• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.665-677
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• 2019

This study utilizes large-scale shake table test to investigate the seismic performance of an isolated bridge with lead rubber bearings crossing an active fault. Two transverse restraining systems with and without shear keys are tested by applying spatially varying ground motions. It is shown that the near-fault span exhibits larger bearing displacement than the crossing-fault span. Bridge piers away from the fault rupture are more vulnerable than those adjacent to the fault rupture by attracting more seismic demand. It is also verified that the shear keys are effective in restraining the bearing displacement on the near-fault span, particularly under the large permanent ground displacement.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2023

This paper presents a fault tolerant control strategy for Steer-by-Wire (SbW) systems. Among many problems to be solved before commercialization of SbW systems, maintaining reliability and fault tolerance in such systems are the most pressing issues. In most previous studies, dual steering motors are used to achieve actuation redundancy. However, relatively few studies have been conducted to introduce fault tolerant control strategies using rear wheel steering system. In this work, an actuator fault in front wheel steering is compensated by active rear wheel steering. The proposed fault tolerant control algorithm consists of disturbance observer and sliding mode control. The fault tolerant control performance of the proposed approach is validated via computer simulation studies with Carsim vehicle dynamics software and MATLAB/Simulink.

• 전자공학회논문지A
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• 제33A권11호
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• pp.32-43
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• 1996

In this paper we wanted to implement a reliable ISDN PABX that could maintain the user's voice and data communication services, even when there might be an unexpected system error. In order to implement the fault-tolerance we made this ISDN PABX composed of an active and a standby side by duplicating the main control parts. Whenever a critical error occurs in the active side, it makes side exchange so that the standby side as anew active side continues to proceed the currently active voice or data services. Finally, through the performance evaluation we proved that user's voice or data communication can be serviced without any sense in spite of an system error.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.63-83
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• 2021

In the southeastern part of the Korean Peninsula, the Yangsan Fault, an active fault zone, has developed. Many earthquakes occur around these faults, and the possibility of earthquakes occurring along the branch faults is being discussed. On the other hand, the Yeongdeok Fault is reported in Yeongdeok-gun, which is the northern part of the Yangsan fault. In this study, goemorphic characteristics of a set faults found on the outcrop of the gentle slope of the coast of Byeonggok-myeon were analyzed and granulometric and geochemical characteristics of sediments and other materials, including fault gouges were analyzed. The outcrop of Byeonggok-myeon is the part of the fault core and can be divided into two parts. Theses fault are formed on the upper part of the Mesozoic bedrock and the tertiary sedimentary layer of red sand-supported clasts are covered in several sedimentary units. The faults were normal fault sets, and a number of vertical cracks were developed, and glossy surfaces were observed in the fault area. It appears that these faults have occurred after alluvial deposition had been formed. In the case of samples from fault gouges, there were differences in particle size and geochemical characteristics from the surrounding area.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.775-790
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• 2008

본 연구는 강원도 평창군의 진부 단층선을 대상으로, 단층 및 하천 지형의 분포 특성과 단층 파쇄 점토의 광물 조성을 분석하여, 활단층의 존재 가능성을 살펴보았다. 진부 단층선을 따라 오대천의 상류와 연곡천 상류는 뚜렷한 단층선곡을 형성하고 있다. 진부 단층선의 남단인 간평리의 오대천 우안의 사면에서는 삼각말단면, 단층잔구, 단층와지, 선상지 등 단층 작용과 관계된 지형들이 선상으로 분포하고 있다. 단층와지에 위치한 5개의 노두($jbf1{\sim}5$)에서는 단층 파쇄 점토대가 형성되어 있다. 특히, 화강암 풍화층에 발달한 단층 노두인 jbf1은 뚜렷한 단층면을 가지며, 일라이트와 로몬타이트를 함유한 단층점토가 확인되고 있다. jbf4-2-3-5를 잇는 진부 단층선은 매우 오래전부터 작용했던 광역적 인 압축 응력에 의한 것일 가능성이 크고, jbf1 단층은 신생대 제4기 플라이스토세 후기 이전의 시기에 발생한 진부 단층선의 지류 단층일 것으로 판단된다. 진부 단층선 동 서측 지괴의 수직적 변위 속도는 $0.024{\sim}0.027m/ka$로 계산되었다.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2002년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.11-18
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• 2002

The Ulsan fault with NNW-SSE strike is a very wide and long lineament about 50km along Gyeungju-Ulsan line in the southeastern part of Korea. According to previous studies the Ulsan fault was not considered as a fault but only long lineament since no displacement was found along the lineament. Recently several Quaternary faults were reported in the northeastern part of lineament, which implies the neotectonic movement in this area. We analysed drainage pattern and stream gradient using the DEM (Digital Elevation Model) data for both side of Ulsan fault line to check the recent topographic changes which indicate neotectonic movement. The result shows that stream index in the eastern part of Ulsan fault is higher than the one in the western part. This means that recent tectonic movement is more active in the eastern part of Ulsan fault.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.426-436
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• 1998

Identification of fault current during the operation of a power semiconductor switch and activation of suitable remedial actions are important for reliable operation of power converters. A short circuit is a basic and severe fault situation in a circuit structure such as voltage source converters. This paper presents a new active protection circuit for fast and precise clamping and safe shutdown of fault currents of the IGBTs. This circuit allows operation of the IGBTs with a higher on-state gate voltage, which can thereby reduce the conduction loss in the device without compromising the short circuit protection characteristics. The operation of the circuit is studied under various conditions, considering variation of temperature, rising rate of fault current, gate voltage value, and protection circuit parameters. An evaluation of the operation of the circuit is made using IGBTs from different to confirm the effectiveness of the protection circuit.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제26권2_1호
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• pp.231-238
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• 2023

This paper develops the theory for a novel fault-tolerant, permanent magnet biased, 6-active-pole, homopolar magnetic bearing. The Lagrange Multiplier optimization with equality constraints is utilized to calculate the optimal distribution matrices for the failed bearing. some numerical examples of distribution matrices are provided to illustrate the new theory. Simulations show that very much the same dynamic responses (orbits or displacements) are maintained throughout failure events (up to any combination of 3 coils failed for the 6 pole magnetic bearing) while currents and fluxes change significantly. The overall load capacity of the bearing actuator is reduced as coils fail. The same magnetic forces are then preserved up to the load capacity of the failed bearing.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.17-24
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• 1972

단순한 외부 측정만으로써 수동 및 능동 회로망에서의 한개의 결함요소(Faulty Element)를 결정하기위해서 벡터를 이용한 한 방법을 연구했다. 큰 회로망은 몇개의 작은 회로망이 연결되었다고 생각할 수 있다. 여러 주파수에서의 전달 함수의 크기와 회로요소의 변화와의 사이에서 일어나는 관계를 이용함으로써 Fault Simulation Curve를 그릴 수 있다. 이곡선으로부터 결함식별영역(Fault Identification Region)을 정의한다. 정의된 결함식별영역에 따라 결함시별 매트릭스(Fault Irlentification Matrix)가 형성된다. 어떤 회로로부터 측정된 치를 성분으로하는 벡터를 결함식별 매트릭스에 곱해줌으로써 다른 한개의 벡터를 유도하는데 이유도된 벡터의 성분이 회로의 결함요소를 식별해주는 것이다. 결함식별방법을 위한 한 시험절차가 계시되고 실험에 의하여 입증되었다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.53-64
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• 2022

This study proposes an intelligent semi-active isolation system combining a variable-stiffness control device and ground motion characteristic prediction. To determine the optimal control parameter in real-time, a genetic algorithm (GA)-fuzzy control law was developed in this study. Data on various types of ground motions were collected, and the ground motion characteristics were quantified to derive a near-fault (NF) characteristic ratio by employing an on-site earthquake early warning system. On the basis of the peak ground acceleration (PGA) and the derived NF ratio, a fuzzy inference system (FIS) was developed. The control parameters were optimized using a GA. To support continuity under near-fault and far-field ground motions, the optimal control parameter was linked with the predicted PGA and NF ratio through the FIS. The GA-fuzzy law was then compared with other control laws to verify its effectiveness. The results revealed that the GA-fuzzy control law could reliably predict different ground motion characteristics for real-time control because of the high sensitivity of its control parameter to the ground motion characteristics. Even under near-fault and far-field ground motions, the GA-fuzzy control law outperformed the FPEEA control law in terms of controlling the isolation layer displacement and the superstructure acceleration.