• Journal of Smart Tourism
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.5-14
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• 2022

In recent years, UNWTO and academics have called for the development of responsible, sustainable, and universally accessible tourism to promote equal human rights and social inclusion. Prior studies have also revealed the potential and value of smart technologies in reducing, if not removing, barriers to people with access requirements during travel and in their everyday lives. However, a guiding framework of how smart technologies assist in building an accessible destination is still absent, thereby hindering the progress of building accessible tourism. This paper aims to fill this knowledge gap. A conceptual model of smart accessible destination (SAD) was proposed drawing from the intersection of accessible tourism and smart tourism. With the guidance of this conceptual model, tourism destinations and stakeholders can recognize and utilize the synergies of accessible and smart tourism to enhance the social inclusion, competitiveness, and sustainability of a destination.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2012

There is a growing awareness that physical barriers affect the level of independence of people with disabilities. Many researchers insist that barrier free design could influence independence living and quality of life of the disabled. The purpose of this study is to find out the effects of accessible design features of house and public facilities on quality of life of disabled people. A total of 189 questionnaires from the disabled who visited public welfare facilities was analyzed. In order to find out what variables among accessible features in housing and public spaces impact quality of life, multiple regression analysis was carried using SPSS 14. The results showed that accessible designs significantly influence quality of life of the disable. The main reason in which the disabled have difficulties when they move outside is a lack of accessible amenities and facilities. Particularly in house design, accessible main entrance route and accessible main entrance door, and removal of floor level significantly affects quality of life of the disabled. For public spaces, accessible main entrance and installation of ramp or removal of floor levels of main entrance and corridor increase quality of life people with disabilities. This paper suggested that the improvement in housing and public space, in which regulation or bylaws do not specify, should be made to increase accessibility for life quality of the disabled.

• BMB Reports
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.538-544
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• 2003

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major causative agent of chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The development of alternative antiviral therapies is warranted because current treatments for the HCV infection affect only a limited number of patients and lead to significant toxicities. The HCV genome is exclusively present in the RNA form; therefore, ribozyme strategies to target certain HCV sequences have been proposed as anti-HCV treatments. In this study, we determined which regions of the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) of HCV are accessible to ribozymes by employing an RNA mapping strategy that is based on a trans-splicing ribozyme library. We then discovered that the loop regions of the domain IIIb of HCV IRES appeared to be particularly accessible. Moreover, to verify if the target sites that were predicted to be accessible are truly the most accessible, we assessed the ribozyme activities by comparing not only the trans-splicing activities in vitro but also the trans-cleavage activities in cells of several ribozymes that targeted different sites. The ribozyme that could target the most accessible site identified by mapping studies was then the most active with high fidelity in cells as well as in vitro. These results demonstrate that the RNA mapping strategy represents an effective method to determine the accessible regions of target RNAs and have important implications for the development of various antiviral therapies which are based on RNA such as ribozyme, antisense, or siRNA.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2015

Due to the mass production of housing in Korea, homogeneous current housing may fail to represent residents' preferences, especially for the elderly. The purpose of this study is to identify the preferred properties of consumers for accessible housing and to examine whether cluster analysis can identify groups of residents with similar accessible housing preferences. Using a conjoint method, prospective users can jointly consider all accessible attributes, with cost attributes suggested by this study. Four categories (accessibility, safety, convenience, cost), 7 attributes (clear width, level difference, installation of grab bars, installation of elevators: only for single house type, non slippery floor materials, safety alarms, service control devices, cost) and 2 levels for each attribute were chosen. A total of 374 questionnaires were collected through a questionnaire survey method. This study employed ratings-based Conjoint analysis and the respondents ranked each card, which consisted of a set of accessible housing attributes. The data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0. The findings of this study have identified 3-4 clusters for each housing sub market. Each cluster has a different combination of socio-demographic characteristics and residential characteristics, and showed the relative importance or preference values for each accessible attribute of the segmentation. For the single housing, one group of people strongly preferred installation of elevator. The results suggested that better customization of housing could be more appealing to the different clusters of residents, providing accessible housing with cost limitations.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.99-106
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• 1979

Accessibility to medical facilities and personnels has been known as one of important determinants of medical care utilization. This study attempted to identify the effects of medical accessibility in terms of geographical distance and occupational opportunity to the medical utilizations. Two-year-experiences of Yonsei University Health Insurance Cooperatives were used as the sources of data. Out patient utilization patterns of 713 members sampled from 4,352 members of Health Insurance Cooperatives were analyzed in order to identify the effects of medical accessibilities. Findings: 1 Average clinic visit rate of Yonsei Health Insurance is 1.66 per person per year. 2. The utilization rates of geographically more accessible group were 33% higher than that of less accessible group. 3. No marked difference in clinic visit rate were observed between medical and non-medical personnel and their family members. 4. Clinic visit rates among occupationally accessible group were slightly higher than those of less accessible. The utilization rate was more sensitively changed by the insurance policy changes in occupationally accessible group.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.72-80
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• 2007

Due to the recent Law on facilities Improvement in public performance facilities, equal access to the need of cultural satisfaction and the standards of facilities for people with disabilities are to be assessed. The aim of this study was to determine how to improve the facilities for disabled individuals and provide complementary guidelines for amenities designed for people with disabilities based on a comparative analysis of the disability codes in Korea, Japan, USA, Australia and Canada as well as a field observation. The results suggest the need for improved guidelines in terms of accessibility and accessible seating, which are summarized as follows: (1) The facility standards need to be complemented and clarified in terms of a detailed description, (2) regarding facilities for accessible seating, fall prevention handrails should be lowered to a height within the range of vision of the individual (3) The purpose and user's manual for theater and cultural facilities as well as detailed dimensional requirements need to be restated, and (4) an improvement in accessible seating in theaters and cultural facilities is needed. The purpose of the this study is to show an arrangement of a fundamental judgement and a ground data which can be complemented in planning a public performance facilities for the people with disabilities.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.60-67
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• 2013

Preference studies regarding the elderly housing have been conducted to find out design features in specific needs of certain elderly groups with their various demographic characteristics. The purpose of this study was to investigate preference for accessible design features for the elderly and find out the differences in preference whether the cost information was given or not. Contrast to the previous studies, we suggested some alternatives to fulfill the accessible goals. Preference for each option was investigated and differences in preference with its cost information was also investigated. The total of 700 questionnaires were collected and analyzed using SPSS 18.0. As a result, to remove the level differences, respondents prefer installation of trench to installation of deck or ramp. When people received the cost information, the proportion of selection for each option has slightly changed. The findings of the study suggest that cost information is an important factor for choosing the option for removal of level difference, installation of sink design and holding bars, and installation of elevator. Regardless of age, the respondents prefer sliding door option (its cost is equal to the other option), one of the door option for bath room. It may be due to the relative small area for its installation. It was found that when people recognized the importance of the accessible design features higher, they are ore likely to pay for the option even though its cost is higher. The higher people evaluate the importance of accessible design features, the more they can pay for the option. In general, for the preference of alternatives, there are significant differences between the elderly and the younger.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.361-364
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• 2004

Internal ribosome entry site (IRES) of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is known to be essential for HCV replication and most conserved among HCV variants. Hence, IRES RNA is a good therapeutic target for RNA-based inhibitors, such as ribozymes. We previously proposed a new anti-HCV modulation strategy based on trans-splicing ribozymes, which can selectively replace HCV transcripts with a new RNA that exerts anti-HCV activity. To explore this procedure, sites which are accessible to ribozymes in HCV IRES were previously determined by employing an RNA mapping method in vitro. In this study, we evaluate the intracellular accessibility of the ribozymes by comparing the trans-splicing activ­ities in cells of several ribozymes targeting different sites of the HCV IRES RNA. We assessed the intra­cellular activities of the ribozymes by monitoring their target-specific induction degree of both reporter gene activity and cytotoxin expression. The ribozyme capable of targeting the most accessible site iden­tified by the mapping studies then harbored the most active trans-splicing activity in cells. These results suggest that the target sites predicted to be accessible are truly the most accessible in the cells, and thus, could be applied to the development of various RNA-based anti-HCV therapies.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2000

The technique of laser sheet beam has been applied to optically accessible diesel engine for the quantitative measurement of soot. The results provide the information for us for reduction of soot in diesel engine. We used both LIS nad LII techniques simultaneously in this study. LIS and LII images show the quantitative distribution of the soot concentration in an optically accessible diesel engine. In this study, several results were obtained by the simultaneous measurement of LIS and LII technique. The diameter and number density of soot in combustion chamber of the test engine were obtained from ATDC 20$^{\circ}$ to 110$^{\circ}$ . The increase rate of soot diameter was about 40$^{\circ}$ between ATDC 20$^{\circ}$and 110$^{\circ}$. And the number density of soot decreased significantly between ATDC 20$^{\circ}$and 40$^{\circ}$.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.64-71
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• 2000

In order to clarify the characteristics of soot formation and oxidation in-cylinder of a diesel engine, it is necessary to diagnose accurately for combustion of in-cylinder. The past techniques for soot measurement have limitations in providing the characteristics of soot in a diesel engine, whereas, laser-based 2D imaging diagnostics have the potential to provide better temporally and spatially resolved measurements of the soot distribution. We rebuilt an optically accessible diesel engine which is similar to the conditions of a conventional engine and tried to measure soot distribution in a cylinder of the diesel engine using laser induced scattering(LIS) and laser induced incandescence(LII). Some results were acquired in this study. LIS and LII signal that show soot distribution of a in-cylinder were taken by ICCD properly. The signal of LIS was intenser than that of LII. Although they have some differences of signal intensity in early combusion period, both of signals show that they are generally similar in late combustion period, after ATDC 50 degree.