• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.451-456
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• 2007

The potential antioxidant activities of methanolic extracts from soybean and rice fermented with Monascus sp. were investigated. M. pilosus IFO 480 and M. anka IFO 478 were screened as a suitable strain to promote the antioxidant activities in soybean- and rice- fermentation. The methanol extracts from soybean and rice after fermenting for 20 days at $30^{\circ}C$ resulted in a significant increase in the antioxidant capacities expressed as radical (ABTS and DPPH) scavenging assay and peroxidation inhibition (%) by thiocyanate method and increased (p<0.01) by a 2.6 to 3.1-fold compared with those of the unfermented products. The average antioxidant potentials of Monascus-fermented soybean extracts (MFSE) were significantly (p<0.01) stronger than Monascus-fermented rice extracts (MFRE). A linear correlations between free radical scavenging activity of MFSE and the total phenolics content (r=0.84) and total flavonoids content (r=0.81) were observed. These results indicated that MFSE exhibited stronger (p<0.01) antioxidant activity and contained significantly higher levels (p<0.05) of phenolics than MFRE.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.170-182
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• 2020

Wheat is an economically important cereal worldwide and is a staple food in many countries. Extensive researches have been performed on the nutritional value and antioxidant potentials of sprouts of legumes like soybean, however very limited studies have been carried out on the sprouts of Korean wheat cultivar. The objective of this study was to investigate the phytochemical and antioxidant potentials of Korean wheat sprouts. The sprouts were grown for 10 (WS-10), 20 (WS-20), and 30 (WS-30) days at room temperature. The pH, color, chlorophyll, free amino acid, 1,1-diphenly-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and total polyphenol content of the sprout samples were determined. The pH of sprouts was increased in the older sprouts. Color values were significantly influenced by the age of sprouts. The chlorophyll content was lowest but the total free amino acid content was highest in WS-30. On the other hand, the DPPH free radical scavenging potential and total polyphenol content were lower in WS-30. The results suggested that Korean wheat sprouts could be a potential source of nutrients and natural antioxidants.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.87-91
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• 2007

The needles of L. kaempferi was extracted with 95% ethanol and successively partitioned with n-hexane, $CH_2Cl_2$ and EtOAc. Repeated column chromatography on the EtOAc and $H_2O$ soluble fractions gave three flavan-3-ols, one flavone glycoside, six flavonol glycosides and one lignan derivative. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidences. The antioxidant activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging method. Flavan compounds indicated good antioxidative potentials compared with BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene) and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol as controls. In the anti-inflammatory test on most of the isolated compounds, NO (nitric oxide) assay against the RAW 264.7 (Mouse Macrophage) showed similar inhibitory potentials to NO production of the control. The cytotoxicity was determined by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and most of the isolated compounds indicated no toxicity in various concentration.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 2014

This study was designed to investigate the in vitro antioxidant potentials and the antioxidant components of 80% ethanolic extracts prepared from five edible spring flowers. The contents of total phenols (14.1-18.9 mg gallic acid equivalents/g of dry weight; DW), flavonoids (0.3-4.9 mg catechin equivalents), total carotenoids ($1.9-578.1{\mu}g$ ${\beta}$-carotene equivalents), and proanthocyanidins (2.8-23.5 mg catechin equivalents), were determined by spectrophotometry. In addition, the content of ascorbic acid (0.71-1.31 mg) was determined using HPLC with UV detection. All varieties of the flower examined showed antioxidant potential (1.2-46.1 mM Trolox equivalents/g DW), which was measured by the radical scavenging activity and the reducing power. Of the five flowers analyzed, Prunus avium L. showed the highest antioxidant activity. A strong correlation was found between the ascorbic acid ($r^2=0.75$), flavonoids ($r^2=0.71$), and total phenolic content ($r^2=0.64$) and the antioxidant parameters, suggesting that these components are likely significant contributors to the antioxidant capacity of the five spring flowers.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.198-203
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• 2006

The flowers of Chrysanthemum morifolium (Compositae) were investigated for their biofunctional components. Antioxidant compounds were identified from the flower of Chrysanthemum morifolium, through activity-guided fractionation and repeated column chromatographic separations. The structures of the isolated compounds were characterized as chlorogenic acid (1), luteolin (2) and quercitrin (3) by the analysis of physico-chemical and spectral data. Their antioxidant effects were evaluated by assaying for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity and inhibition of xanthine/xanthine oxidase activity.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.642-649
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• 2014

The antioxidant potentials of the methanol extract and its various fractions from Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb were measured as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging abilities as well as the reducing power decreasing NO in vitro. The methanol extract of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb showed significantly strong scavenging effects on free radicals of DPPH, ABTS, and NO. Hexane fraction (HF), ethyl acetate fraction (EF) and n-butyl alcohol fraction (BF) were prepared by solvent fractionation. By comparison of polyphenol contents among BF and HF, EF with high polyphenol contents showed the highest DPPH, ABTS, and NO scavenging effects with the value of 50.2%, 80.4%, and 65.7%, respectively, at the highest tested dose. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of various phenolic compounds in EF of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. These results suggest that EF could be considered as natural antioxidant sources and dietary nutritional supplements to prevent oxidation-related diseases.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.251-258
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• 2016

It is important to verify the identity of plant-based multivitamins prepared with a natural-concept and popular for daily consumption because they are easily purchased in markets with imperfect information. For this study, a generalized partially double-index model (GPDIM) was employed as a main statistical method to identify the contribution of vitamins and phytochemicals to antioxidant potentials using data on antioxidant capacities and chemical fingerprinting. A bootstrapping approach via sufficient dimension reduction is adopted to estimate the two unknown coefficient vectors in the GPDIM. Fifth order polynomial regressions are fitted to measure the contributions of vitamins and phytochemicals after estimating the coefficient vectors with the two double indices.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.1156-1168
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• 2020

Drought stress is threatening the growth and productivity of many economical crops. Therefore, it is necessary to establish innovative and efficient approaches for improving crop growth and productivity. Here we investigated the potentials of the cell-free extract of Actinobacteria (Ac) isolated from a semi-arid habitat (Al-Jouf region, Saudi Arabia) to recover the reduction in maize growth and improve the physiological stress tolerance induced by drought. Three Ac isolates were screened for production of secondary metabolites, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The isolate Ac3 revealed the highest levels of flavonoids, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities in addition to having abilities to produce siderophores and phytohormones. Based on seed germination experiment, the selected bioactive fraction of Ac3 cell-free extract (F2.7, containing mainly isoquercetin), increased the growth and photosynthesis rate under drought stress. Moreover, F2.7 application significantly alleviated drought stress-induced increases in H₂O₂, lipid peroxidation (MDA) and protein oxidation (protein carbonyls). It also increased total antioxidant power and molecular antioxidant levels (total ascorbate, glutathione and tocopherols). F2.7 improved the primary metabolism of stressed maize plants; for example, it increased in several individuals of soluble carbohydrates, organic acids, amino acids, and fatty acids. Interestingly, to reduce stress impact, F2.7 accumulated some compatible solutes including total soluble sugars, sucrose and proline. Hence, this comprehensive assessment recommends the potentials of actinobacterial cell-free extract as an alternative ecofriendly approach to improve crop growth and quality under water deficit conditions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.156-157
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• 2004

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2014

Hydrolysates of Trianthema portulacastrum in acidified methanol were evaluated for their total phenolic (TP) constituents and respective antioxidant activities using in vitro assays (i.e., 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, percent inhibition of linoleic acid peroxidation, and ferric reducing power). The observed results indicate that root, shoot, and leaf fractions of T. portulacastrum contain 50.75~98.09 mg gallic acid equivalents/g dry weight of TP. In addition, these fractions have substantial reducing potentials (0.10~0.59), abilities to inhibit peroxidation (43.26~89.98%), and DPPH radical scavenging capabilities ($6.98{\sim}311.61{\mu}g/mL$ $IC_{50}$). The experimental data not only reveal T. portulacastrum as potential source of valuable antioxidants, but also indicate that acidified methanol may be an ideal choice for the enhanced recovery of phenolic compounds with retained biological potential for the food and pharmaceutical industry.