• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
• /
• 2008.04a
• /
• pp.965-968
• /
• 2008

This study is interested in modeling the selection of optimal repair materials in view of the qualitative evaluation. In order to architecting the evaluation model of various repair alternatives, Analytical hierarchy process techniques was applied to this study. It is composed of aesthetics, easy-to-application, economical efficiency, and environment-friendly properties in upper level. Among the qualitative evaluation items, Environment-friendly properties and execution cost included in economical efficiency is highly weighted. It was concluded that the evaluation model by this study is very useful to choose the best alternative among various repair materials.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.168-177
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study is to investigate sustainable fashion flows and to outline their characteristics by analysing Esthetica as the largest trade-based sustainable fashion exhibition in the UK. Most of the researchers have focused on its ethical meaning rather than on fashionable criteria or marketable value. This pioneer work could be helpful in order to plan and study sustainable fashion flows. The research method is to identify characteristics of sustainable fashion trends through literature reviews and case studies focused on the UK, Esthetica events and participating brands. The following results were obtained. Upcycling suggests the extension of a product's lifecycle, a trend on the increase. Transparency is the crucial issue in sustainable fashion. Estethica shows that nurturing sustainable brands is one effective way of boosting the sustainable industry, as well as encouraging the production of sustainable products. Sustainable fashion has come to be included in mainstream fashion in terms of aesthetics and commercial competitiveness. Finally, sustainable fashion highlights quality of garments. Thus, Esthetica shows the present of sustainable fashion and its future, that is, sustainable fashion not just as a trend but a lifestyle for both its consumers and the industry. As the sustainable industry is a growing sector, it would be useful to carry out separate in-depth case studies on leading sustainable brands and qualitative aspects.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
• /
• v.32 no.5
• /
• pp.443-448
• /
• 2013

Objective: Purposes of this study are selecting main factors in evaluating the usability of mobile navigation and comprehending mutual importance among the factors. Background: Mobile navigation services have been more diffused than ever as the number of smartphone users sharply increased. However users are having trouble with the usage of mobile navigation services due to the lack of research in the area. Method: In order to attain results, general research on mobile navigation, 1st general survey, and 2nd comparative survey on navigation UI experts were performed. Empirical studies about the results were performed using AHP method. Results: As the result of AHP analysis, accuracy was drawn out to be the most important factor followed by accessibility and visibility. Regarding the characteristics of navigation system, the provision of accurate POI(Point of Interest) was considered to be the most important factor for the experts. And effectiveness was considered to be the most important, followed by satisfaction and efficiency. Conclusion: When evaluating the usability of mobile navigation, prior factors such as accuracy, visibility, and aesthetics should be considered in advance and general evaluation concentrated on effectiveness must be performed. Application: The results of this study are expected to be a fundamental data to mobile navigation design.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.165-173
• /
• 2023

When addressing rural housing issues, it is crucial to consider various aspects and adopt a tailored approach that takes into account the local characteristics and specific needs. Providing guidelines for different stakeholders, whether residents themselves or experts involved in decision-making, is essential for effective management and improvements. In this study, an in-depth analysis of the housing situation in the target area where the rural housing improvement project was implemented was conducted. This involved engaging with residents from three villages through in-depth interviews to gain insights into their perspectives and needs. As a result, a set of housing improvement guidelines were developed, which are specific to each stakeholder group and are tailored to address the criteria of safety, aesthetics, and living environment. These guidelines facilitate informed decision-making by residents and experts alike, ensuring that improvements align with the unique circumstances of each situation, promoting a more holistic and effective approach to addressing rural housing challenges.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
• /
• v.29 no.6 s.77
• /
• pp.637-648
• /
• 1999

Finishing is usually accomplished about four to seven months before the removal of orthodontic appliance in order to achieve ideal occlusion and excellent aesthetics. This process, called finishing, is the key to obtain excellent final results. Some of orthodontists believe it can be accomplished at the final stage of orthodontic treatment, and they complete it without their special rationale and criteria for finishing. However, it should be considered as a part of the total treatment plan from the beginning to end, and a guideline for finishing, which is based on rationale and criteria for the removal of orthodontic appliance, is needed to obtain the desired results. The guideline should include a checklist for finishing. This checklist is divided into four categories: occlusal, aesthetic, periodontal, and habitual factors. Occlusal fators include alignment, marginal ridge discrepancy, interproximal contact, anterior inclination, posterior inclination, over-jet over-bite, arch fen and functional occlusion. Aesthetic factors include gingival form, crown fen crown width, and crown length. Periodontal factors include root angulation, bone level, and black hole in periodontal factors. Habitual factors consist of mouth breathing, tongue position at rest, tongue thrust, lip biting, nail biting, and finger sucking

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.58 no.7
• /
• pp.76-91
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study is to prescribe formative perspectives as a framework where the aesthetic taste and demands of a certain period are embodied and to develop new analytical tools to examine the beauty of dress in terms of form. First, the theoretical tools selected for this study are Heinrich Wolfflin's formative perspective theory derived from art and Marilyn R. DeLong's framework for visual analysis of dress. Second, several issues that limited the development of a new framework for analyzing the form of dress were identified and addressed. Third, the selected aspects of dress form to be analyzed are specified. They are: silhouette, inner form, structure form, materials and patterns based upon the relationship between the body, dress and space in order to develop new formative perspectives. Based upon these theories a new framework for analyzing dress aesthetics in terms of form is developed. This reconstructed framework consists of three sets of antagonistic representational styles: closed form/open form, linear form/painterly form and multiplicity/unity. Closed form/open form represented in dress can be classified by the clear or obscure silhouette shown not only in the relationship between the dress and space around the dress, but also from changeability or invariability of dress in relation to the body. The material, pattern and various design elements are used as the central criteria to determine the linear/painterly characteristics in dress representations. Finally, the multiplicity/unity can be found in the relationship between the whole and the parts. Multiplicity is represented in dress when the parts have a visual priority over the whole, whereas unity is represented when a dress as a whole has visual priority over the parts. A dress represented with closed form, linear characteristic and multiplicity is perceived as a clear form. In contrast, a dress with open form, painterly characteristic and unity is understood to be an obscure form. It can be said that this study is the first attempt to establish the formative perspectives for analyzing the form of dress in various periods, cultures and races for the future studies.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2008

Five bases for of highways are sight distance, vehicle stability, driver comfort, drainage and aesthetics. Among these bases, the sight distance is the most critical one in the highway alignment design. It is certain that highways and drivers' observation actions are 3-dimensional in nature. But, the highway alignment design and the sight distance analysis have been performed on 2-dimensional planes because of various constraints and complexity of calculating 3-dimensional sight distance. The purpose of this study is to derive a model for determining exact available sight distance in 3-D combined horizontal and vertical alignments. Application of the model is illustrated using numerical examples. The proposed model should be useful in quantifying the criteria for 3-D highway alignments.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.157-169
• /
• 2004

This study aims to review the research trends concerning environmental psychology. The scope of review is limited to the papers that dealt with theoretical and case-directed investigation research about the relationship between socio-physical environments and human beings. The relationship has been investigated by diverse human reactions such as cognitive, emotional, analytical, behavioral, and comprehensive. 219 papers were reviewed in two steps. In the first step, the ratio of the papers in the field of environmental psychology to the total papers published in the Journal from 1973 to 2004 was analyzed. Second, all the 219 papers were classified by such three criteria as the type of the paper(theoretical, review, case investigation), the methodology taken, and the main theme of the paper. The main findings from the review are summarized as follows; 1. Out of the 219 papers, the number of the theoretical papers was 4 (1.8%), whereas the number of the case investigation papers was 185 (84.5%). 2. Out of the 30 review papers, the main methodology used was simple introduction (15 papers, 50%) and the main theme was research methodology (36%), whereas analytic comparison was used only in 10 papers (33%) and theory review was only found in 6 papers (20%). 3. Out of the 185 case investigation papers, experimental method was found in 34 papers (18%), whereas 99 papers used correlational method (54%). Based on the findings, it was suggested that both theoretical and case-directed research should be performed in order to enhance the state of art in environmental psychology. Theoretical research as a framework to understand the empirical findings are as important as the case-investigation research peformed by scientific experimental method.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
• /
• s.50
• /
• pp.453-478
• /
• 2018

Mobile learning, which provides educational services with a mobile platform, has been greatly expanding with the increasing spread of digital devices. The transition from PC-based online education to mobile-based education enables users to access online education anytime and anywhere. Despite this expansion of mobile learning, there is a lack of user-oriented content design. Therefore, this study intends to derive a measure to evaluate usefulness of the content design. We conducted a literature survey to reflect characteristics of existing measures, which evaluate usefulness and content of mobile learning. As educational mobile applications have both educational service and mobile device features, they can be representative of pedagogical usability criterion and can be divided into system and content areas to further develop effectiveness of learning. We conducted questionnaires on the use of these applications on 15 experts using the del phi technique. The analysis suggests the ease of use, learning efficiency, aesthetics, and ease of learning to be criteria of pedagogical usability. This study expects to serve as a basis to improve the usability of mobile learning users.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.903-916
• /
• 2012

We need to use aesthetic landscape assessment(ALA) as the means of riparian buffer zone(RBZ) management. This study verified the political validity of designation policy of RBZ and land purchase policy. The purpose of this study was to propose RBZ landscape management strategies through ALA of RBZ in Gyeongan Stream for the better attractive and healthy riparian landscapes. The natural type landscape units(LUs) covered 40.9% of the entire area and the cultivated land type LUs covered 20.58%. Landscape assessment consisted of landscape quality and landscape integration assessment. The criteria for assessing landscape quality(LQ) were naturalness, interest, uniqueness, and landscape function. LQ was ranked into five grades using a matrix. The landscape integration assessment consisted of an inner integration assessment in each LU and outer integration assessment among LUs. To review the propriety of designating the riparian area and the riparian ecological belt, differences in ecological appraisal and aesthetic valuation were reviewed through a t-test, Oneway ANOVA, and logistic analysis. The results of ALA, 29.15% of the entire area scored at grade 1 in LQ, while 31.95% scored at grade 5, indicating that grade 5 areas occupied a high share. Surveyed areas were divided into designated RBZ and undesignated RBZ. Results indicated that designated RBZ scored grade 1 in LQ took up 33.2% of the total, significantly higher than the 23.3% taken up by undesignated RBZ. When examined according to buffer distance, grade 1 areas within 50m took up 50.2% of the total area, lower than the 32.7% at buffer distances of 500m-1km. Results indicated a 1% statistically significant difference. Accordingly, analysis was undertaken for the expansion of designation of the riparian area and the selection of appropriate land for formation of a riparian ecological belt, and was designated at priority 1 and 2 for land purchase. This study can also contribute to the formation of a riverine eco-belt through discovery of design factors for upgrading the ecology, aesthetics, and landscape of the riparian area and application in determining land purchase priorities.