• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.379-383
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• 1996

Cryptosporidium parvum causes a life-threatening diarrhea in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. THe sporozoite stage of C. parvum has been known to be a target in treating cryptosporidiosis in AIDS patients as it is an extracellular stage. A sporozoite was ultrastructurally observed. It has a creascent shape with a rounded posterior end and a tapering body. The compact nucleus was located at the posterior end. A monoclonal antibody was produced, which recognized a 43 kDa of sporozoite antigens in a western blot analysis and showed the surface labeling in immunofluorescence.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.29-37
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• 1995

We diagnosed a patient with chronic dry mouth for 3 years as definite Sjogren's syndrome by the criteria for diagnosis of Sjogren's syndorne proposed by the 1st international seminar on Sjogren's syndrome. The clinical immunologic , hematologic, scintigraphic, and histologic examinations were performed. The patient showed severe xeorstomia, keratoconjunctiva sicca, severe infiltration of lymphocytes in minor salivary glands, and evidences of autoantibodies. The patient's history and clinical findings excluded preexisting lymphoma, graft-versus-host disease, acquired immunodeficiency disease, and sarcoidosis.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.159-166
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• 2017

항레트로바이러스제 치료의 확립, 조기치료로 HIV 감염인들의 바이러스의 조절과 면역저하의 개선이 이루어지고 있다. 다수의 환자들이 더 이상 에이즈 관련 합병증으로 사망하지 않고, 심혈관질환, 대사성질환, 간질환, 신장질환, 신경계질환과 같은 만성합병질환을 갖고 고령화되고 있다. 그러나 지금도 여전히 사회적 차별과 낙인이 존재하는 가운데 후기 발현자로 후천면역결핍증 상태로 방문하여 사망하거나 중증의 신경계합병증으로 장애를 갖는 환자들이 있다. 환자의 다양한 증상들에 대해 이른 시기부터의 완화의료적 접근이 필요하다. 원위 대칭성 감각 다발신경병증 등의 환자의 만성 통증은 저평가되어 왔고 이에 대한 적극적인 통증 중재가 필요하다. 이전 호스피스 기준은 현재 시점에서 새롭게 제시한다. 감염인의 약제 지속 등의 의학적 필요, 심리적 상태, 사회적 여건에 대한 이해가 필요하다. 표준주의 감염관리 원칙을 준수한다면 만성질환으로서의 보편적 호스피스 진료의 제공이 가능하겠다. 생의 말기 빠르고 적극적인 호스피스팀의 개입을 통해 환자들이 존엄하게 삶을 마무리하실 수 있도록 임상경험이 늘어나고, 제도가 마련되길 바란다.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제79권6호
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• pp.359-364
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• 2018

크립토코쿠스 수막염 면역재구성 염증증후군은 역설적 크립토코쿠스 수막염 면역재구성 염증증후군과 증상이 드러나는 크립토코쿠스 수막염 면역재구성 염증증후군의 두 가지 형태가 있다. 역설적 크립토코쿠스 수막염 면역재구성 염증증후군과 크립토코쿠스 수막염 재발을 구별하는 것은 중요하다. 왜냐하면 면역재구성 염증증후군 없는 크립토코쿠스 수막염보다 면역재구성 염증증후군이 있는 크립토 코쿠스 수막염의 사망율이 더 높고, 역설적 크립토코쿠스 수막염 면역재구성 염증증후군과 크립토코쿠스 수막염 재발은 다른 치료를 요구하기 때문이다. 우리는 인간면역결핍바이러스 감염환자의 3년의 추적기간 동안 임상 소견과 자기공명영상 소견이 잘 대조된 역설적 크립토코쿠스 수막염 면역재구성 염증증후군의 사례와 감별에 도움이 되는 새로운 자기공명영상 소견을 보고하고자 한다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.574-579
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• 1999

저자들은 신증후군에 동반된 거대세포바이러스 폐렴 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.71-79
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• 1995

The purpose of this paper is to review the literature of AIDS/HIV (acquired immune deficiency syndrome/human immunodeficiency virus) and to introduce physical therapy of the AIDS client. It was first reported that five young homosexual men, in 1981 in Los Angeles, died of pneumonia caused by pneumocystis carinii - called "pest of twentieth century". AIDS was implied a fatal breakdown of the functioning of the normal human immune system. The major routes of transmission has occurred via l)sexual contact between men, 2)heterosexual intercourse, 3)contaminated blood and blood products, and 4)intrauterine or pre-natal infection from mothers. AIDS clients who may require physical therapy for a wide range of problems due to respiratory, neurological, musculoskeletal and painful syndromes as well as general decline in fitness and function. AIDS is growing rapidly in our contury as well as all over the world. Therefore, physical therapist has to correct his understandings of AIDS in order to protect himself and to give proper physical therapy to the AIDS clients.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.67.1-67.15
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• 2023

Background: Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) causes an acquired immunodeficiency-like syndrome in cats. FIV is latent. No effective treatment has been developed for treatment the infected cats. The first and second generations non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) for HIV treatment, nevirapine (NVP) and efavirenz (EFV), and rilpivirine (RPV), were used to investigate the potential of NNRTIs for treatment of FIV infection. Objective: This study aims to use experimental and in silico approaches to investigate the potential of NNRTIs, NVP, EFV, and RPV, for inhibition of FIV reverse transcriptase (FIV-RT). Methods: The FIV-RT and human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase (HIV-RT) were expressed and purified using chromatography approaches. The purified proteins were used to determine the IC₅₀ values with NVP, EFV, and RPV. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis was used to calculate the binding affinities of NNRTIs to HIV-RT and FIV-RT. The molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulations were used to demonstrate the mechanism of FIV-RT and HIV-RT with first and second generation NNRTI complexes. Results: The IC₅₀ values of NNRTIs NVP, EFV, and RPV against FIV-RT were in comparable ranges to HIV-RT. The SPR analysis showed that NVP, EFV, and RPV could bind to both enzymes. Computational calculation also supports that these NNRTIs can bind with both FIV-RT and HIV-RT. Conclusions: Our results suggest the first and second generation NNRTIs (NVP, EFV, and RPV) could inhibit both FIV-RT and HIV-RT.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.286-291
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of OraQuick tests in previously reported articles. Methods: The literature was searched using Pubmed Medline with keywords, such as "OraQuick" or "rapid HIV test". Articles that included the specificity and sensitivity of this device were reviewed. Results: A total of 11 journal articles including 3 domestic articles were reviewed. The sensitivity of the OraQuick Test was reported to be 97.8 to 100% and its specificity was 98.8 to 100%. Conclusion: The results indicated that the simple OraQuick assay has proven to be accurate and it can be used to detect patients with HIV and to prevent the spread of HIV on test screens.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.594-599
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• 2016

Infection with HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus), over time, develops into acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The development of non-toxic and effective anti-HIV drugs is one of the most promising strategies for the treatment of AIDS. In this study, we investigated the anti-HIV-1 activity of gelatin hydrolysates from Alaska pollack skin. Gelatin hydrolysates were prepared using four enzymes (alcalase, flavourzyme, neutrase, and pronase E). Among these, the pronase E gelatin hydrolysate was found to inhibit HIV-1 infection in the human T cell-line MT4. It exhibited inhibitory activity on HIV-1_IIIB-induced cell lysis, reverse transcriptase activity, and viral p24 production at noncytotoxic concentrations. Moreover, it decreased the activation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in vitro. Because HIV infection-induced activation of MMP-2 can accelerate collagen resolution and collapse of the immune system, pronase E gelatin hydrolysate might prevent the activation of MMP-2 in cells, resulting in collagen stabilization and immune cell homeostasis consistent with anti-HIV activation. These results suggest that pronase E gelatin hydrolysate could potentially be incorporated into a novel therapeutic agent for HIV/AIDS patients.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2014

Purpose - This paper investigates whether one's occupation influences one's attitude toward people with HIV/AIDS and suggests ways to counter HIV-related stigma in different work settings. Two samples comprising workers in different environments and occupations with contrasting personalities were chosen. Thus, security guards (authoritarian types) and catering workers (social types) were included. Research design, data, and methodology - The sample comprised246 service staff from the Rhodes University Catering Division and the Hi-Tec Security company, both in Grahamstown, South Africa, a small Eastern Cape province town. All employees at these organizations during the survey were eligible to participate. Results -The security sample displays significantly higher personal stigma scores than the catering sample, according to the Visser personal stigma scale (mean scores of 4.01 and 1.37, respectively; t=10.30, df=244, p=0.00). Similar results were found using Visser subscales. Conclusions - This study shows that occupation is a strong predictor of HIV-related stigma in the workplace, suggesting that workplace settings, by attracting particular personalities and influencing workers, may shape attitudes towards those who are HIV positive.