the basic components of the length measurement concept among pupils. In order to discover the cause, we looked at the basic components on which the procedure of measuring length using a ruler is based, highlighted the possibilities of introducing the procedure in measuring length, and determined pupils' achievement during the procedure of measuring length using a ruler. The research sample consisted of 145 pupils, out of which 72 were the 2^nd grade pupils and 73 were the 4^th grade pupils. A descriptive method was applied in the research. The technique we used was testing, and for the statistical data processing we used a χ² test. The results of the research show that, when drawing a straight line of a given length using a ruler, there is no statistical difference in achievement between the 2^nd and 4^th grade pupils, nor in the pupils' knowledge regarding drawing a ruler independently, while drawing a straight line of a given length using a "broken" ruler 4^th grade pupils are statistically better. The results of the research indicate that pupils' achievement is better in doing standard tasks than in non-standard ones, given that the latter require conceptual knowledge. The components of the concept of length measurement using ruler have not been sufficiently developed yet, and these include: zero-point, partitioning a measured object in a series of consecutive measurement units and their iteration. We shed more light on the critical stage in the procedure of length measurement - the transition from non-standard to standard units and the formation of the length measurement scale. For further research, we propose to look at the formation of the concept of length measurement using the ruler through all its components and their inclusion in the mathematics curriculum, as well as examining the correlation of pupils' achievement in the procedure of measuring length with their achievement in measuring area (and volume).

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.131-146
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• 2020

원의 넓이를 구하는 공식을 보면, 일반적으로 원주율이 반지름의 길이의 제곱의 앞에 쓰여 지지만 독일과 프랑스에서 원주율이 뒤에 쓰여 진 경우가 있었다. 본 연구에서는 두 가지를 연구 한다: 첫째, 원주율을 뒤에 쓰는 학생이 얼마나 있는가? 둘째, 학생들이 원의 넓이를 구하는 공식에서 문자 표기 순서에 대해 어떻게 인식하는가? 국내의 만 14세에서 만 21세까지의 사람들 중 임의 추출한 201명에 대한 온라인 설문 조사 결과 둘 다 가능하다 또는 뒤에만 가능하다는 인식이 86% 이상 있었다. 본 연구에는 원의 넓이에 대한 일반적인 문자 표기 순서와 학교 교육을 통해 자연스럽게 형성된 학생들의 인식에 차이가 있음이 보여 진다. 덧붙여 만 14세에서 만 16세까지의 학생들은 원주율을 뒤에만 써야한다는 인식이 더 강했으나 그 연령대 이후로 둘 다 가능하다는 인식의 변화가 있었다. 이러한 관점에서 의미의 혼동이 없다면, 두 표기 모두 가능하다는 것이 가장 공통적인 인식이 될 수 있다. 그러므로 교과서에는 원주율을 뒤에 쓴 표현이 추가된 방식으로 표현되어야 학생들의 이해가 더 자연스러울 것이다.

• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2017년도 추계학술논문요약집
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• pp.311-312
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• 2017