• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.93-99
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• 2021

This study was conducted to develop an Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation protocol for the carnation cv. "Jinju" to counteract its ethylene sensitivity. The new protocol involves the use of an improved shoot regeneration medium, optimized minimal concentrations of the selective agent, a pre-culture period, and co-cultivation periods. Silver nanoparticles (NAg) added at a concentration of 2.0 μM to the Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal shoot regeneration medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L indole-3-butyric-acid (IBA) and 0.2 mg/L thidiazuron (TDZ) improved the shoot regeneration efficiency, number of shoots per explant, and plant growth compared to the control without the addition of NAg. The phosphinothricin (PPT) concentration of 1.0 mg/L was determined to be the minimal and optimal concentration for the selection of putative transgenic plants. When the explants were infected with Agrobacterium cells harboring the acdS gene, the explants that were pre-cultured for three days induced more putative transgenic plants than those that were co-cultivated for four days. Therefore, we expect that the results of this study will benefit researchers who are developing genetic transformations of carnations.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.195-202
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• 2023

This study is a comparative survey study conducted to explore the differences in learners' learning flow and learning satisfaction according to the non-face-to-face class operation methods implemented at universities. After implementing different class management methods for the same subject taught by the same instructor non-face-to-face for 15 weeks, each learning flow and learning satisfaction were compared and analyzed, and the collected data were analyzed with IBM SPSS 21.0. As a result of the study, learning flow was high in the order of lectures using real-time ZOOM and recorded lectures using self-studio(3.41±0.91, 3.28±1.01), and learning satisfaction was high in the order of lectures using real-time ZOOM and lectures using the automatic recording system of classes(3.40±0.80, 3.30±0.74). The item with the lowest score was the PPT audio recording lecture in both areas of learning flow and learning satisfaction(2.72±1.04, 1.73±1.04). Considering that system errors such as sound in the smart lecture environment operated for the first time in this study affected the research results, it is suggested that future research should be conducted by supplementing the corresponding part.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.1179-1184
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• 2008

Commercial nanometer sized silver is widely used for its antibacterial effect; however, nanoparticles may also have ecotoxicological effects after being discharged into water. Nanometer sized silver can flow into aquatic environments, where it can exert a variety of physiologically effects in living organisms, including fish. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of nanometer sized silver on the development of zebrafish embryos, analyze the properties of commercial nanometer sized silver and define the toxicity relationship between embryogenesis and hatched flies. The commercial nanometer sized silver was analyzed in the $Ag^+$ ion form. The hatch rate decreased in the nano-silver exposed groups (10 and 20 ppt); furthermore, the hatched flies had an abnormal notochord, weak heart beat, damaged eyes and curved tail. The expression of the Sel N1 gene decreased in the nano-silver exposed groups, and the catalase activities of the exposed groups increased relative to those in the control group. Therefore, the $Ag^+$ ions in commercial nanometer sized silver could accumulate in aquatic environments and seriously damage the development of zebrafish embryos.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.65-72
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• 2020

Background: The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of joint mobilization and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on pain threshold and hormonal changes in patients with chronic LBP. Methods: 14 patients with chronic LBP were divided into the experimental group and the control group with 7 patients each, and both groups of patients were evaluated on pain duration, blood tests, and pressure pain threshold (PPT) on their first visit. On their second visit, joint mobilization was applied to the experimental group for 10 min and TENS to the control group for 20 min. Results: Pain threshold and duration of analgesia increased from after treatment in the experimental group. Serotonin and Cortisol decreased after treatment in the experimental group. Conclusion: Joint mobilization in patients with chronic LBP caused an increase in pain duration and pain thresholds and a decrease in serotonin, whereas there was little difference in cortisol.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.88-98
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• 1997

To obtain design and operating parameters for advanced water facilities, pilot test consisted of ozonation and GAC filtration was conducted at midstream of Nakdong River. Even though the concentrations were very low, 62 chemicals were detected above $0.005{\mu}g/L$ in raw water. In the preozonation, natural organic matters which could produce THMs and organics such as phenols and amines were effectively removed. The performance of TOC removal of GAC filtration with ozonation was better than GAC filtration alone and adsorption capacity of GAC adsorbers were ranged 3~6mg-TOC/g-carbon. And also the life of GAC adsorber for removing TOC was predicted more than 1 years if ozonation is introduced. This indicates that biological degradation of organics happened in GAC filters. Most organics detected at ppt level were removed below detection limit by GAC filtration with ozonation. These results show that ozonation and GAC filtration are the reliable and safe process for organic contaminants and chlorinated byproducts control at Nakdong River.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.255-259
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• 2017

This study was conducted to provide basic information on ginseng saponin of dried ginseng radices. In order to achieve the proposed objective ginsenoside compositions of dried ginseng radices extract with 70% ethyl alcohol were examined by HPLC. The total saponin content, the sum of all ginsenosides, showed that Wild simulated ginseng (WSG), White fine ginseng (WFG), Skin White ginseng (SWG), and White ginseng (WG) stood at 2.510%, 1.643%, 0.587, and 0.429%, respectively. WSG in PPD/PPT ratio was highest at 3.190, WFG (1.934), WG (1.600), SWG (1.386) in order. In the content of ginsenoside Rb1, one of the marker compounds of ginseng, WSG (1.095%) showed the highest content, and WFG (0.527%), SWG (0.246%), WG (0.133%) in this order. The content of ginsenoside Rb1 of WSG (1.095%) was 4.5 times higher than SWG (0.246%). WSG (0.230%) showed the highest content in ginsenoside Rg1, a marker compounds of ginseng, followed by WFG (0.180%), SWG (0.141%) and WG (0.086%). The content of ginsenoside Rg1 of WSG (0.230%) was 1.6 times higher than SWG (0.141%).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.1215-1221
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• 1999

Twelve rumen fistulated cross-bred calves were divided into three groups and fed wheat straw and concentrate mixture according to their maintenance requirement. Animals in group II and III were fed 50 and 100mg rumensin per day, in addition to basal feed. Supplementation of rumensin in the diet decreased the dry matter intake significantly (p<0.05) along with a significant decrease in the straw intake. Digestibility coefficients of all the nutrients were not affected significantly except that of CF digestibility which was lower (p<0.05) in groups II and III as compared to group I. Among N-parameters in the rumen fluid, mean $NH_3-N$ was significantly lower in groups II and III (19.13 and 18.63 mg N/100 ml respectively) than in group I (22.68); total-N and TCA-ppt-N did not differ among the three groups. Total VFA concentration did also not differ among the three groups, however, propionate increased from 24.33 molar % to 32.73 while acetate and butyrate decreased respectively from 65.85 to 58.81% and 9.79 to 8.46%. Total VFA, bacteria and protozoa production rates were not affected significantly due to rumensin in diet. Methane production per kg DDM as well as % of methane in total gas were reduced at both the levels of rumensin on different concentrate ratios with wheat straw as roughage. Similar trend was also observed with rice straw and concentrate mixture as substrate with rumensin addition.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.29-46
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• 2012

Electronic records are merely series of bits without understanding the formats of content files. There are numerous types of formats and also possibilities of extinction. For long term preservation, it is essential to understand and manage formats. In addition to managing format itself, accurate information on the format needs to be stored for electronic records. In this study, various types of electronic files, without checking with the naked eye, has developed a tool to extract the header information in the format of electronic files with the file extension validation tool to compare format and validate digital component.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.52-52
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• 2018

Development of herbicide resistant transgenic legume plants through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation has been worked in many previous studied. Plant regeneration after infection is the important step to obtain successful transgenic plants. Many attempts try to find the optimum media condition for plant regeneration after infection. However, the transformation efficiency of legume plants is still low. In this study, regeneration of some Korean legume species including two soybean cultivars (Dawon and Pungsan) and pea have been done with organogenesis which is used various kind of explants such as cotyledonary-nodes in soybean and bud-containing tissue in pea. We developed the optimum media condition for plant regeneration regulators under Agrobacterium-mediated transformation using different kind and various concentration of plant growth. As the results, B5 medium containing 2 mg/L of 6-benzylaminopurine was selected in this study for the optimum plant regeneration media. The segments were inoculated with Agrobacterium suspension harbored an IG2 vector containing bar gene which confers resistance to phosphinotricin (PPT) in 3, 5 and 7 days. The transformation efficiency was achieved in Dawon 3.03 % and pea 1.46 % with co-cultivation period of 7 days which is showed a high number of GUS positive expression period.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.475-483
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• 2000

This paper describes designs about the power system of KITSAT-4 satellite. The KITSAT-4 power system is mainly composed of power stage and control stage. The power stage is a 200〔W〕 buck converter and control stages are hardware controller and software controller The hardware controller is PPT(Peak Power Tracker), battery voltage controller and software controller is battery current controller and direct duty controller. So the operation of power system has many advantages in that it can select controller according to reliable control and precise control. The controller design methods are presented and the small signal analyses are performed to verify system stability.