• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.22 no.3 s.38
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• pp.579-589
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• 1992

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents are used to relieve pain and to reduce swelling in dental clinics. This experiment was performed to study the effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents in Sprague-Dawley rats on orthodontic tooth movement. Thirty rats were used and divided six groups of five rats each. The first group, administered saline and no orthodontic force, served as a normal group. The second group, administered saline and applied experimental force, was control group. The other four groups were administered Aspirin, Pontal, Tyrenol and Indomethacin each, and applied experimental orthodontic force by 1/4 inch elastic, inserted into the interproximal space between maxillary first and second molar in rats. All experimental rats were sacrificed after three days, and the specimens were sectioned horizontally five times serially, and counted the number of osteoclasts appeared at the compressed surface of interradicular bone on first buccal root of first molar on light microscope. The obtained results were as follows: 1. The number of osteoclast on the compressed surface of the interradicular bone on first buccal root of the first molar in the four non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents groups decreased in contrast to control group. 2. In non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents group, the number of osteoclast in Indomethacin group was least among the all non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents groups. From the above results, it was believed that the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents may have the inhibitory effect of tooth movement during orthodontic treatment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.67-73
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• 2007

There have been various inflammatory skin disorders in humans including atopic dermatitis, eczema and psoriasis. Although some drugs have been used for these disorders, there is an urgent need for safer and more effective topical anti-inflammatory agents. Plant flavonoids possess anti-inflammatory activity and some of them have multiple pharmacological mechanisms, inhibition of eicosanoid metabolizing enzymes, histamine release and/or down-regulation of pro inflammatory gene expression. These properties of flavonoids may be suitable for treating chronic skin inflammatory disorders. Especially, wogonin, some prenylated flavonoids and biflavonoids have a strong potential as new anti-inflammatory agents by topical application.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.33-41
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• 2020

Neuroinflammation is known as the main mechanism implicated in the advancement of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. The main feature of neuroinflammation is associated with the activation of microglia. The activated microglia increase proinflammatory cytokine production and induce progressive neuronal cell death. Citrus flavonoids show neuroprotective effects that are associated with the anti-inflammatory action of flavonoids in neurodegenerative diseases. Among these citrus flavonoids, kaempferol, naringin, and nobiletin show inhibitory effects on nuclear factor-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways that can modulate inflammatory conditions in microglial cells. In the present review, we present the anti-inflammatory activities of citrus flavonoids and therapeutic potential of flavonoids as neuroprotective agents.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 2012

The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases is not very well understood; it is currently thought to be caused by the interaction between genetic factors, environmental factors, intestinal microbes, and immune factors. Biological agents such as anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) are widely being used as therapeutic agents. Infliximab, a chimeric monoclonal IgG1 antibody against tumor necrosis factor, has been demonstrated to have an effect in the induction and maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease in children. The effects of biological agents, typified by anti-TNFs, in inflammatory bowel disease in children; the recent concern on the administration of biological agents in combination with immunomodulators; and 'Top-down' therapy are some of the topics covered in this review.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.91-94
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• 1998

In folklore medicine Drymaria cordata Willd (Family-Caryophyllaceae) is reported to have laxative and anti-febrile properties along with anti-inflammatory activities. Sikkimis used this plant to treat all these ailments. The anti-inflammatory effect of the methanol extract of D. cordata was investigated against carrageenin, histamine, serotonin, dextran and $PGE_1$ induced rat hind paw oedema. It exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity against all these phlogestic agents except $PGE_1$ in the order of carrageenin > serotonin > histamine. All these effects were compared with standard drug phenylbutazone in both the acute and chronic experimental models in albino rats.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.300-307
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• 2000

Expression of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes can be altered by xenobiotics, which represents changes in the production of reactive metabolic intermediates as well as toxicities in tissues. Metabolic intermediates derived from xenobiotics are considered to produce the reactive oxygen species including drug free radicals and hydroxyl free radicals, which would be ultimately responsible for drug-induced toxicities. The effects of 1,2-benzothiazine anti-inflammatory agents on the expression of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes including major cytochrome P450s, microsomal epoxide hydrolase (mEH) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were studied in the liver with the aim of providing the part of information on potential production of reactive metabolites and hepatotoxicity by the agents. The synthetic compounds 24, 36 and 39 exhibited anti-inflammatory effects in rats as assessed by the Randall-Selitto method. The anti-inflammatory effect was detected as early as at 30 min after gavaging the agents with the ED5O being noted at 80 mg/kg, which was comparable to that of ibuprofen. Treatment of rats with each compound (100 mg/kg, 3d) resulted in no significant induction in the immunochemically-detectable cytochromes P45O 1A1/2, P450 2B1/2, P45O 2 Cl1 and P45O 2El. Changes in the mEN expression were also minimal, as evidenced by both Western blot and Northern blot analyses. Hepatic GST expression was slightly increased by the agents: GST Ya protein and mRNA expression was ～1.5-fold increased after treatment with compounds 24 and 39, whereas GST Yb1/2 and Yc1/2 mRNA levels were elevated 2- to 3-fold. In summary the effects of the synthetic 1,2-benzothiazines on the expression of major P45O, mEH and G57 were not significant, providing evidence that metabolic activation of the agents, potential drug interaction and hepatotoxicity would be minimal.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.78-80
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• 1991

Ten 1,2,4-thiadiazolidines were synthesized and screened for their anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Butyl isothiocyanate was used as a starting material. Several compounds showed significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. The unsubstituted and o-methyl, p-acetoxy and o-chloro substituted compounds were found to be more potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents than the other compounds.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.25 no.4 s.99
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• pp.363-367
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• 1994

For developing plant anti-inflammatory agents, extracts from Lonicera japonica were obtained and evaluated for their anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities using acute/chronic inflammatory models and writhing tests. It was found that the extracts with a modified extraction method showed higher anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities than those of the extracts based on the ancient literatures.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.207-212
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• 2000

The root extract of pulsatilla koreana has been used as antibacterial, antiparasitic and anti-inflam-matory analgesic agents in Traditional Medicine in Korea. Thus anti-inflammatory and analgesic actions of the methanol and water extracts of the root were investigated by administration in oral and intravenous route. From the results, it is concluded that the extracts exhibited the potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic actions in intravenous administration, but did not show the actions in oral administration in animals.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.139-148
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• 2020

Red rose petals are usually disposed but they are an abundant source of phenolics and traditionally used as food supplement and as herbal medicine. Of the Various phenolics, they are known to have anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of red rose ethanolic extracts (GRP) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 cells. The results demonstrated that pretreatment of GRP (500㎍/mL) significantly reduced NO production by suppressing iNOS protein expression in LPS-stimulated cells. Anti-inflammatory effects by red rose petals were observed in the following. Red rose petals inhibited the translocation of NF-κB from the cytosol to the nucleus via the suppression of IκB-α phosphorylation and also inhibited LPS-stimulated NF-κB transcriptional activity. These findings suggest that red rose petals exert anti-inflammatory actions and help to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the potential therapeutic values of red rose petals. Therefore, red rose petals could be regarded as a potential source of natural anti-inflammatory agents.