• BMB Reports
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.267-272
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• 2011

ZAS3 is a large zinc finger transcription repressor that binds the ${\kappa}B$-motif via two signature domains of ZASN and ZASC. A loss-of-function study showed that lack of ZAS3 protein induced accelerated cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. Conversely, gain-of-function studies showed that ZAS3 repressed $NF{\kappa}B$-activated transcription by competing with $NF{\kappa}B$ for the ${\kappa}B$-motif. Based on these observations, we hypothesize that ZAS3 promotes apoptosis by interrupting anti-apoptotic activity of $NF{\kappa}B$. Here, we present evidence that upon $TNF{\alpha}$ stimulation, ZAS3 inhibits $NF{\kappa}B$-mediated cell survival and promotes caspase-mediated apoptosis. The inhibitory effect of ZAS3 on $NF{\kappa}B$ activity is mediated by neither direct association with $NF{\kappa}B$ nor disrupting nuclear localization of $NF{\kappa}B$. Instead, ZAS3 repressed the expression of two key anti-apoptotic genes of $NF{\kappa}B$, TRAF1 and TRAF2, thereby sensitizing cells to $TNF{\alpha}$-induced cell death. Taken together, our data suggest that ZAS3 is a tumor suppressor gene and therefore serves as a novel therapeutic target for developing anti-cancer drugs.

• BMB Reports
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• v.43 no.12
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• pp.807-812
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• 2010

$NF{\kappa}B$ and ZAS3 are transcription factors that control important cellular processes including immunity, cell survival and apoptosis. Although both proteins bind the ${\kappa}B$-motif, they produce opposite physiological consequences; $NF{\kappa}B$ activates transcription, promotes cell growth and is often found to be constitutively expressed in cancer cells, while ZAS3 generally represses transcription, inhibits cell proliferation and is downregulated in some cancers. Here, we show that ZAS3 inhibits $NF{\kappa}B$-dependent transcription by competing with $NF{\kappa}B$ for the ${\kappa}B$-motif. Transient transfection studies show that N-terminal 645 amino acids is sufficient to repress transcription activated by $NF{\kappa}B$, and that the identical region also possesses intrinsic repression activity to inhibit basal transcription from a promoter. Finally, in vitro DNA-protein interaction analysis shows that ZAS3 is able to displace $NF{\kappa}B$ by competing with $NF{\kappa}B$ for the ${\kappa}B$-motif. It is conceivable that ZAS3 has therapeutic potential for controlling aberrant activation of $NF{\kappa}B$ in various diseases.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.145-149
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• 2019

Transparent and conductive ZnO/Ag/SnO2 (ZAS) tri-layer films were deposited onto glass substrates at room temperature by using radio frequency (RF) and direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering. The thickness values of the ZnO and $SnO_2$ thin films were kept constant at 50 nm and the value for Ag interlayer was varied as 5, 10, 15, and 20 nm. In the XRD pattern the diffraction peaks were identified as the (002) and (103) planes of ZnO, while the (111), (200), (220), and (311) planes could be attributed to the Ag interlayer. The optical transmittance and electrical resistivity were dependent on the thickness of the Ag interlayer. The ZAS films with a 10 nm thick Ag interlayer exhibited a higher figure of merit than the other ZAS films prepared in this study. From the observed results, a ZAS film with a 10 nm thick Ag interlayer was believed to be an alternative transparent electrode candidate for various opto-electrical devices.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.220-235
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• 1999

Objectives：The purpose of this study was to evaluate suicidal attitudes, self-image, anxiety and depression on industrial and cultural wemen's high school, and to make a comparative study between suicidal attitudes and anxiety, depression, self-image. Methods：Three hundred twenty-six student(161 persons from industrial wemem's school, 165 persons from cultural wemen's school), who were supposed to different from in psychosocial environment, entered this study. To assess the attitudes toward suicide, Suicide Opinion Questionnaire(SOQ) were done at study. To estimate anxiety, depression, and self-image, Zung' Self-rating Anxiety Scale (ZAS), K-Beck Depression Inventory(KBDI), Offer's Self Image Questionnaire(OSIQ), respectively, were executed in this study. Results：1) We extracted 5 factors after factor analysis based on SOQ results with the response of the 326 subject；ethics, religion, mental illness, acceptability, revenge. Revenge factor were stastically significant between both groups. 2) In OSIQ, family relationship factor & superior adjustment factor were stastically significant between both groups, but, both groups didn't have a significance on ZAS & KBDI. 3) According to correlative analysis between SOQ results and OSIQ, ZAS, KBDI results, ethics factor(SOQ) were converse to BS factor, ET factor, and ME factor in OSIQ. Mental illness factor(SOQ) were in proportion to PP factor(OSIQ). Acceptability factor(SOQ) were in proportion to ZAS & KBDI result. Conclusion：Our subject mostly regarded suicide as sinful ethically ,and as mental illness. But, In that there was neuropsychiatric history and suicidal idea in them, the subjects looked upon suicide as permissive. With significantly high score on ZAS & KBDI, there were more acceptable attitude toward suicide. So, We consider suicide to be used as coping strategy about more stressful event to young adolescent.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.242-248
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• 2000

Since the official allowance of bottled water at Korean domestic market in 1995, Pseudomo~zas aemginosu has been detected from 2.3% and 1.2% of source and products of bottled water sa~nple tested, respectively. according to the nation-wide dala froin May 1995 to December 1996. Therefore, P aeivginosa was the second most important parameter, next to colifoi~ns, anlong the bacieriological parameters regulated for bonled water. The official standard method initially adopted the Japanese officlal method and Standard Methods of the US, w~hich is using aspai-agiii-acetamid mnedia(A-A method). how eve^; the method showed low specificity regardless of the high sensitivity. The $42^{\circ}C$ growth test was the best biochemical featu1-e differentiating the P uelarginosu 6-om P aei-uginosa-like species such as P puririir and P Jhoi.escens amo1zg the other characierisiics such as fluorescence pigment_ pyocyanin, casein hy&olysis, etc. Thel-efore, addition of the $42^{\circ}C$ growth Lest in advance ofthe biochemical identification test, when sainple is positive by A-A method, should strengthen the spec~IiclQ w~tli ~ninin~um addition of testing load.