• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.1-11
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• 2005

The purpose of this study were to examine how people categorize obese individuals and if they have stereotyping about obese individuals. Twenty-five female volunteer subjects participated in this study. Subjects were undergraduate students in Textiles and Clothing courses at a midwestern university, US. Subjects were asked to give their one-word responses to four statements or questions regarding their impressions of six stimuli. The six stimuli consisted of magazine photographs of women; the magazines were general interest and fashion publications. Subjects then recorded their answers in the boxes for each of the six pictures. As the results, the relevant question as to whether or not more negative attributes would be assigned to the obese model's photographs was confirmed for the Description of Model variable, but not for the Personality of Model or for the Liking the Model variables. There was significant difference in means between the positive and negative descriptions of the Description of Model variable in the direction of negativity toward the obese group seems to confirm that, not only do people categorize others based on appearance, but there was a tendency to favor the average-size group and to view as negative the obese group.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.715-720
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• 2013

Background Many people have an interest in the correction of facial scars or deformities caused by trauma. The increasing ability to correct such flaws has been one of the reasons for the increase in the popularity of facial plastic surgery. In addition to its roles in communication, breathing, eating, olfaction and vision, the appearance of the face also plays an important role in human interactions, including during social activities. However, studies on the importance of the functional role of facial appearance. As a function of the face are scare. Therefore, in the present study, we evaluated the importance of the functions of the face in Korea. Methods We conducted an online panel survey of 300 participants (age range, 20-70 years). Each respondent was administered the demographic data form, Facial Function Assessment Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and standard gamble questionnaires. Results In the evaluation on the importance of facial functions, a normal appearance was considered as important as communication, breathing, speech, and vision. Of the 300 participants, 85% stated that a normal appearance is important in social activities. Conclusions The results of this survey involving a cross-section of the Korean population indicated that a normal appearance was considered one of the principal facial functions. A normal appearance was considered more important than the functions of olfaction and expression. Moreover, a normal appearance was determined to be an important facial function for leading a normal life in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.26-39
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• 2018

This study analyzed fashion taste changes for middle-aged men (40-50s) from the 1960s-1980s through newspapers evaluated as socially influential media. As a result, the fashion interest of middle-aged men in the 1960s was very low, and the formation and selection of fashion taste was mainly decided by the wife. However, as the interest in fashion and fashion gradually increased in the 1970s, the interest and taste of fashion in middle-aged men started to change. In the 1980s, social equality and women's advancement into society began, and initiated the appearance of a youthful-looking casual style and establishing an individual subjectivity about fashion taste. Based on this, the specificity of the change of fashion taste among Korean middle-aged men in the 1960s-1980s were as follows. First, the changes in the aesthetic sense of middle-aged men and the increase of fashion interest were due to changes in socio-cultural appearance standards. Second, there was an increase in the pursuit of individuality due to the weakening of fashion consciousness as a collective norm. Third, there were change in subjectivity about fashion taste and consumption.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.91-105
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• 2010

The purposes of this study were to segment consumers by life style groups and to investigate the differences among the segmented groups in regard to Korean image preferences in casual wear. The subjects of the study were 653 women consumers who lived in Seoul. Data were collected from July to September, 2007. Statistical analyses used in the study were factor analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, and Scheffe test. The results showed that there were seven factors of life style: fashion and appearance interest, pride in Korea, sociability, interest in foreign culture, family centered, sports/culture, and interest in Korean food. Based on the seven factors, the consumers were segmented into three groups. They were fashion/diverse culture interest group, family/recreation oriented group, and sociability/family oriented group. The results showed that there were significant differences among the lifestyle segmented groups in regard to Korean image preferences for color, fabric, pattern, and categories of casual wear, and the intention to purchase the casual wear. For example, fashion/diverse culture interest group preferred diverse Korean prints, red, orange, blue and white colors, natural fabrics, and various types of casual wear. Also, the group has the highest interest and intention in wearing Korean image casual wear.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.1091-1097
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the preference for female teacher's appearance of the high school boys and girls. A survey was conducted on 400 high school sophomores, juniors and seniors in Chungcheong province, who included both boys and girls. And the answer sheets from 396 students were selected for analysis. For data handling, SPSS 12.0 program was employed to make a frequency analysis of every item, and descriptive statistics was utilized for every item as well. In addition, t-test and crosstabs were implemented to look for any possible gaps between the boys and girls. The results were as follows: Boys had a much more interest in the appearance of female teacher's face than girls. High school Students preferred to nature style in hair and make-up. Boys relatively more liked the teachers who were young, elegant and had feminine attraction than girls. Boys preferred to feminine and traditional than girls. But there were significant differences in the preference of hair shape and make-up color between boys and girls.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.306-319
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• 2013

This study explores various issues of appearance management behavior for plus-size women in Korea with a focus on clothing. In-depth interviews and focused group interviews were conducted with 24 plus-size women. The interviews were recorded and the transcripts were analyzed based on grounded theory. Discomfort was the main phenomenon involving the experience of plus-size women related to appearance management. Psychological as well as physiological/physical discomfort, unmet needs (regarding clothing) and inconvenient shopping experiences were frequently mentioned. Causal conditions for discomfort were obesity, social stigma, and an underdeveloped clothing market for plus-size consumers. Interviewees developed strategies to cope with discomfort (suppressing clothing need, loss of interest in clothing, diversion from clothing needs, sole focus on physical comfort, dress-up and increase in shopping channels, and change in shopping patterns) that depended on contextual conditions (such as duration of obesity and attitudes of people) close to the interviewees. The discomfort of interviewees decreased or continued depending on if they became ambivalent about their obese condition, lost weight, or utilized plus-size specialty stores.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.527-539
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• 2018

This study analyzed the substitute behavior of mothers of infants or elementary-school-aged children in terms of consumption. For this study, in-depth interviews were conducted with women residing in the Seoul metropolitan area who show significant interest in their children. The interviews were analyzed based on the grounded theory. The findings of this study are as follows. First, mothers show substitute behavior for their children's appearance. The younger the children, the more substitute consumption exhibited by mothers. As children grow older and are able to choose what to wear, mothers show less substitute behavior tendencies regarding appearance management. Second, mothers tend to exhibit substitute behavior regarding their children's academic achievements. Mothers hope their children will be more successful than themselves were or will achieve the dreams that they failed to accomplish, which drives substitute behavior. Mothers affectionately provide children with financial support so they can obtain academic achievement and they hope their children will have successful occupations in the future. Third, mothers who are not satisfied with their appearance and have low self-esteem are more likely to exhibit substitute behavior with their children. This study will be helpful in understanding mothers' motivation and psychological factors regarding the support of their children.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.115-125
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• 2009

The Picturesque Style of the $18{\sim}19th$ Century Romantic landscape gardening had features of both irregularity and variety. These features were applied to $19{\sim}20th$ Century urbanism, which was called 'Urban Picturesque'. Preceding research has found that pedestrians take more interest in streets modeled after 'Urban Picturesque' principles mainly focused on physical appearance. further development of this research was undertaken through an experiment focused on pedestrian activity as well as physical factors through a case study of the Duksugung-gil, Insadong-gil and Myoungdong-gil. The results of the research are as follows. Although the physical conditions of the street in Duksugung are fitted more on Urban Picturesque principles than the other two case studies, the degree of pedestrian interest was highest for the street in Insadong due to excellence both in physical appearance and the diversity of cultural activities available in it. In conclusion, it can be said that to achieve the fdl effect of a Picturesque urban scene, a diversity of place-appropriate activities related to socio-cultural programs should be combined with an excellent physical appearance.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.213-223
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• 2018

The interest in decrepitude expanded by graying is gradually growing in modern society. Moreover, he concern over decrepitude along with healthy mind and body is increasing. Therefore, there are many concerns and efforts toward physical and mental health. In addition, the interest in and effort for appearance health and value is rising as well as physical and mind health. The middle age is the most stable age based on the economic and social status that had been achieved through the life, but it is the most stressful age due to physical health problem and appearance ageing. There are many advanced studies for self-esteem and life satisfaction in old age by using hair, skin-care, cosmetic, nail-art among beauty related fields but studies on self-esteem and perception of successful ageing through user satisfaction of beauty service is lacking. This study is aiming to verify empirically the positive effect of self-esteem improvement through user satisfaction of beauty service on perception of successful ageing for middle-aged over 50 years old. The study has assumed that the higher middle-aged's satisfaction of beauty service is, the more self-esteem improves and there has a mediated effect to contribute successful ageing.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion and Beauty
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• v.5 no.2 s.13
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• pp.56-67
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• 2007

This study is surveyed for understanding attitude toward make-up and purchasing behavior of cosmetics of preteen generation, elementary school students among 10 to 12 using a method of questionnaire. It helps concerned traders comprehend purchasing characteristics of preteen and map out a strategy for marketing of preteen. And it used research material being able to understand socio-psychological characteristics and attitude toward make-up and purchasing behavior of cosmetics of preteen generation. For the survey, a method of questionnaire was used. The questionnaire consisted of 4 questions for socio-psychological characteristics, 5 for appearance, 8 for attitude toward make-up and 6 for cosmetic purchase behavior and 3 for demographic factors. 458 girl students among 4, 5 and 6th graders at elementary schools in Seoul were selected on a random basis. Data was analyzed using frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation. F-test, Duncanis post test and crosstab analysis were also applied. 1. The level of interest of pre-teen generations was found normal. 2. The most popular destinations for buying cosmetics were dedicated cosmetics shops and department stores. 3. Satisfaction and interest of appearance and make-up. 4. Attitude toward make-up and behavior of purchase cosmetics as grades.