• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.208-217
• /
• 2018

This study was designed to examine the influence of academic stress, anxiety, interpersonal dependency, and hopelessness on female high school students and their level of depression. The study subjects were 684 students attending an all-female high school in C city. Data were collected by self-administered questionnaires between November 1st, 2016 and December 31st, 2016. The data were analyzed using the SPSSWIN(ver. 21.0) program. The mean values of the level of depression were analyzed by the t-test and ANOVA. The correlation coefficientswereobtained by Pearson correlation analysis and acovariance structure analysis was performed on the factors affecting the level of depression. It was found that the level of depression among all of the subjects was significantly higher within the group with a higher level of academic stress, anxiety, interpersonal dependency, and hopelessness. Thus, the level of depression was positively correlated with the levels of academic stress, anxiety, interpersonal dependency, and hopelessness. The factor that had the most influence on depression was the anxiety factor, followed by interpersonal dependency and academic stress. This result suggests that the level of depression in female high school students has a causal relationship with academic stress, anxiety, interpersonal behavioral characteristics, and hopelessness. Therefore, the most effective strategy to reduce the level of depression among female high school students would appear to be efforts to decrease their academic stress, anxiety, and interpersonal dependency.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.44-52
• /
• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a preference music therapy on anxiety and pain of cystoscopy. Methods: This study was performed using the quasi-experimental study design with non-equivalent control group pre-test and post-test. Total of 76 adult clients admitted to a tertiary hospital located in Daegu, South Korea were selected by convenience sampling 19 in the control and 57 in the experimental group. The data were analyzed by $x^2$, t-test, paired t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS 17.0. Results: Implementing a preference music therapy was found to be effective in reducing anxiety level before cystoscopy in the present study. However, there were no significant effects of this preference music therapy in reducing pain and anxiety during cystoscopy. In addition, there were no significant effects of a preference music therapy on the patients' satisfaction of the anxiety, discomfort, and pain relieving. Conclusion: The findings support that implementing a preference music therapy may reduce anxiety before the cyctoscopy procedure. Therefore, it can be suggested that a preference music therapy needs to be consider-ed as a regular nursing intervention to reduce patient anxiety level before cystoscopy.

• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.493-505
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study was to contribute to maternal nursing in the early postpartum stage and neonate nursing. Data were collected through self-report questionaires which were constructed to include perception of the newborn scale, parental role stress scale and anxiety scale. The subjects consisted of 81 mothers of preterm babies at seven hospitals in Seoul and Kyoungki-Do, from July 15 to September 30, 2000. Data were analysed by SPSS/PC using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, ANOVA, t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient. The results were summarized as follows ; 1. The mean of perception of the newborn in the early postpartum stage was 1.35. The mean of parental role stress was 10.78. The mean of anxiety of mother was 39.74. 2. There were significant positive correlation between parental role stress and anxiety of mothers. 3. There were not significant influencing general characteristics to perception of the newborn and parental role stress. General characteristics related to the level of anxiety were economic status, expectation of pregnancy, birthing order, newborn weight. The above findings indicated that the level of parental role stress and anxiety of preterm birth mothers were correlated. Therefore nursing intervention for reducing parental role stress and anxiety should be provided for preterm birth mothers.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.303-322
• /
• 2015

This study examines the relationship between library anxiety and computer attitude with references to the variations in the college students' gender, grade level, academic majors, frequency of library visits, and the perception towards mobile-phones in order to explore the possible measures for minimizing library anxiety amongst the students. The study results show the computer anxiety and the computer usefulness to be the computer attitudinal factors most closely correlated with the level of library anxiety. Our proposed solution is the development of a user training course and curriculum to lower students' computer anxiety while promoting greater computer usefulness.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.230-238
• /
• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine gender differences in self-competence, social anxiety and depression in upper level primary school children. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data were collected from 180 students in grades 5 or 6 (83 boys and 97 girls). The instruments used for this study were a self-report questionnaire, the Self-Perception Profile for Children, the Revised Social Anxiety Scales for Children (SASC-R) and a Depression Instrument. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression were used with the SPSS/PC ver 12.0 program. Results: The only gender difference was in depression and girls reported more depression than boys. Social competence showed significantly negative correlations with depression and social anxiety. Gender differences were found in self competence in the prediction of depression and social anxiety. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that there are gender differences in self competence which influence depression and social anxiety. Thus, enhancing self-competence could prevent social anxiety and depression in children but, differences in gender should be considered when developing programs to enhance self-competence.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.39-49
• /
• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of CD-ROM education on anxiety and self-care compliance in patients undergoing spinal surgery. Method: This study used a nonequivalent control time difference design. A sample of 51 participants received both CD-ROM education (n=25) or booklet education (n=26) regarding spinal surgery procedure and postoperative self-care. The data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire containing State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI Form Y-2), Visual analog scale, and self-care compliance. Result: The level of trait anxiety in the experimental group was not significantly different from that in the control group (t=-6.44, p=.523). The level of state anxiety in the experimental group was significantly lower than in that the control group according to time changes (F=4.17, p=.018). State anxiety showed significantly negative correlation to self-care compliance (r=-.30, p=.034). Conclusion: The education program using CD-ROM for spinal surgery patients can be applied to nursing practice for relieving state anxiety and promoting self-care compliance.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.77-90
• /
• 2014

Purpose: This study was a descriptive survey research that aimed to investigate the stress level of pregnant women and subsequent effect of emergency cesarean delivery on anxiety and subjective anxiety statuses. Methods: The study samples were 233, including 109 emergency cesarean delivery and 124 normal vaginal deliveries between May 1, 2014, and August 26, 2014, in the Gwangju Metropolitan City. Results: None of the results showed any significant statistical difference in psychological stress between emergency cesarean delivery during mid-pregnancy and normal vaginal delivery (t = 1.784, p = .076). Emergency cesarean delivery has a significantly high level of anxiety (t = 10.849, p < .001) and subjective anxiety statuses (t = 13.294, p < .001) compared with normal vaginal delivery. Conclusion: A prenatal education program for stress and anxiety from emergency cesarean delivery needs to be developed for more effective stress management.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 1975

Every patient, who enters the hospital has a potential for becoming anxious. The control of hospitalization anxiety experienced by hospital patients is considered to be an important factor in the process of recovery from illness. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between informativeness and hospitalization anxiety in order to give basic data for psycho-social aspect of nursing care for hospitalized patients. One hundred patients admitted to Kyungpook National University Hospital during the period of Jan. to June 1975 were sampled and divided into two groups; fifty of experimental and fifty of control group. The set of informations prepared by the investigator were given additionally to experimental group while the control group only received routine informations. Both groups were rated according to the Hospitalization Informativeness Scale which consisted of 24 questionaries and 4 categories and Hospitalization Anxiety Scale one or two days prior to discharge from the hospital. The results of the study were as follows; 1 . Mean values of Hospitalization Informativeness Scale revealed significant differences at 0.01 level with experimental group showing higher mean value. Age, sex ana educational states aid not influence the mean values of Hospitalization Informativeness Scale in both groups. 2 . The length of hospitalization did not influence significantly on the mean value of Hospitalization Informativeness Scale in both groups. 3. Rank difference correlation coefficiently between mean value of Hospitalization Informativeness Scale and the importance of information the patient's perceived were revealed significant at 0.01 level in all 4 categories such as admission discharge, treatment and nursing activities, diagnostic test, diagnosis and prognosis, health teaching for the patient and family in experimental group. While, only two categories such as treatment and nursing activities and health teaching for the patient and family in control group were revealed significant correlation. 4. Mean value of Hospitalization Anxiety Scale revealed significant difference at 0.05 level with the experimental group showing lower Hospitalization Anxiety Scale. 5. Correlation coefficiently between Hospitalization Informativeness Scale and Hospitalization Anxiety Scale were revealed significant at 0.01 level in experimental group but there was no significant correlation in control group.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.133-139
• /
• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of aromatherapy on headache, anxiety, and serum cortisol level in middle-aged women with recurrent headaches. Methods: Nineteen patients in the intervention group and 21 in the control group participated in the exercise. They were randomly selected volunteers whose average headache score over 6 months with above 4 points on the visual analogue scale (VAS). The experimental group received aromatherapy for 5 days; inhalation (3 times per day) and an application on the neck and both shoulders (one time per day). Prior and post treatment scores in headache, anxiety, and measurement of serum cortisol in experimental group were measured. Then, these were compared with the control group. The headache score was measured by VAS; anxiety score was measured by State Trait Anxiety Inventory; serum cortisol was measured by Radio-Immune-Assay method. Results: Decrease in headache, anxiety, and serum cortisol level in the experimental group was greater than those in the control group. Conclusion: It confirmed aromatherapy is effective in reducing headache, anxiety, and serum cortisol level.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.47-62
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study is to explore the antecedent factors to the piracy of the digital copyrights in order to provide basic data for piracy prevention policy. The findings of study revealed that most respondents had experiences to copy MP3 files illegally. And many respondents answered they didn't copy pirated material by themselves but others did piracy a lot. The feeling of quilt and anxiety against piracy is shown very low level. Low copy cost and regulation level significantly impact upon the cognitive level of other's piracy. Updated contents, the higher price of authenticated materal, piracy regulation are the significant antecedent factors to the level of piracy. The level of piracy activity and anxiety against piracy are significantly different by age. The cognitive level of other's piracy, piracy activity and anxiety are significantly different by gender.