• Title/Summary/Keyword: animal character

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Variations in the Seed Production of Pinus densiflora Trees

  • Kang, Hye-Soon
    • Animal cells and systems
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.29-39
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    • 1999
  • Current data on reproductive characters of endemic and native species are essential to provide a strategy for the conservation of these species. Red pine (Pinus densiflora Sieb. & Zucc.) is one of the dominant, native tree species in Korea, but its reproductive ecology is not well-known. In 1997, the pattern of variation in cone and seed yields contributing to the conservation of declining populations of red pines was examined. Plant height and dbh were measured, and several new cones were collected from each tagged tree after counting the number of cones on each tree. For a subset of cones sampled, the number of fertile scales, the number of seeds at three development stages (early/late aborted, and filled seed), seed wing size, wing color, and individual filled seed mass were measured. The three sites which differed significantly in mean plant size also differed in mean cone and seed production per plant. However further analyses showed that most variation in characters examined occurred among plants within sites, but not among sites. An average of 90% of the potential seeds on the cones aborted at an early developmental stage, demonstrating that early abortion is a major factor affecting the number of filled seeds per cone. Individual seed mass was the only character which exhibited significant variations among sites as well as among trees within sites. Individual seed mass was overall negatively correlated with both the percentage of late abortion and the number of old cones per plant, suggesting that both the past and current years' reproductive activities have caused variations in seed mass. The potential dispersal distance of red pine seeds is quite large. However, wing loading was correlated with seed mass and number in a complex pattern across the sites. Distribution of seeds with varied colored wings differed among sites and among trees within sites. These results suggest that red pines at different sites might possess different strategies to cope with selection pressures acting during the final phase of reproduction, from seed dispersal to establishment. Then the ‘fitted’ red pine trees at each site should be identified and managed to conserve or restore populations.

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Design of Fishing Game Based on a Cross-Platform Server

  • Chang, Jaewoo;Kong, Hyunseung;Kim, Soo Kyun
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.45-51
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    • 2022
  • Due to the spread of COVID-19, many local governments are burdened with the influx of large-scale tourists. As a climate that values Work-Life-Balance has emerged, interest in individual life and satisfaction is rapidly increasing. In addition, due to the popularity of the metaverse field, many people are increasingly interested in related content. In particular, "Animal Crossing: New Horizons" sold more than 15 million copies in 2020, and is enjoying exchanges of interior design, fishing, and collecting insects here. In line with this trend, this study introduces the development of online fishing games based on Jeju infrastructure. This paper focuses on implementation and development, and in particular, it introduces differentiated games through character animation optimized for developing a topographic model that maximizes the beauty of Jeju Island's topography based on the Unity 3D engine.

A study on the formative analysis of Chinese traditional women's clothing design elements and preference of modern Chinese women's clothing reflecting traditional clothing (중국 전통 여성복 디자인 요소의 조형적 분석과 전통복식을 융합한 현대 중국 여성복 선호도에 관한 연구)

  • Jizhen Li;Jihyeon Kim;Mi-hyang Na
    • Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.117-133
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    • 2022
  • In order to reflect traditional elements in modern design, designers should be able to creatively apply elements of traditional Chinese clothing. To understand this, a deep understanding of and insights into the traditional clothing culture are required. In this study, the characteristics of traditional Chinese women's clothing from the Wei, Jin, and Northern and Southern Dynasties of China to the Qing Dynasty were analyzed by dividing them into silhouette, color, pattern, materials, and detail. The characteristics of the silhouette were classified into A, H, X, and O types, of which types A and H were the most common. As for the color characteristics, there are relatively many five cardinal colors, and for the contrast of colors complementary colors were mainly used. As the for pattern characteristics, real patterns, animal patterns, character patterns, geometric patterns, and mixed patterns were used. Four types of materials were mainly used: silk, hemp, cotton, and wool. The detail characteristics were also anlyzed by classifying them into collar, sleeve, neckband, and gusset. Based on the results of this analysis, a satisfaction survey was conducted on the design of modern Chinese women's clothing. The result of satisfaction with design elements showed that the images of vest and suit were most preferred, H and X silhouettes, and yellow and white were the most preferred. Geometric and plant patterns were preferred, as were silk and acetate materials. Based on the result of chi-square analysis of design element preferences according to the characteristics of the subject, there was no difference according to occupation, residential area, or income, and there were differences in silhouette, color, materials, and detail according to age.

The Effect of Age on the Myosin Thermal Stability and Gel Quality of Beijing Duck Breast

  • Wei, Xiangru;Pan, Teng;Liu, Huan;Boga, Laetithia Aude Ingrid;Hussian, Zubair;Suleman, Raheel;Zhang, Dequan;Wang, Zhenyu
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.40 no.4
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    • pp.588-600
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    • 2020
  • The effect of age (22, 30, 38, and 46 days) on Beijing duck breast myosin gels was investigated. The results showed that the water holding capacity (WHC) and gel strength were markedly improved at the age of 30 days. Differential scanning calorimetry suggested that the myosin thermal ability increased at the age of 30 and 38 days (p<0.05). A compact myosin gel network with thin cross-linked strands and small regular cavities formed at the age of 30 days, which was resulted from the higher content of hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds. Moreover, the surface hydrophobicity of myosin extracted from a 30-day-old duck breast decreased significantly under temperature higher than 80℃ (p<0.05). This study illustrated that myosin extracted from a 30-day-old duck's breast enhanced and stabilized the WHC, thermal stability and molecular forces within the gel system. It concluded that age is an essential influencing factor on the myosin thermal stability and gel quality of Beijing duck due to the transformation of fibrils with different myosin character.

A Study on Chatbot Profile Images Depending on the Purpose of Use (사용 목적에 따른 챗봇의 프로필 이미지 연구)

  • Kang, Minjeong
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.18 no.12
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    • pp.118-129
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    • 2018
  • In AI chatbot service via a messenger, a profile image of the chatbot is the first thing that users see to communicate with the chatbot. This profile image not only manages an impression about the profile owner in SNS on followers, but also makes an important impression about chatbot services on users. Thus motivated, this study investigates proper profile images tailored for the types of chatbot services and users. Specifically, I reviewed the preferred images and expressions of chatbots for each purpose of chatbot service. Then, in a case study, I collected and analyzed the representative chatbot profile images for the purpose of fun and counseling. The profile images are categorized as robot, human, animal, and abstract images. Based on these categories, I surveyed the preferred profile image of the chatbot service in either the text type or image type alternatives. For the purpose of fun, in the text version, I found that both men and women preferred a human image to others. However, in the image version, men preferred woman and robot images while women preferred cute animation character and robot images. For counseling services, both men and women preferred woman and animal images most, which is similar to the results of the text version of questionnaires as well. While both genders consistently preferred real photo images, women tend to like abstract images more than men do. I expect that the results of this study would be useful to develop the proper profile images of AI chatbot for each service purpose.

A Study on Forming 'Body Schema' for Role Creating (역할 창조를 위한 '몸틀(body schema)' 형성 연구)

  • Song, Hyo-sook
    • Journal of Korean Theatre Studies Association
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    • no.52
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    • pp.319-357
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    • 2014
  • Formation of 'body schema' is the start for actor to create role and becomes the root and the foundation of existing as a role on the stage. For this, an actor needs to form 'scheme of role' with escaping from own 'body schema.' 'Schema of role' is formed by acquiring through synthesizing daily basic actions, namely, walking, standing, sitting, hand stretching, bending, and touching. The body schema, which was made with simple and usual actions, has fundamental significance in a sense of becoming the body in which the past traces in a role are habituated while energy as a role flows. As for the process of forming body schema, an actor first needs to obtain the visualized materials like photo, magazine, picture and image available for seeing a role specifically and clearly based on what analyzed a character. An actor needs to have three-dimensional image available for always recalling it in the head during acting. To do this, image data available for fundamentally capturing routine actions along with body structure are still more useful. Next, the body schema is formed by interaction with environment. Thus, there is a need of passing through the two-time process of forming body schema. Firstly, the body schema is made on routine actions in a role as physical condition of a role in actor's own everyday life. Secondly, the body schema is made on routine actions available for moving efficiently and economically in line with the environment of performance. A theatrical stage is the temporal space of rhythm and rule different from routine space. What forms body schema immediately in the second phase without body schema in the first phase ultimately becomes what exists as actor's own body, not the body of a role. The body schema, which was formed as the second process, is what truly has identity as a role in the ontological aspect, comes to experience the oppositional force in muscle, a qualitative change in energy, and emotional agitation in the physical aspect, and experiences perception, thinking, volition, and even consciousness with the entire body in the cognitive dimension. Thus, the formation of body schema can be known to be just a method of changing even spiritual and emotional layer. Body schema cannot be made if there is no process of embodiment and habit. Embodiment and habit are not simply the repeated, empty and mechanical action in the body. But, habit itself has very important meanings for forming body schema for role creating. First, habit allows the body itself to learn and understand a meaning. Second, habit relies upon environment, thereby allowing an actor of making the habituated body schema to recognize environment. Third, habit makes the mind. The habituated body schema is just the mind and the ego of a person who possesses the body schema. Fourth, habit comes to experience the expansion in energy and the expansion in existence. It may be experienced through interrelation among actor's body, tool, and environment. Fifth, habit makes identity of the body. Hence, this just becomes what secures identity of a role. These implications of habit are the formation of body schema, which is maintained with the body of being remembered firmly through being closely connected with the process of neural adaptation. Finally, it sought for possibility of practice as one method of forming body schema for role creating through Deleuze's '-becoming' theory. As 'actual animal-becoming' is real '-becoming' of forming structural transformation in the physical dimension, it meets with what the formation of body schema pursues actuality and reality. This was explained with a concept as saying of 'all '-becoming' molecular' by Deleuze/Guattari. 'Animal of having imitated animal's characteristic- becoming' is formed by which the body schema relies upon environment. In this way, relationship among the body, tool and environment has influence even upon a change in consciousness, thinking, and emotion, thereby being able to be useful for forming body schema in a sense of possibly experiencing ultimately expansion in role, namely, expansion in existence.

The thought and spirit of Sunbi of Kwon Sang-Ha(1641-1721) (수암(遂庵) 권상하(權尙夏)의 춘추정신(春秋精神)과 도학사상(道學思想))

  • Kim, MoonJoon
    • The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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    • no.23
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    • pp.155-180
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    • 2008
  • Suam(遂庵) Kwon Sang-Ha(權尙夏) was a very important character in the late Chosoen Dynasty. He was a representative of the academic circles(school of Uam) and political circles(Nolon; 老論) after Uam(尤庵) Song Si-Yeol(宋時烈, 1607-1689). He represented learning and thought and undertaking of his academic circles and political circles, and handed down to his pupils. He thought his mission was "lighting the laws of heaven and aligning the human mind," "stopping the heretical study and repulsing uncivilization", to reform good virtues of humanity and justice. Kwon Sang-Ha was a successor of Song Si-Yeol, He succeeded learning and thought of his teacher and practiced "Upright"(直) and the Thought of ChunChu(春秋). He emphasized "Upright" as a fundamental principle, like his teacher. He thought ChuHsi(朱熹, 1130-1200) was the master who had inherited the spirit of Confucianism and Chosoen was the only country to successfully inherit this spirit of Confucianism. He declared any study counter to the study of ChuHsi as a rebellious pursuit. Therefore he rejected all other studies. He tried to "stop the heretical 'ism' and repulse uncivilization" and present this ideology as 'the Right way of Human Society(世道)'. He made efforts to reorganize books of ChuHsi to make perfect Book of righteousness with Song Si-Yeol. And he established Hwayang shrine, MandongMyo(萬東廟), Deabodan(大報壇) etc, in memory of fidelity and large rightness. Kwon Sang-Ha did these undertaking to establish 'Public morals and the Right way of Human Society(世道)' with self-confidence. In Dispute on the nature of man and animal(人物性同異論), he gives his approval to Han Won-Jin's opinion. Han Won-Jin's opinion was "the nature of man and animal is Different"(人物性異論). Whenever serious political accidents occurred, he took the lead to protect his teacher, Song Si-Yeol. The reason he did this was not because of his personal feelings for his teacher, but because of promoting 'Public morals(世道)' and 'Confucianism.' Kwon Sang-Ha regarded Mind control Law of "Upright" and the thought of ChunChu as his moralities, and was concerned about real politics and opposed social irregularities. Kwon Sang-Ha succeeded Song Si-Yeol's thought of "Upright" and volition of making an inroad on the Chung(淸), and gave to his political circles(Nolon; 老論) as a law of mind and mission.

Probiotic Potential of Indigenous Bacillus sp. BCNU 9028 Isolated from Meju (메주로부터 분리한 토착 Bacillus sp. BCNU 9028의 프로바이오틱스로서 이용 가능성)

  • Shin, Hwa-Jin;Bang, Ji-Hun;Choi, Hye-Jung;Kim, Dong-Wan;Ahn, Cheol-Soo;Jeong, Young-Kee;Joo, Woo-Hong
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.22 no.5
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    • pp.605-612
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    • 2012
  • Spore-forming bacteria are being used as probiotic supplements for human and animal use, due to their low pH stability and ability to survive the gastric barrier. In this study, the BCNU 9028 strain was screened from meju, a Korean fermented soybean food starter. Biochemical and physiological characteristics, as well as 16S rDNA sequence analyses, indicate that this strain belongs to the genus $Bacillus$. $Bacillus$ sp. BCNU 9028 showed a 92% survivability at pH 2.5 and could also withstand 0.3% ox bile. Furthermore, it was postulated that $Bacillus$ sp. BCNU 9028 could prevent biofilm formation and adherence of food-borne pathogens such as $Listeria$ $monocytogenes$, $S.$ $aureus$ and $E.$ $coli$ on the basis of its autoaggregation and coaggregation capacity with food-borne pathogens. It was shown that BCNU 9028 has good abilities to adhere to the intestinal tract from its hydrophobic character (63.3%). The $Bacillus$ sp. BCNU 9028 strain especially elicited antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and -negative pathogens. These findings suggested that the $Bacillus$ sp. BCNU 9028 strain could be used as a potential probiotic.

Improvement of Boar Semen Quality by Sperm Selection Using Magnetic Nano-particles (마그네틱 나노비드를 이용한 돼지 정자 품질의 향상)

  • Chung, KI-Hwa;Son, Jung-Ho
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.26 no.8
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    • pp.943-947
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    • 2016
  • The objective of this study was to see if fairly simple magnetic nano-particle treatment enhances boar semen qualities. Boar semen samples were prepared from the swine AI center and samples were divided by 4 different motility groups (1, >90%; 2. 80~90%; 3. 70~80%; 4. <70%) using computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA) evaluation. Boar semen was extended using BTS extender and same number of magnetic nano-particles as total number of spermatozoa in each sample was treated for 20 min and collected for 5 min at room temperature. Sperm qualities such as motility and viability were evaluated by the CASA before and after treatment. Sperm abnormality and degree of agglutination were also evaluated under the microscopic examination before and after treatment. There were significant changes (p<0.05) on sperm motility from all 4 different groups in the average of 7.11% after treatment. The enhancement of sperm motility changes was more clear in the groups of lower sperm motile groups (<70% and 70~80%; 19.12±1.08% and 5.67±0.71%, p<0.05). The sperm motility character in terms of curvilinear velocity (VCL), straight line velocity (VSL), average path velocity (VAP) and linearity (LIN, %) showed also similar pattern but motility enhancement wear more clear in below 70% motile group. Average sperm viability was increased to 4% by magnetic nano-particles (p<0.05). The percentage of sperm abnormality was also reduced significantly (p<0.05) to the range of 3.7~4.5% before after treatment. The degree of sperm agglutination was also reduced in lower motility groups by the magnetic nano-particle purification.

Consideration of the name of a thing appearing in the Jangseogak Archives "Gugpung(국풍)" (장서각 소장 『국풍』에 나타나는 물명 고찰)

  • Lee, hyun-ju
    • (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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    • no.69
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    • pp.325-347
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    • 2017
  • In order to examine the characteristics of the name of a thing appearing in the "Gugpung(국풍)", it was compared with the name of a thing in "The Korean annotation of the Classic of Odes(시경언해)" We have examined the reason why the names of things in "The Korean annotation of the Classic of Odes(시경언해)" and "Gugpung(국풍)" appear differently in terms of the difference between the purposes of compiling the two books and reflecting the changes in language. "The Korean annotation of the Classic of Odes(시경언해)" does not provide a proper language for the names of flora and fauna that can be easily seen in the collective term of plants or animals or in everyday life. However, in the "Gugpung (국풍)", they also presented their own words. We found the reason for the purpose of compiling the "Gugpung(국풍)". "Gugpung(국풍)" is a book made for women's education. Therefore "Gugpung(국풍)" was made not only to learn the contents but also to learn Chinese character contained in the contents. Consequently, unlike the "The Korean annotation of the Classic of Odes(시경언해)", most of the names of the Korean things are presented Although the names of the native language of "Gugpung(국풍)" and "The Korean annotation of the Classic of Odes(시경언해)" are consistent with each other, many cases have been found that appear differently. In many cases, they reflected the change of the history of the Korean language in the early 17th century, when the "The Korean annotation of the Classic of Odes(시경언해)" was published, and in the early 19th century, when the "Gugpung(국풍)" wind was written.