• The Mathematical Education
• /
• v.62 no.1
• /
• pp.57-78
• /
• 2023

Students' engagement in lessons not only determines the direction and result of the lessons, but also affects academic achievement and continuity of follow-up learning. In order to provide implications related to teaching strategies for encouraging students' engagement in elementary mathematics lessons, this study implemented lessons for middle-low achieving fifth graders using open-ended tasks and analyzed characteristics of students' engagement in the light of the framework descripors developed based on previous research. As a result of the analysis, the students showed behavioral engagement in voluntarily answering teacher's questions or enduring difficulties and performing tasks until the end, emotional engagement in actively expressing their pleasure by clapping, standing up and the feelings with regard to the topics of lessons and the tasks, cognitive engagement in using real-life examples or their prior knowledge to solve the tasks, and social engagement in helping friends, telling their ideas to others and asking for friends' opinions to create collaborative ideas. This result suggested that lessons using open-ended tasks could encourage elementary students' engagement. In addition, this research presented the potential significance of teacher's support and positive feedback to students' responses, teaching methods of group activities and discussions, strategies of presenting tasks such as the board game while implementing the lessons using open-ended tasks.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.51 no.2
• /
• pp.160-168
• /
• 2019

This study aimed to determine whether double-processed ginseng berry extract (PGBC) could improve learning and memory in an $A\hat{a}42$-induced Alzheimer's mouse model. Passive avoidance test (PAT) and Morris water-maze test (MWMT) were performed after mice were treated with PGBC, followed by acetylcholine (ACh) measurement and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) detection for brain damage. Furthermore, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) expression were analyzed using Ellman's and qPCR assays, respectively. Results demonstrated that PGBC contained a high amount of ginsenosides (Re, Rd, and Rg3), which are responsible for the clearance of $A{\hat{a}} 42$. They also helped to significantly improve PAT and MWMT performance in the $A{\hat{a}} 42-induced$ Alzheimer's mouse model when compared to the normal group. Interestingly, ACh and ChAT were remarkably upregulated and AChE activities were significantly inhibited, suggesting PGBC to be a palliative adjuvant for treating Alzheimer's disease. Altogether, PGBC was found to play a positive role in improving cognitive abilities. Thus, it could be a new alternative solution for alleviating Alzheimer's disease symptoms.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.34 no.5
• /
• pp.477-486
• /
• 2021

To utilize Malus pruniforia Borkh. as a functional material, cold-water (CW), hot-water (HW), and 70% ethanol (EtOH) extracts were prepared, and their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were compared. The antioxidant activity of the HW extract evaluated by ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging and FRAP activity was significantly effective. The total polyphenol content of the HW extract was also higher by 15.5±0.7 mg GAE/g extract compared to other extracts. The EtOH extract showed significantly decreased TNF-α (39.8%), IL-6 (65.5%), and NO (34.9%) levels in RAW 264.7 cells compared to the LPS-induced control group. The levels of IL-6 (21.1%) and IL-8 (19.3%) were significantly decreased by treatment of EtOH extract in HaCaT keratinocytes induced with TNF-α and IFN-γ. The UHPLC-MS results indicated that the EtOH extract might have chlorogenic acid and phlorizin as the major compounds. This was validated using HPLC-DAD, which showed that the EtOH extract had higher levels of chlorogenic acid and phlorizin (1,185±58 and 470±10 ㎍/g extract, respectively). In conclusion, the present study suggested that the anti-inflammatory activity of the EtOH extract was more effective than the CW and HW extracts, and chlorogenic acid and phlorizin could be used as indicator compounds and functional substances.

• Korean Association of Arts Management
• /
• no.55
• /
• pp.75-113
• /
• 2020

This research aims to identify current issues of arts education programs which have designed for North Korean Refugee Youth in South Korea and then navigates further steps to better serve the group. The purpose of study also pertains to the '2010 Seoul Agenda: Goals for the Development of Arts Education' announced at the Second World Conference on Arts Education, particularly, to the third Goal indicating how arts education practices can contribute to resolving social and cultural issues and promoting social cohesion and intercultural dialogues (UNESCO, 2010). This research engages with critical theory approach and adopts qualitative content analysis for collected documents and interview data. Based on the findings of this research, interview participants found its need of current arts education program for North Korean refugee youth become more value-driven and participant-centered. Currently, those programs available seem to incline to helping their adjustment to the South Korean society through arts-related activities, such as enhancing Korean language skills and learning Korean culture. Rather, it has been addressed that providing emotional and psychological supports and opportunities to search their own 'voice(s)' should be core objectives of the arts education programs. Moreover, when it is offered, arts educators and administrators need to make sure that participants can feel safe and secure as being present at the space for programs in order to express and encounter their true inner voice(s).

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.309-325
• /
• 2009

The purpose of the study was to investigate the differences between Korean mathematics textbooks and CPMP textbooks in the view of conceptual network, structure of mathematical contents, instructional design, and teaching and learning environment to explore the implications for mathematics education in Korea. According to the results, Korean textbooks emphasized the mathematical structures and conceptual network, on the other hand, CPMP textbooks focused on making connections between mathematical concepts and corresponding real life situations as well as mathematical structures. And generalizing mathematical concepts at the symbolic level was very important objective in Korean textbooks, but in the CPMP textbooks, investigating mathematical ideas and solving problems in diverse contexts including real- life situations were considered very important. Teachers using Korean textbooks preferred an explanatory teaching method with the use of concrete manipulatives and student worksheet, however, teachers using CPMP textbooks emphasized collaborative group activities to communicate mathematical ideas and encouraged students to use graphing calculators when they explore mathematical concepts and solve problems.

• 대한공업교육학회지
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.203-232
• /
• 2006

The purposes of this study are to examine the effects of learning, which was applied TRIZ's 40 inventive principles, on the improvement of learners' creativity and to offer basic information that would be necessary to study on Inventive Education in Technology Education. In order to achieve the purposes, objects were divided into two groups, experiment group(74 students) and control group(67 students), who were from B Middle school in Daejeon. Creativity Self-Assessment and Student Inventive Rating Scale were used as tools for research so that we could find the homogeneity in two groups. An applied design method was nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. This study was performed for 2 hours on the 1st and the 3rd Saturday in every month from the 3rd week of March, 2006 to the 3rd of July of 2006, and total researching period was 9 weeks. In that time, the students were required to learn 40 inventive principles. The results from this study are as below. (1) Applying TRIZ's 40 inventive principles had a positive effect on students' CQ(creative quotient), as influencing on the subordinate factors of creativity, such as, originality, germinal, trasformational, value, attraction, expressive power and organic systemicity. However it didn't have any effect on adequateness, properness, merit, complex and elegance. (2) Applying TRIZ's 40 inventive principles had a significant effect neither on CQ by sex, nor on the subordinate factors of creativity, except for originality and expressive power. Based on the results of the experiment, below suggestions were made to promote the application of TRIZ's 40 inventive principles to Technology Education. (1) Although this study was performed by using development activities, it is necessary to study more systemically to apply 40 inventive principles to regular subject in Technology Education. (2) As creativity was very important in Technology Education, there should be studies on the various types of inventive principles and techniques for Inventive Education in Technology Education.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.48 no.6
• /
• pp.645-653
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the cognitive levels of 11th grade students and those required in high school chemistry I textbooks standardized by the 7th national education curriculum. For this study, the cognitive development stages of 456 11th grade students were surveyed using short-version GALT (group assessment of logical thinking). Furthermore, 15 basic concepts were extracted from the contents on water and air, 2 units in chemistry I order to analyze the cognitive levels necessary for understanding high school textbooks, using CAT (curriculum analysis taxonomy). The results showed that 52.5% of the surveyed 11th grade students reached the formal operational level, 28.3% transitional levels, and 19.5% concrete operational levels. 68.9% of the academic high school students and 6.6% of the technical high school students reached the formal operational levels, and the ratio of formation was very different in each logics. As a result of the analyzing the cognitive levels needed for understanding chemistry I textbook contents, in spite of a change in national education curriculum, there were no great change in cognitive levels required by scientific concept except some inquiry activities. The cognitive levels in high school chemistry I textbooks by the 7th national education curriculum appeared higher than the cognitive levels of 11th grade student, but cognitive levels of inquiry activities were similar to the cognitive levels of the students. Chemistry teachers thought of chemistry I textbooks by the 7th national education curriculum as desirable because scientific concepts were reduced and a lot of real life materials were adapted. However, they pointed out a problem of difference in contents levels compared with chemistry I textbooks because scientific concepts were greatly reduced in chemistry I textbooks. The cognitive levels required in chemistry I textbooks still appeared higher than those of the students. Consequently, various teaching and learning methods and materials will have to be developed to be suitable for the students' cognitive levels.

• 대한공업교육학회지
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.192-217
• /
• 2008

This paper investigated the perceived criticalities and patterns of Korean Professional Engineer's competency regarding the working activities of automative product development, manufacturing, etc by using questionnaires responded to the survey which were applied to the automotive professors, experts and professional engineers (vocational parties) by e/mail, etc. This research investigated the following questions: First, what are the characteristic patterns, relevancy and perceived criticalities of Korean Professional Engineer's competencies? Second, What are the ranked priority of the Korean Professional Engineers' competencies? Are there any differency for each item, sub group of job, intelectual criterior of the competencies between relevancy and perceived criticalities according to the types of vocational parties, etc.? Accoring to the results; first, Professor group showed highest points among 3 groups per each item of the competencies by vocational parties Second, Chassis design group ranked top position among the 8 sub groups by vocational parties and, third, Problem Solving Knowledge ranked highest points than any others. Korean Professional Engineers are found to be positioned as key members, leaders and managers on surveying market, product planning, designing product & components, developing component parts, establishing shop with production equipment, managing quality control & material handling, organizing relevant meetings, developing human resources by training and learning, to back up finance with law matters, cooperating with concerned parties to achieve organizational goals, and to coordinate projects. etc, identifying ethical issues and business skills in order to survive and win to be competitive in various kinds of the automotive industry battle fields.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.40 no.3
• /
• pp.337-346
• /
• 2020

In this study, we investigated the characteristics of students participating in Science Core high schools classes and their relevance to Positive Experiences on Science (hereinafter, PES), and factors causing PES, presented by the students of Science Core high schools. A total of 20 students and five teachers in four regions across the country participated in the in-depth interview, which were conducted with the focus group of students first, and then in-depth interviews with teachers. Based on the interview results, we explored teaching and learning experiences helpful to the PES, assessment experiences resulting in the PES, and ways to support Science Core high schools to enhance their PES. Students and teachers of Science Core high schools argued that students' participation will increase only if they engage in classes while drawing attention within the range that students can understand, students' PES such as scientific interest can be improved through experiments in which students choose topics or design their own exploration process, science competencies such as science problem solving ability and scientific thinking ability should be developed through exploratory experiment activities that fit the nature of science, etc. In addition, regarding ways to improve and support Science Core high schools to enhance PES, securing science class hours, restructuring the contents of science elective courses, and necessity of maintaining Science Core high schools are suggested. Based on the research results of science high school students' PES, ways to improve the PES of general high school students are discussed.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.15-29
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the educational factors on career choice of science-gifted students to science and technology bound universities and the difference of perception in regards to group factors. In addition, this study aimed to examine the effects of science-gifted education and critical events in relation to career choice to science and technology bound universities. For the study, 104 university freshmen, 75 males and 29 females, were sampled from UNIST (Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology), that many science high school graduates entered this year. The survey was conducted with questionnaires to do with the perceptions concerning career choice and educational factors that cause them to choose such career directions. The educational factors on career choice to science and technology bound universities were classified as 3 main categories such as educational environment factor (teaching-learning factor), human factor, attitude towards science factor and the subcategories within each category. The research findings are as follows: First, the factors were closely connected with each other and 'the project centered classes' were highly interrelated with other educational environment factors such as 'the experiment activity and environment for the activity' and 'influence of teachers (professors).' Second, the female students and graduates of the science high school were more positively influenced by the educational environment and human factors on their decision for career than male students and graduates of the general high school. Third, this research found that historical scientific knowledge, perception of scientists' social status and job applications in the science field gave less influence rather than other factors on their decision for career. As a result of examining critical events for science-gifted education in relation to career choice to science and technology bound universities, numerous students mentioned that the extracurricular science activities such as science camps and field trips gave significant effects on students' career choices to science and engineering fields.