• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
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• pp.197.2-197.2
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• 2003

One of the consequences of hyperglycemia is the excessive nonenzymatic glycation of proteins known as Millard reaction. Under hyperglycemia the irreversibly formed advanced glycation endproducts(AGEs) do not return to normal when hyperglycemia is corrected and continue to accumulate over the lifetime of protein. AGEs are largely involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. To find possible AGEs inhibitor, BSA was added to a mixture of sugars and unprocessed-, processed Coptidis Rhizoma, Berberine, its standard compound or AG(Aminoguanidine HCl: positive control). (omitted)

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.224-229
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• 2013

Receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) is a multi-ligand receptor that is able to bind several different ligands, including advanced glycation endproducts, high-mobility group protein (B)1 (HMGB1), S-100 calcium-binding protein, amyloid-${\beta}$-protein, Mac-1, and phosphatidylserine. Its interaction is engaged in critical cellular processes, such as inflammation, proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, and migration, and dysregulation of RAGE and its ligands leads to the development of numerous human diseases. In this review, we summarize the signaling pathways regulated by RAGE and its ligands identified up to date and demonstrate the effects of hyper-activation of RAGE signals on human diseases, focused mainly on renal disorders. Finally, we propose that RAGE and its ligands are the potential targets for the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of numerous renal diseases.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.186-192
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• 2010

피부의 주름은 노화과정의 결과로 유도되어지는데, 비효소적 glycation 반응은 주름생성의 원인 중에 하나로 단백질의 비가역적 가교결합에 의해 생성된 최종당화산물(AGEs)이라고 불리는 갈색화합물을 생성한다. 비교적 반감기가 긴 collagen은 쉽게 glycation이 일어나고 collagen의 가교결합(cross-linking)이 일어나면서 여러 단계의 반응을 거쳐 최종적으로 생성된 AGEs가 피부에 축적되어 피부의 탄력감소 및 주름을 일으킨다고 알려져 있다. 피부 내에 glycation된 collagen의 축척은 피부의 탄력성을 유지하는 것을 방해한다. 수종의 식용작물로부터 항주름소재를 개발하기 위하여 메탄올 및 열수추출물을 조제한 후 AGEs 형성을 억제하는 활성을 검색하였다. 먼저 서양향신료 중에서는 월계수잎, 계피, 정향, 오레가노, 로즈마리, 사보리, 팔각과 한약재 중에서는 복분자, 달개비, 삼지구엽초, 가자와 해당화의 메탄올 및 열수추출물에서 최종당화산물 생성 억제활성이 높았다. 그러나 국내 식물 중에서는 단지 참취 및 녹차 추출물의 메탄올과 열수추출물만이 높은 활성을 보였으며 해조류 중에서는 활성이 높은 시료는 없었다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.239-245
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• 2017

노화는 생리학적으로 비가역적으로 일어나는 과정으로 노화가 진행됨에 따라 단백질의 산화화학반응 등으로 노화징후가 축적된다. 활성산소와 당화된 최종 당화산물(advanced glycation endproducts, AGEs 최종 당화산물)은 생체 조직과 세포를 공격하여 노화를 촉진한다고 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 항산화 물질로 알려진 aminoguanidine을 양성 대조군으로 anti-glycation 효과를 확인하였으며, methoxy PEG-45 thioctate(LA-PEG)를 농도별로 처리하여 anti-glycation 효과를 평가하였다. 실험결과 LA-PEG는 매우 우수한 anti-glycation 효과로 최종 당화산물(AGEs) 생성억제 활성이 매우 우수하게 나타났으며, 항산화 효과와 밀접한 연관을 나타냈다. 또, 세포노화 지표물질인 senescence-associated ${\beta}$-galactosidase ($SA-{\beta}-gal$) 활성을 사람 섬유아세포(HDF)를 이용하여 확인한 결과, LA-PEG를 처리하였을 때 염색된 세포의 수가 감소하여 세포의 senescence를 억제하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구결과, LA-PEG의 anti-glycation 효과 및 산화로 인한 단백질 손상에 대한 보호 효과가 우수하게 나타났으며, 항노화 화장품에 적용 시 효과적으로 적용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.383.2-383.2
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• 2002

Diabetic nephropathy is major chronic complication of diabetes mellitus. Advanced glycation endproducts(AGEs) are largely involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. The irreversibly formed AGEs do not return to normal even if hyperglycemia is corrected and continue to accumulate over the lifetime of protein. The AGEs inhibitor. aminoguanidine(AG), is the only protein glycation inhibitor currently under development. its safety however is desirable. To find possible AGEs inhibitor in herbal medicines, bovine serum albumin was added to a mixture of sugars and some of processed. unprocessed herbal medicines or AG. Cyperi rhizoma was processed in four different methods according to chinese pharmacopoeia and traditional literatures. In comparision to the negative control with no inhibitor and positive control with AG. alcoholic extracts of these processed cyperi rhizoma proved to have more potent inhibitory activities than that of unprocessed cyperi rhizoma. These results revealed that some processed herbal medicines have a more potent in vitro inhibitory action on AGEs formation than AG. suggesting the possible candidate for diabetic nephropathy from the processed herbal medicines.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.123-126
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• 2003

Advanced glycation end products(AGEs) are largly involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. It is obvious that inhibition of AGEs formation is important in preventing the occurrence and progression of diabetic complications. Therefore, to seek possible AGEs inhibitors in herbal medicines, unprocessed - und processed Puerariae Radix were tested. The inhibitory effect on AGEs formation was slightly increased through processing. Unprocessed-, processed Puerariae Radix and puerarin showed potential inhibitory action than that of positive control, amino guanidine HCI.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1131-1138
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• 2008

Diabetic complications are a leading cause of blindness, renal failure, and nerve damage. Additionally, diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis leads to increased risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and limb amputation. At the present time, 4 main molecular mechanisms have been implicated in hyperglyceamia-mediated vascular damage. In particular, advanced glycation endproducts (AGE), which are formed by complex, heterogeneous, sugar-derived protein modifications, have been implicated as a major pathogenic process for diabetic complications. Recently, AGE inhibitors such as aminoguanidin, ALT-946, and pyridoxamine have been reported. Such an integrating paradigm provides a new conceptual framework for future research on diabetes complications and on discovering drugs to prevent the progression of AGE-induced maladies.

• Interdisciplinary Bio Central
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.13.1-13.6
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• 2012

The advanced glycation endproducts receptor (AGER) is a multiligand signal transduction receptor. One of its ligands, S100b molecules activates vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells via its receptor, thus triggering activation of signaling cascades and generation of cytokines and proinflammatory molecules. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme Ubc9 is an E2 conjugating enzyme that transfers the activated small ubiquitin-related modifier to protein substrates, and thus it plays a critical role in SUR-Mylation-mediated cellular pathways. Previous studies have shown that both AGE-R and Ubc9 play roles in diverse cellular signaling pathways. However, until recently, little attention has been paid to interactions between AGE-R and Ubc9. In this study, sequence database searches allowed us to identify a potential interaction motif between AGE-R and Ubc9. The subsequent biochemical and molecular biological analysis suggested that there may be specificity in AGE-R and Ubc9 complex signaling in atherosclerosis and cancer cells in a cell-type specific manner. Although the determinant for specificity in AGE-R and Ubc9 complex signaling in cancer cells and atherosclerosis is yet to be determined, this study provides the basis to develop a specific therapeutic application of AGE-R, SURM (small ubiquitin-related modifier)-1, and Ubc9 complex activation pathways in atherosclerosis, diabetes, cancer and inflammatory diseases.

• 생약학회지
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• 제33권4호통권131호
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• pp.308-311
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• 2002

Advanced glycation end products(AGEs) are largly involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. It is obvious that inhibition of AGEs formation is important in preventing the occurrence and progression of diabetic nephropathy. In diabetes, this reaction is greatly accerated and is important in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, especially diabetic nephropathy. Therefore, to seek possible AGEs inhibitors in herbal medicines, unprocessed - and processed Magnolia Bark were examined in vitro as basic data for aniaml experiment. The content of magnolol in unprocessed Magnolia Bark was $0.796{\pm}0.072%$, and after processing was decreased to $0.586{\pm}0.101%(p<0.01)$. The content of AGEs was measured by their intrinsic fluorescence. The $IC_{50}({\mu}g/ml)$ values of aminoguanidine, unprocessed- and procesled Magnolia Bark are $38.845{\pm}8.36{\mu}g/ml$, $54.264{\pm}3.153{\mu}g/ml$ and $27.882{\pm}1.836{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. This result means that prcessed Magnolia Bark was more effective than aminoguanidine, as positive control.

• 생약학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.161-168
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• 2011

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) has been shown to play an important role in the development of the diabetic complications. The AGEs inhibitors or cross-link breakers attenuate various functional and structural manifestations of diabetic complications. In this study, 69 China herbal medicines have been investigated with an in vitro evaluation system using AGEs inhibitory activity. Of these, 28 herbal medicines $IC_{50}$=<50 ${\mu}g/ml$) were found to have stronger AGEs inhibitory activity compared with aminoguanidine ($IC_{50}$=59.77 ${\mu}g/ml$). Particularly, 5 herbal medicines, Camptotheca acuminata (stem, leaf), Eurya groffii (stem, leaf), Cornus Capitata (leaf), Mucuna birdwoodiana (root), Nelumbo nucifera (fruit, seed) showed more potent inhibitory activity (approximately 6-27 fold) than the positive control aminoguanidine.