• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.309-316
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• 2011

Fatty liver disease refers to a range of disorders associated with fatty liver, which occur in excessive eating, evident infection or significant consumption of alcohol. This study was to investigate the effects of water and ethanol extracts of Triticum aestivum young leaf on lipid metabolism and accumulation in liver of mice fed with high-fat diet. Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into normal diet group, high fat diet (HFD) group, high fat diet group administrated with 200 mg/kg/day of T. aestivum water extract (HFD-TAWE) and high-fat group administrated with 200 mg/kg/day of T. aestivum ethanol extract (HFD-TAEE). TAWE and TAEE were administrated orally for 5 weeks once at the same time point. Both TAWE and TAEE significantly reduced body weight, food intake and liver tissue weight, which were augmented in high fat-fed mice. The serum levels of triglyceride, total and LDL-cholesterol also were significantly attenuated in both HFD-TAWE and HFD-TAEE groups compared to the HFD group. Moreover, administration of HFD-TAWE or HFD-TAEE reduced the lipid accumulation in liver tissue of mice fed with high fat diet. Levels of total lipids and triglyceride in liver tissues also was significantly reduced in HFDTAWE and HFD-TAEE groups compared to HFD group. The activities of serum ALT and AST revealed in HFD group were remarkedly decreased in HFD-TAEE groups. These results indicate that both water and ethanol extract of T. aestivum may improve the lipid accumulation in liver as well as lipid metabolism in serum, and that in particular, the ethanol extract of T. aestivum may has the potent anti-hyperlipidemic effect, suggesting that it may be a useful candidate for the therapy preventing fatty liver diseases.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.12
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• pp.43-48
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• 1972

The present experiments were carried out to find out the proper concentration of CEPA(2-chloroethy-lphosphonic acid) for the purpose of accelerating the leaf maturity and of reducing the nicotine content of tobacco. Varried levels of CEPA were sprayed Yellow Special A right after topping. The effects of each level CEPA treatment on leaf ripening and total alkaloid contents were periodically observed. The results are summarized as follows; 1. The higher the CEPA concentration was, the more the leaf maturity was accelerated. During the period from six to 11 days after treatment, the differences of leaf maturity among levels were prominent. 2. Treatment with CEPA only on the upper surface of the tobacco leaf, accelerated the maturity of that particular part treated, but not apparently the other parts of leaf. 3. The higher the CEPA concentration was, the more the accumulation of the total alkaloid was reduced. The reduction of alkaloid accumulation was evident after acceleration of leaf maturity. 4. Distinctive acceleration of leaf maturity was observed in the fully developed lower leaves, while reduction of alkaloid accumulation in the growing upper leaves. The degree of total alkaloid content reduced in the ripened leaves, however, were similer to all the leaves at different positions. 5. Yields of tobacco leaves were not significantly affected by CEPA treatment. 6. In the present experiments, it may be concluded that CEPA2, 000ppm is the most applicable level for accelerating leaf maturity and decreasing total alkaloid content. In the view point of the practical use, however, the applicable level is assumed to be properly choosed between 500 to 2, 000ppm, depending on the situations. 7. The mechanism of accelerating maturity and reducing alkaloid accumulation of tobacco leaves by CEPA, is further to be explored.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.391-396
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• 2021

In this study, items for forest policy and forest resource research in Austria, Japan, New Zealand, and Indonesia, which are major forest advanced countries, were investigated, and the applicability of point cloud data acquired through laser scanning was identified. Through the study, it was found that forest policies in developed countries are being pursued for the purpose of sustainable forest conservation and management, job creation, and timber productivity improvement, and that new technologies are being researched and applied to actual projects. Korea has a high proportion of forests compared to the national land area compared to major forestry developed countries, but the accumulation of trees is relatively low, so it is a time for scientific forest management to improve the accumulation of trees. To understand the applicability of laser scanning technology, a forest resource survey using point cloud data was conducted, and the diameter of breast height, height, number of trees per unit area were calculated, and the shape of the crown was identified. If field experiments and accuracy evaluations applying various laser scanning technologies are carried out in the future, it will be possible to present the quantitative improvement of forest resource survey using foil cloud.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.245-250
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• 2004

The SBR(Sequencing Batch Reactor) process is ideally suited to treat high loading wastewater due to its high dilution rate. SBR operates by a cycle of periods consisting of filling, reacting, settling, decanting and idling. The react phases such as aeration or non-aeration, organic oxidation, nitrification, denitrification and other bio-logical reactions can be achieved in a reactor. Although the whole reactions can be achieved in a SBR with time distributing, it is hard to manage the SBR as a normal condition without recognizing a present state. The present state can be observed with nutrient sensors such as ${NH_{4}}^{+}-N$, ${NO_{2}}^{-}-N$, ${NO_{3}}^{-}-N} and ${PO_{4}}^{ 3-}-P.$ However, there is still a disadvantage to use the nutrient sensors because of their high expense and inconvenience to manage. Therefore, it is very useful to use common on-line sensors such as DO, ORP and pH, which are less expensive and more convient. Moreover, the present states and unexpected changes of SBR might be predicted by using of them. This study was conducted to get basic materials for making an inference of SBR process from ORP(oxidation reduction potential) of synthetic wastewater. The profiles of ORP, DO, and pH were under normal nitrification and denitrification were obtained to compare abnormal condition. And also, nitrite and nitrate accumulation were investigated during reaction of SBR. The bending point on ORP profile was not entirely in the low COD/NOx ratio condition. In this case, NOx was not entirely removed, and minimum ORP value was presented over -300mV. Under suitable COD/NOx ratio which complete denitrification was achieved, ORP bending point was observed and minimum ORP value was under -300m V. Under high COD/NOx ratio, ORP bending point was not detected at the first subcycle because of the fast denitrification and minimum ORP value was under -300mV at the time.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.134-141
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• 2014

Mobile robots use various sensors for navigation such as wheel encoder, vision sensor, sonar, and laser sensors. Dead reckoning is used with wheel encoder, resulting in the accumulation of positioning errors. For that reason wheel encoder can not be used alone. Too much information of vision sensors leads to an increase in the number of features and complexity of perception scheme. Also Sonar sensor is not suitable for positioning because of its poor accuracy. On the other hand, laser sensor provides accurate distance information relatively. In this paper we propose to extract the angular information from the distance information of laser range finder and use the Kalman filter that match the heading and distance of the laser range finder and those of wheel encoder. For laser scanner with one feature point error may increase much when the feature point is variant or jumping to a new feature point. To solve the problem, we propose to use two feature points and show that the positioning error can be reduced much.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.215-219
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• 2009

Micropollutants, which can be caused by imperfect combustion, are toxic chemical compound that flows into the river system after being contained in road runoff, a non-point source pollutant and accumulates in the body. The micropollutants that have characteristics such as toxicity, persistence, bio-accumulation, long-range transportation behave so similarly to micro particles that they can be removed by means of filtration or absorption. This study has examined the kinds and concentrations of micropollutants contained in deposited road particles. It has revealed that the kinds of micropollutants contained in the clarified supernatant liquid of deposited road particles are heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) composed of two or three benzene rings, including naphthalene and acenaphthalene. Their concentrations have been shown to be low, with 0.418 mg/L, 0.058 mg/L, 0.104 mg/L, 0.014 mg/L, 0.00075 mg/L for Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr, Cd, respectively and 0.00156 mg/L and 0.00184 mg/L for naphthalene and acenaphthalene.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.155-160
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• 1996

Spring sown oat crops were grown during early March to late June in 1993~1994. The crops were harvested at different stage of maturity to determine the yield performance, chemical components and net energy value of the plants for silage utilization. The pattern of dry matter accumulation, absolute growth rate(Abs. GR), leaf weight ratio(LWR), stalk diameter(SD) and other growth parameters were analysed to evaluate the suitability of the plant materials for ensiling. The effect5 of wilting treatment and formic acid addition on the quality of silage was also disscused during the experiments. Spring sown oat crops was evaluated as a suitable materials for whole plant silage making. The best qualitative oat silage was obtained at the stage of soti dough to hard dough, when the plant reached 32.2~35.7% in dry matter concentration. Spring sown oat produced 9.43 ton in DM basis, 5.79 ton in TDN and 57.550 MJ-NEL/ha in net energy lactation. Early harvesting of the oat corps needed wilting treatment of the material before ensiling. Under pre-witing treatment (1/2 day) and formic acid addition(0.3%) silage quality point of oat crops harvested at the bloom stage was improved from 58 to 84 point.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1030-1036
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• 2018

Bacillus strains produce various types of antibiotics, and random mutagenesis has traditionally been used to overproduce these natural metabolites. However, this method leads to the accumulation of unwanted mutations in the genome. Here, we rationally designed a single nucleotide substitution in the degU gene to generate a B. subtilis strain displaying increased plipastatin production in a foreign DNA-free manner. The mutant strain (BS1028u) showed improved antifungal activity against Pythium ultimum. Notably, pps operon deletion in BS1028u resulted in complete loss of antifungal activity, suggesting that the antifungal activity strongly depends on the expression of the pps operon. Quantitative real-time PCR and lacZ assays showed that the point mutation resulted in 2-fold increased pps operon expression, which caused the increase in antifungal activity. Likewise, commercial Bacillus strains can be improved to display higher antifungal activity by rationally designed simple modifications of their genome, rendering them more efficient biocontrol agents.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.277-292
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• 2001

1. The obesity is the aggregation of symptoms accompanied with the metabolic disorder and the increase of fatty layer accumulation by the enlargement or increase of fatty cells, which is the condition that has 20% overweight than the standard. 2. The final metabolic of fat depends on the defensive energy. The shape of fatty layer is changed by the point where is the defensive energy is replenish or not. So Goin, Bein and Yuckin is made a discriminated and there is different between Besudaeso and Herlgidaso. 3. In case of liver overacting spleen by seven emotions, we can use reinforcing the spleen and don't use depressing energy. 4. Damp, weakness of Qi(氣), weakness of spleen came from seven emotion, and social stress can occur obesity. Obesity is reason of C.V.A, dizziness, dementia, schizophrenia, etc. 5. The obesity which can occurs various adult diseases came from eating disorder and various stresses at the standpoint of western medical. This is cured by diet, kinesiatrics, operation, pharmacotherapy, etc.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.9-17
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• 2006

Over the last couple of years, established Cumulus Pricing Scheme(CPS) has become an important research issue for efficiently charging differentiated internet services. This paper proposes the adjusted CPS technique that expressed information of over or under-use of resources in bandwidth. And, 1 propose CPS with respect to the six main pricing and charging conditions. Also, accumulation technique may indicate an information between specified charging and eventually requires to adapt the initial contract. So called red and green Cumulus Points(CP) are used to judge the behavior of customer. At this point, the actual resource consumption is described by function v(t) at time t.