• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.377-382
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• 2007

Purpose: Hook nail deformity is caused by inadequately supported nail bed due to loss of distal phalanx or lack of soft tissue, resulting in a claw-like nail form. A composite graft from the foot bencath the nail bed gives adequate restoration of tip pulp. Methods: From September of 1999 to March of 2004, six patients were treated for hook nail deformity and monitored for long term follow up. Donor sites were the lateral side of the big toe or instep area of the foot. We examined cosmetic appearance and nail hooking and sensory test. The curved nail was measured by the picture of before and after surgery. Results: In all cases, composite grafts were well taken, and hook nail deformities were corrected. The curved nail of the 4 patients after surgery were improved to average $28.7^{\circ}$ from average $55.2^{\circ}$ before surgery. The static two point discrimination average was 6.5mm and the moving two point discrimination average was 5.8mm in the sensory test. Conclusion: Composite graft taken from foot supports the nail bed with the tissue closely resembling the fingertip tissue, making it possible for anatomical and histological rebuilding of fingertip.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.55-65
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• 2011

The purposes of this study were to measure Shangri-La Syndrome through the difference age(i.e. chronological age-cognitive age) of Korean in their 40s and 50s, and to examine the variables which have an effect on the syndrome, requirements of Shangri-La Syndrome and means to look young. The research was conducted on 365 men and women in their 40s and 50s from Ulsan, Busan, and Seoul. The statistical analysis methods used for the study were reliability analysis, factor analysis, frequencies analysis, t-test, correlation analysis, ANOVA, Duncan test, and regression analysis. The results of this study are as follows : First, difference age showed to be 9.5 on the average and appeared to be largest in terms of feel and interests ages and smallest in terms of look and health ages. Second, it was found that Shangri-La Syndrome was influenced by health and self-love factors from among physical and social-psychological characteristics, and age, educational status, job, and hobby out of demographic characteristics. Third, it was shown that health body was the most important condition for a living with Shangri-La Syndrome and clothing was the most effective tool available for young appearances.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.27 no.9_10
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• pp.1048-1059
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• 2003

This study focusses pattern draft and grading of jeans for women in their 20s, who consume jeans the most. Pattern was drafted based on existing patterns collected from companies. It is different from the existing educational patterns. It suggests new sizing system for twenties referring to sizes used companies and grading rule and method. he results were as follows; 1. Companies manufacture 2-8 sizes and they referred to the Korean Industrial Standards, KS K 0051, for their sizing system. 2. Drawing method for Pattern of the study had following measurements for each part: in the case of waist circumference, front part was W/4+1.5cm, back part was W14+2cm, front hip circumference was H/4-1.5cm, crotch line was the crotch length (practical measurement), hip circumference was (upper crotch line length)/5+0.5cm, front crotch part was 2.7cm, back crotch part was W/5+2.7cm, knee height was (the length of leg)/2+6cm and the circumference of knee and the tip of pants were 40cm. Through the wearing test on the subject of twenties, researched pattern received higher ratings, especially in appearance than the existing pattern. 3. 5 sizes system was made referred to the sizing system of companies and National Anthropometric Survey of Korean in 1997 Grading rule for 12 grading points of front part and 13 grading points of back part was suggested. Results of wearing test on the graded patterns showed high ratings similar to standard size.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.361-372
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• 1999

The main objectives of this study were to investigate the characteristics of clothing buying behavior under the refund policy of stores (CCBBURPS) and the influence variables on CCBBURPS and to build the model of CCBBURPS. Additionally frequency and reasons for refund were researched. The interviews with 26 subjects the reviews of previous studies and the empirical investigation were processed for the study. The data was collected from 163 Korean females living in U.S. and analyzed by frequency mean factor analysis {{{{ chi ^2 }}-test, t-test and regression. The following results were found : the easyness of decision making (EDM) the loyalty of refund policy store (LRPS) and the increase of buying (IB) were found as the characteristics of clothing buying behaviors under the refund policy. EDM, LRPS and IB were influenced by clothing attitudes-shopping involvement and perceived buying risk-. The frequency of refund with 10 purchases was usually 0~1 times(38.7%) or 1~2 times (38.7%) The reasons for refund were : size unflattering appearance design com\ulcorner. The model of CCBBURPS was built based on the above findings(fig. 1)

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.5 s.207
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• pp.93-105
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• 2005

This study focused on the development of scales measuring the characteristics related to appearance management behaviors of businessmen for on-line image consulting. The purposes of this study were, 1) to develop a tool which can measure the ideal image, 2) to develop a tool which can measure personality, and 3) to develop a scale measuring the physical characteristics and body cathexis. The data were collected from 380 businessmen in Seoul, Korea and were analyzed by frequency, factor analysis, reliability test, cluster analysis, correlation analysis, one-wav ANOVA and Duncan test. The results from this study were as follows .1)Five factors of the ideal image were identified: stylish, able, active, neat/confident and easy. The total variance was 74.29$\%$ and Cronbach's alpha of the 5 factors ranged from .74-.90. One item was selected to represent each factor. 2) Five factors of personality were identified: preference of social function, sociable, dynamic, achievement-motivated, and success-oriented. The totai variance was 60.63$\%$ and Cronbach's alpha ranged from .56-.83. One item was selected to represent each factor. 3) Five factors of body cathexis were identified: satisfaction with girth, length, physique, nose and eyes. The total variance was 73_46$\%$ and Cronbach's alpha ranged from .68-.85.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.413-425
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to understand the factors that affect the acceptance of gluten-free rice pasta samples prepared with added buckwheat, mungbean, and acorn starches, and to compare sensory characteristics of samples with those of 100% semolina pasta. Methods: Descriptive analysis of pasta was conducted by 12 trained panels. Acceptance test was carried out by 40 consumers using 7-point hedonic scale. Collected data was statistically analyzed by principal component analysis, and partial least squares regression analysis. Results: Quantitative descriptive analysis showed that increasing amount of buckwheat, mungbean, and acorn starches resulted in significant improvement in gluten-free rice pasta properties, especially texture, hardness, chewiness, roughness, and al dente with increasing amount of sample starches, and decreased adhesiveness. In acceptance test, appearance and texture of gluten-free rice pasta with mungbean starch were preferred than pasta made with 100% rice. Flavor and taste was preferred in pasta with buckwheat starch than other pasta samples. Rice pasta with 30% buckwheat starch showed the highest score in overall acceptance among rice samples. Conclusion: This study suggested that adding mungbean starch could improve texture of gluten-free pasta, and adding buckwheat starch would improve taste and flavor of gluten-free rice pasta.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.58-61
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• 2003

Moisture content was 79.5%, banjhi shoot was 77.8% of the total and the weight was 29.4 g/100 buds in the harvested plant leaves used for manufacturing Okro tea. Okro tea heated at 75$^{\circ}C$ for 30 min showed the best quality among all the treatmants. Chemical components such as total nitrogen, theanine, arginine and chlorophyll were high in the tea treated at 75$^{\circ}C$ for 30 min compare with those of other treatments. The sensory evalution test In terms of appearance shape color and taste showed greater preferences in Okro tea treated at 75$^{\circ}C$ for 30 min than those of other treatments. The results suggested that heat treatment at 75$^{\circ}C$ for 30 min was the best condition for the final rolling process in manufacturing of Okro tea.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.1163-1171
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• 2016

Integration technologies involving flexible substrates are receiving significant attention owing the appearance of new products regarding wearable and Internet of Things technologies. There has been a continuous demand from the industry for a reliable bonding method applicable to a low-temperature process and flexible substrates. Up to now, however, an anisotropic conductive film (ACF) has been predominantly used in applications involving flexible substrates; we therefore suggest low-temperature lead-free soldering and bonding processes as a possible alternative for flex-on-flex applications. Test vehicles were designed on polyimide flexible substrates (FPCBs) to measure the contact resistances. Solder bumping was carried out using a solder-on-pad process with Solder Bump Maker based on Sn58Bi for low-temperature applications. In addition, thermocompression bonding of FPCBs was successfully demonstrated within the temperature of $150^{\circ}C$ using a newly developed fluxing underfill material with fluxing and curing capabilities at low temperature. The same FPCBs were bonded using commercially available ACFs in order to compare the joint properties with those of a joint formed using solder and an underfill. Both of the interconnections formed with Sn58Bi and ACF were examined through a contact resistance measurement, an $85^{\circ}C$ and 85% reliability test, and an SEM cross-sectional analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.95-98
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• 2006

This study investigates spalling properties of high performance concrete, 60MPa clan, made with the various types of coarse aggregate and adding ratio of polypropylene(PP) fiber. As experimental parameters, totally sixteen specimens of ${\phi}100{\times}200mm$ in size are prepared: one specimen for control without fiber, ten specimens with different coarse aggregate types, along with 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 percent of PP fiber in each. 1 hour fire test is conducted and then spalling appearance, spalling degree and residual compressive strength are examined. In addition, sit specimens made with two types of coarse aggregate site, along with same adding ratio of fiber are supplementally done, and only spalling properties is examined. Test results showed that control concrete and most specimens containing 0.05% of PP fiber exhibited 4 to 3 level of spalling degree, resulting severe explosive spalling, except for the specimen using basalt aggregate(Bc) showing 2 to 3 level of that. Especially, the Bc specimen containing 0.1% of the fiber exhibited that residual compressive strength value was 32%, which is 10% higher than other specimens using limestone or granite. Spalling resistance performance was also effective as aggregate size increase.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.121-134
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of adolescents' body image and communication with their parents on the alienation of male and female middle school students. The subjects were 253 middle school students. The data were analyzed with SPSS win 18.0 using Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheff$\acute{e}$ test and stepwise regression. The findings showed that problematic communication with the father was the strongest factor in explaining the alienation of male middle school students. The second strongest factor was the middles school student's open communication with the mother, and the third strongest factor was the middle school student's perception of physical health. Unlike male students, open communication with the father was the strongest factor in explaining the alienation of female middle school students. Problematic communication with the mother was the second strongest factor. Perception of physical appearance was the third strongest, and perception of physical health was the fourth strongest factor. Based on the results of the study, implications were discussed in terms of the alienation of male and female middle school students.