• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.216.1-216.1
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• 2007

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.67-73
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• 2013

Food allergy is defined as adverse reactions toward food mediated by aberrant immune mechanisms. Cow's milk allergy is one of the most common food allergies in childhood. This allergy is normally outgrown in the first year of life, however 15% of allergic children remain allergic. Cow's milk allergy seem to be associated with casein (${\alpha}_{s1}$-CN), ${\beta}$-lactoglobulin and whey protein. In addition to this, many other milk proteins are antigenic and capable of inducing immune responses. Various food processing affects the stability, structure and intermolecular interactions of cow milk proteins, as a result reduction the allergenic capacity. Heating, hydrolysis, chemical, proteolytic and other processes such as gamma-ray irradiation, high pressure, using probiotics treatments of milk to obtain hypoallergenic milk have been developed to reduce allergic reactions.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.262-267
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• 2014

Royal jelly composes of many components, especially protein. Protein is a major factor which cause allergy. We focused on water soluble royal jelly (WSRJ) that was removed allergy - inducing protein. 10-hyroxy-2-decenoic acid content of WSRJ is 2.42 g/100 g, which is double compared to that of lypophilized RJ. To further access WSRJ as a cosmetic ingredient and potential external treatment for topical use, we investigated its ability to inhibit tyrosinase activity and melanin biosynthesis on melanogenesis in B16F1 melanoma cells. We found that WSRJ increased the cell viability in B16F1 melanoma cell and WSRJ (1~10 mg/ml) inhibited melanin synthesis in with 10 nM ${\alpha}$-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (${\alpha}$-MSH) for 48 h. WSRJ inhibited direct tyrosinase activity, which decreased melanin synthesis in ${\alpha}$-MSH stimulated B16F1 melanoma cells. Thease findings suggest that WSRJ induces the down regulation of melanogenesis by inhibiting tyrosinase activation.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.115-119
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• 2011

Soybean proteins are widely used for human and animal feeds worldwide. The use of soybean protein has been expanded in the food industry due to their excellent nutritional benefits. But, antinutritional and allergenic factors are present in the raw mature soybean. P34 protein, referred as Gly m Bd 30K, has been identified as a predominant immunodominant allergen. The objective of this research is to identify the genetic mode of P34 protein for the improvement of soybean cultivar with a very low level of P34 protein. Two $F_2$ populations were developed from the cross of "Pungsannamulkong" ${\times}$ PI567476 and "Gaechuck2ho" ${\times}$ PI567476 (very low level of P34 protein). Relative amount of P34 protein was observed by Western blot analysis. The observed data for the progeny of "Pungsannamulkong" and PI567476 were 133 seeds with normal content of P34 protein and 35 seeds with very low level of P34 protein (${\chi}^2=1.157$, P=0.20-0.30). For the progeny of "Gaechuck#1" and PI567476, the observed data were 177 seeds with normal content of P34 protein and 73 seeds with very low level of P34 protein (${\chi}^2=2.353$, P=0.10-0.20). From pooled data, observed data were 310 seeds with normal content of P34 protein and 108 seeds with very low level of P34 protein (${\chi}^2=0.156$, P=0.50-0.70). The segregation ratio (3:1) and the Chi-square value obtained from the two populations suggested that P34 protein in mature soybean seed is controlled by a single major gene. Single gene inheritance of P34 protein was confirmed in 32 $F_2$ derived lines in $F_3$ seeds, which were germinated from the low level of P34 protein obtained from the cross of "Pungsannamulkong" and PI567476. These results may provide valuable information to breed for new soybean line with low level of P34 protein and identification of molecular markers linked to P34 locus.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.114-124
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• 2000

In this research the results showed that Evans blue stain causes vascular permeation at antibody injection site by the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis(PCA) screening of octpus minor so we concluded. Octopus minor causes allergy. Psedosciaena Polyactis, Raja Kenojei, Metapenaeus joyneri also showed allergenicity. Microwave and autoclaving appeared to reduced allergenicity(up to 99%) during the technological treatment processing. On the other hand, UV light didn't seem to change the protein structure of allergens affect the allergenicity. Therefore, the technological treatment processing of fish such as canning and microwave would possibly reduce the allergenicity. Among the ultrafiltration fraction of Octopus minor, Pseudosciaena Polyactis, Raja Kenojei and Metapenaeus joyneri, those fraction over 100,000 contained allergen and those under 100,000 and when screening allergenic fish went through 10,000~100,000 ultrafiltration, only the fraction of over 100,000 showed the anaphylactis activity for PCA. However whether screening fish would cause anaphylaxis in human or not is questionable. The future clinical experiment will verify this result with clinical experiment patients.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.39-42
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• 2009

Soybean is an important sources of plant proteins for human and animal nutrition. The use of soybean proteins has been expanded in the food industry due to their excellent nutritional benefits. But, Soybeans contain allergenic proteins that cause allergies to sensitive individuals. ${\beta}$-conglycinin(7S globulin) and glycinin(11S globulin) are the major components of storage protein in soybean. ${\beta}$-conglycinin consists of three subunits, ${\alpha}^{\prime}$, ${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$ and exhibits poorer nutritional and food processing properties than glycinin. There is a great deal of interest in the development of soybean lines with reduced amounts of ${\beta}$-conglycinin. The objective of this study was to determine the inheritance of ${\alpha}^{\prime}$-subunit protein in 7S globulin. F2 population was developed from the cross of "Jinpumkong2ho"(${\alpha}^{\prime}$-subunit presence) and PI506876(${\alpha}^{\prime}$-subunit absence) parent. Total 98 of F2 seeds were obtained and analyzed for the segregation of ${\alpha}^{\prime}$-subunit protein by SDS-PAGE. Among 98 F2 seeds, 70 F2 seeds showed ${\alpha}^{\prime}$-subunit protein and 28 F2 seeds did not show ${\alpha}^{\prime}$-subunit protein. The segregation ratios of 3 : 1 for presence and absence of ${\alpha}^{\prime}$-subunit protein were observed(${\chi}^2=0.667$, P=0.414). These data indicate that presence and absence of ${\alpha}^{\prime}$-subunit protein is controlled by a single major gene and might be useful for strain selection of 7S protein reduced soybean.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.344-353
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• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Hydrolyzed formula is often fed to infants with gastrointestinal or immune issues, such as malabsorption or cow's milk allergy, because enzymatic treatment has rendered it more digestible and less allergenic than standard cow's milk formula (SF). Partially hydrolyzed formula (PHF) should be considered for those infants who are intolerant to extensively hydrolyzed formula. However, there are concerns about the nutritional insufficiencies of PHF. We aimed to evaluate the effects of PHF on the growth and health indicators in infants who were at high-risk of allergic disease and potential candidates for consuming PHF. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 83 infants aged 0-2 mon with a family history of allergies were assigned to consume either PHF or SF until 24 weeks of age. Anthropometric measures were obtained at baseline, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks; blood samples were drawn and evaluated at the end of the study. RESULTS: No significant differences were observed in weight, height, and weight-for-height at any time point in each sex between the PHF and SF groups. At 24 weeks of age, the weight-for-age and height-for-age z-scores of the SF group were higher than those of the PHF group, but there was no significant difference in the weight-for-height z-score. There were no significant differences in levels of white blood cells, hemoglobin, ferritin, protein, albumin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, eosinophil cationic protein, and immunoglobulin E. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, there were no differences in growth and blood panels between the infants consuming PHF or SF. Therefore, infants who are unable to tolerate SF can be fed PHF without nutritional concerns about growth.

• BMB Reports
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.86-91
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• 2024

The fatty acids content of castor (Ricinus communis L.) seed oil is 80-90% ricinoleic acid, which is a hydroxy fatty acid (HFA). The structures and functional groups of HFAs are different from those of common fatty acids and are useful for various industrial applications. However, castor seeds contain the toxin ricin and an allergenic protein, which limit their cultivation. Accordingly, many researchers are conducting studies to enhance the production of HFAs in Arabidopsis thaliana, a model plant for oil crops. Oleate 12-hydroxylase from castor (RcFAH12), which synthesizes HFA (18:1-OH), was transformed into an Arabidopsis fae1 mutant, resulting in the CL37 line producing a maximum of 17% HFA content. In addition, castor phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1-2 (RcPDAT1-2), which catalyzes the production of triacylglycerol by transferring HFA from phosphatidylcholine to diacylglycerol, was transformed into the CL37 line to develop a P327 line that produces 25% HFA. In this study, we investigated changes in HFA content when endogenous Arabidopsis PDAT1 (AtPDAT1) of the P327 line was edited using the CRISPR/Cas9 technique. The successful mutation resulted in three independent lines with different mutation patterns, which were transmitted until the T4 generation. Fatty acid analysis of the seeds showed that HFA content decreased in all three mutant lines. These findings indicate that AtPDAT1 as well as RcPDAT1-2 in the P327 line are involved in transferring and increasing HFAs to triacylglycerol.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 2005

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the clinical features and natural history of dietary protein induced proctocolitis (DPIPC) and to detect the causative foods of DPIPC, and to evaluate the effect of elimination of the foods on the course of the disease. Methods: Between March 2003 and July 2004, data from 30 consecutive patients with DPIPC who were followed for over 6 months, was reviewed. The diagnostic criterion used for DPIPC was an increase in the number of eosinophils in the lamina propria (${\geq}60per$ 10 high-power fields). In breast feeding mothers, 5 highly allergenic foods were eliminated from the maternal diet for 7 days, namely, allergenic food groups such as dairy products, eggs, nuts and soybean, fish and shellfish, and wheat and buckwheat. We observed the disappearance or appearance of hematochezia after elimination or challenge with the offending foods. Results: Before diagnosis infants were breast-fed (93.3%) or formula-fed (6.7%). Mean age at symptom onset was $11.5{\pm}5.1$ (5~24) weeks, and mean age at diagnosis was $17.8{\pm}9.5$ (8~56) weeks. Duration from symptom onset to diagnosis was $6.3{\pm}6.7$ (0~36) weeks. Mean peripheral blood eosinophil count was $478{\pm}320$ (40~1,790)/$mm^3$ and eosinophilia (> $250/mm^3$) was observedin 90.0% of patients. None of patients were found to have an increased serum IgE level. Of 15 patients that received sigmoidoscopy, nodular hyperplasia with erosion was observed in 93.3%. Of 27 patients whose mother ate the diet eliminated the 5 food groups, hematochezia diappeared in 74.1% of patients. Offending foods were identified as dairy products (37.5%), wheat and buckwheat (27.5%), fish and shellfish (20.0%), nuts and soybean (7.5%) and eggs (7.5%). A free maternal diet without patient's clinical symptoms was achieved at $29.4{\pm}8.7$ (9~44) weeks of patient's age, and a free baby diet without blood in stools was achieved at $37.5{\pm}9.7$ (12~56) weeks of age. Conclusion: DPIPC commonly occurs in exclusively breast-fed babies. Elimination of the above-mentioned 5 hyper-allergenic food groups from the maternal diet for 7days enables the detection of the offending foods. DPIPC is a transient disorder and 96.0% of patients can tolerate the offending foods at 12 months of age.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.29-33
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• 2010

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) seed is the main source of protein and oil for human and animal. The use of soybean protein has been expanded in the food industry due to their excellent nutritional benefits. But, antinutritional and allergenic factors are exist in the raw mature soybean. Lipoxygenase, Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI) protein, and ${\alpha}^{\prime}-subunit$ of 7S globulin are main antinutritional factors in soybean seed. Breeding of a new soybean strain with lacking these components is needed. The objective of this research was to select new soybean line with lipoxygenase-free, KTI-free, and ${\alpha}^{\prime}-subunit$ free (lx1lx1lx2lx2lx3lx3titicgy1cgy1 genotype). Total 434 $F_2$seeds were obtained from the cross of cultivar, "Gaechuck#2" and PI506876. Presence and absence of lipoxygenase, KTI protein, and ${\alpha}^{\prime}-subunit$ of 7S globulin was tested by SDS electrophoresis using a partial seed of each $F_2$seed. Only one $F_2$seed with lacking these three components was selected and was planted to $F_2$plant. Absence of lipoxygenase, KTI, and ${\alpha}^{\prime}-subunit$ protein was confirmed on the $F_3$seeds harvested. Selected line with lx1lx1lx2lx2lx3lx3titicgy1cgy1 genotype might be useful for soybean breeding.