• 아동학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.133-144
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• 2016

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the mediation effect of value of children in the relationship between maternal parenting stress and ideal number of children and to verify whether perception of the adequacy of national public childcare facilities moderates this mediation relationship. Methods: For the analysis, the 6th year results (2013) from the Panel Study on Korean Children by the Korean Institute of Child Care and Education were used. The main subjects of the study were 1,611 mothers with children aged 60 - 66 months. Results: First, there was a partial mediation effect of mother's parenting stress influencing the ideal number of children through the value of children. Second, the enhancing effect of the perception of the adequacy of national public childcare facilities moderating the value of children and ideal number of children was verified. Third, perception of the adequacy of national public childcare facilities had enforcing effects moderating the value of children and ideal number of children and mediation effects moderating the influence of maternal parenting stress on ideal number of children through the value of children. Conclusion: Based on the results, it was confirmed that the expansion of national public childcare facilities is a factor strengthening the maternal intention of birth.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.105-129
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• 2013

This study draws important factors in electronic Word-of-Mouth (eWOM) and examines how these influence the building of customer loyalty. eWOM is viewed as social communication between customers and sellers, and thus the communicative action theory is applied. With the theory, we identify reviewer and seller as influential players on customers, and derive important factors such as correctness and veracity of reviews from the reviewers' action, and information compactness and adequacy from the seller's action. We propose these constructs as antecedents of customer loyalty and further hypothesize their curvilinear impacts as follows: the marginal impacts of veracity and correctness will decrease as veracity and correctness increase, and the marginal impacts of compactness and adequacy will increase as compactness and adequacy increase. The result indicates that only the seller's action has a curvilinear impact, whereas the reviewer has proportional positive impact on customer loyalty. This study indentifies important factors in eWOM from a critical social theory perspective and validates them using the positivistic approach. For practitioners, it discusses the important factors in eWOM with the identification of the individuals who are responsible for these factors.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.689-698
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the diversity of food intake and nutrient intake among Korean college students participating in a nutrition education class via the internet. The subjects were 796 college students throughout South Korea (278 males, 518 females). A 3 days dietary recall survey was conducted and results were analyzed using the Computer-aided Nutritional Analysis Program. Dietary variety was assessed by DDS (dietary diversity score), MBS (meal balance score), and DVS (dietary variety score). Dietary quality was assessed by NAR (nutrient adequacy ratio), and MAR (mean adequacy ratio). As the DDS, MBS and DVS increased, the NAR and MAR improved. The subjects with a DDS of above 4 or a MBS of above 10 or a DVS of above 11 met two-thirds of the Korean recommended dietary allowance for most nutrients. The DDS, MBS and DVS correlated positively and significantly with the NAR and MAR. Associations between the NAR and high levels of DVS were more positive than those between the NAR and the DDS. Based on these results, the food intake of these subjects was not adequate. Specially, the dietary intake of calcium and iron were not adequate. Therefore, dietary guidelines should be made considering nutritional characteristics so as to improve the intake from all of the major food groups and provide a variety of foods in their diets.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to find the differences of financial structures of real estate and the factors influencing on it between two groups of subjective financial adequacy and non-adequacy for later years among middle & old aged households. The data were drawn from KREIS(Korean Retirement and Income Study) surveyed by National Pension Research Institute in 2007, and 3,889 couple households with householder's age over 50 were selected. Major findings were as following. First, only 19.3% of households answered that they had enough money for later years. And they had lower real estate-to-total assets ratio (.84) and lower residential house value-to-total assets ratio (.52) than the counter part. Second, for the group who answered that they had enough money for later years, the factors influencing on total real estate were found to be income, debt, and liquid assets.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.99-112
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• 2021

Purpose : This study aimed to comprehensively understand the work experience of the person in charge of the adequacy evaluation of small-and medium-sized hospitals and explore its meaning and essence in-depth. Methods : This was a descriptive qualitative study. The study participants were 10 nurses who understood the purpose of this study and participated voluntarily. Data collection was conducted via in-depth interviews in January 2021. The interviews were conducted 1-2 times per participant and lasted approximately 40-50 minutes per session. Data analysis was performed using a qualitative content analysis. Results : The work experience of the person in charge of the adequacy evaluation of small-and medium-sized hospitals included four themes: "difficulty in preparing for evaluation," "negative views on evaluation," "lack of a support system," and "positive improvements and changes due to an evaluation." Conclusion : Based on the above results, an education program and support system should be developed to strengthen the competence of nurses in charge of the adequacy evaluation of small- and medium-sized hospitals.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.319-329
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• 2021

The study examines the impact of bank-level factors like non-performing assets, capital adequacy, and insolvency risk on bank performance. This study employs a quantitative method with panel data regression. The data was taken from the annual financial statements of state-owned commercial banks and private commercial banks in Indonesia from 2015 to 2019 using a purposive sampling method with a total sample of 470 observations. The result of the study shows that non-performing assets (NPA) have a significant negative impact on bank performance. Capital adequacy has a significant negative impact on bank performance. Insolvency risk for a bank means it cannot repay its depositors because its liabilities are greater than its assets; therefore, it has a significant impact on bank performance. This study is expected to help banks to understand how to manage the risks they face and to maintain their performance. This study uses 'size' and 'age of bank' as control variables and for credit risk and insolvency risk, Z-Score is used.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.642-652
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• 2016

Purpose: In this single repeated measures study, an examination was done on the effects of dialysate flow rate on dialysis adequacy and fatigue in patients receiving hemodialysis. Methods: This study was a prospective single center study in which repeated measures analysis of variance were used to compare Kt/V urea (Kt/V) and urea reduction ratio (URR) as dialysis adequacy measures and level of fatigue at different dialysate flow rates: twice as fast as the participant's own blood flow, 500 mL/min, and 700 mL/min. Thirty-seven hemodialysis patients received all three dialysate flow rates using counterbalancing. Results: The Kt/V ($M{\pm}SD$) was $1.40{\pm}0.25$ at twice the blood flow rate, $1.41{\pm}0.23$ at 500 mL/min, and $1.46{\pm}0.24$ at 700 mL/min. The URR ($M{\pm}SD$) was $68.20{\pm}5.90$ at twice the blood flow rate, $68.67{\pm}5.22$ at 500 mL/min, and $70.11{\pm}5.13$ at 700 mL/min. When dialysate flow rate was increased from twice the blood flow rate to 700 mL/min and from 500 mL/min to 700 mL/ min, Kt/V and URR showed relative gains. There was no difference in fatigue according to dialysate flow rate. Conclusion: Increasing the dialy-sate flow rate to 700 mL/min is associated with a significant increase in dialysis adequacy. Hemodialysis with a dialysate flow rate of 700 mL/min should be considered in selected patients not achieving adequacy despite extended treatment times and optimized blood flow rate.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.68-82
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• 2020

Running title: Adequacy of dentist supply Objectives: The proper provision of dentists is very important for delivering the dental care that people need. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the adequacy of dentist supply and to predict the proper supply of dentists in Korea for the next 10 years. Methods and materials: Using the data from 2004 to 2017 in the Statictics Korea, the dental needs were measured as days of admission and the annual total dental care hours in 2020, 2023, 2026 and 2030 were predticted using regression analysis. The dental care productivity (average in-office hours) of dentists was analyzed using regression analysis including age, gender, education level and region as a confounder. The annual care hours were predicted according to seven scenarios based on the percentage of women among dentists, post-dentist education levels, the percentage of dentists in the metropolitan area, aging and retirement age. Results: The needed dentist based on the data in the Statictics Korea will be 27, 288 ~ 27, 311 in 2020, 28,104 ~ 28,1785 in 2023, 28,977 ~ 29,124 in 2026, and 30,174 ~ 30,413 in 2030. On the other hand, the number of dentists in Korea will be 26,945 in 2020, 28,813 in 2023, 30,682 in 2026 and 33,173 in 2030. The adequacy index of dentist supply will be -0.01 in 2020 to +0.10 in 2030. Conclusions: Our data showed that dentists will be adequately supplied in Korea for the next 10 years. Overall, the ratio between dentist versus 1,000 Koreans will be increased from 0.5 in 2019 to 0.7 in 2020, which will meet the mean of OECD countries.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.46-64
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• 1997

Background & Objectives : Korea is face with the social need for health care technology assessment so that it is urgently needed to found principles and methodology in technology assessment in health care. As a groundwork for health care technology assessment, we tried to prioritize medical technology for assessment. Among medical technologies, procedure is somewhat difficult to assess, compared to drug or equipment. In this study, we aimed at the prioritisation of medical procedure to be assessed, in terms of efficay, safety, and adequacy. Method : For the standardized classification of medical procedure, ICD-9-CM(International Classification of Diseases 9th edition - Clinical Modification) was used. Among the list the procedures coming under otorhinolaringjology and thoracic surgery were selected by three family physicians. The list of procedure was mailed to the board certified surgeons of both disciplines, with the question asking about the necessity for assessment in terms of efficay, safety, and adequacy. Replied questionnaires were analyzed in each procedure. Results : Of 560 otorhinolaryngologist and 480 thoracic surgeon, 114 surgeons replied. Of otorhinolaryngological procedure, incision, excision, and destruction of inner ear : fenestration of inner ear : stapedectomy and its revision were the most urgent technology to assess in the aspect of safety. For adequacy, operations on Eustachian tube: fenestration of inner ear: incision, excision, and destruction of inner ear were highly ranked in necessity, and for efficary, operations on Eustachian tube; external maxillary antrotomy; fenestration of inner ear. Thoracic surgeons replied thoracic procedures, lung transplantation; heart transplantation; implantation of heart assist system [pump] are most important for evaluation in terms of safety; and heart transplantation; Lung transplantation; Implantation of heart assist system [pump] in terms of adequacy, and surgical collapse of lung [Artificia니 pnemothorax or pnuexoperitoeum]; lung transplantation; periarterial sympathectomy in terms of efficacy. As a whole, surgeons regard safety evaluation is more urgent than adequacy or efficary. In addition, otorhinolaryngological surgeons regard evaluation of their procedures more urgent than thoracic surgeons regard theirs. Conclusion : By the questionnaire to board certified physicians, we get some preliminary data for prioritisation of technologies to assess. Through the questionnaire like this, much information would be gathered for technology assessment, especially for medical procedure, if not enough. In the near future, well structured expert opinion gathering research, such as modified Delphi or nominal group technique, should be done succeedingly.

• 한국사회정책
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.1-24
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• 2016

본 연구는 서구 국가들이 최근의 연금개혁을 통해서 전통적인 베버리지형 연금체제와 비스마르크형 연금체제 구분에서 벗어나 재정적 지속가능성과 적절성 측면에서 유사해지고 있는지를 영국, 독일, 스웨덴의 비교를 통해 살펴본다. 지난 20여 년간의 연금개혁을 통해서 베버리지형과 비스마르크형 연금체제의 격차는 줄어들 것으로 보이며, 특히 급여의 적절성 기준으로 세 국가의 연금제도가 수렴하고 있는 경향이 발견된다. 재정적 지속가능성의 경우에는 세 국가의 공적연금 지출 수준이 수렴하고 있다고 단정할 수는 없으나, 10여 년 전의 추계에 비해서 향후 지출 수준의 차이는 크게 줄어들었으며, 각 국의 인구고령화 정도의 차이를 고려하는 경우 재정적 지속가능성 측면에서도 수렴 경향이 발견된다. 이 연구는 우리나라 연금 논의에서도 재정적 지속가능성과 적절성에 대한 소모적 논쟁 대신, 선진국에서 수렴하고 있는 지출과 소득대체율 범위에서 재정적 지속가능성과 적절성 사이의 합의가 필요함을 시사한다.