• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.8-18
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• 2004

In order to study on the color change of silk dyed with natural colorant due to light fading, and find out the effect of combination dyeing, colorant extracts of safflower red, safflower yellow and amur cork tree were used, either singly or in combination. In combination dyeing, safflower yellow or amur cork tree dyeing process was added on the top of the silk fabric was dyed with safflower red. Color change and light fastness were investigated by $L^*,\; a^*,\; b^*$ H, V/C, and Color difference. Brightness of silk fabric dyed with safflower red and safflower yellow increased gradually with increasing the radiation time of UV light, but amur cork tree was decreased and turned to dull. Color difference of dyed with Amur cork tree showed higher than the others. Combination dyeing of safflower red and amur cork tree provided better light fastness than the one of safflower red and safflower yellow.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.241-245
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• 1997

In order to make natural food color from Gardenia, we investigated optimal conditions of color extraction, and thermal stability and light stability of color extracted compared with Yellow-4. In case of ethanol extraction, optimal conditions for color extraction were substrate 10%, 4$0^{\circ}C$, pH 7.0 and 42rs, respectively. In case of water extraction, optimal conditions for color extraction were substrate 10%, 7$0^{\circ}C$, pH 7.0 and 48hrs, respectively. Extraction yield in the optimal conditions was 75% in ethanol and 63% in water. The thermal stability and light stability of Yellow-4 were both upper 98%, but those of Gardenia yellow color were 62 and 90%, respectively.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2008

Yellow, one of the five direction colors, is a prevailing color in artificial dyeing. The color has implied and symbolized wealth and power since ancient times. Yellow has been extracted mainly from flowers. Shapes, colors and scents of flowers not only have enriched emotional mentality, but have also been used for medicinal herbs, and dyestuff since the very old days. Coloring matter from flowers is very beautiful, and it has been used for dyeing textiles. Textile dyeing have formed a color culture and developed a dyeing culture since ancient times. Flowers include a variety of color matters, and can be easily obtained around us. Therefore, flowers have been a widespread natural dyestuff. It is well known that beautiful colors can be extracted from flowers, which are eco-friendly and non-polluting. In addition, flowers are easily provided. In this study, yellow wild flowers were selected as subjects. Seven flowers with color matters distiguishable through the naked eye were used: Korean forsythia, golden-wave, Mongolian dandelion, sunflower, conflower, chelidonium and chrysanthemum. Coloring matters were extracted from the seven flowers, which have been used to create a variety of colors through various dyestuffs; and the colors have been analyzed and presented. Dyeing and coloring matters were tested and analyzed, and several types of dyestuff had also been scientifically measured after treatment.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.773-780
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• 2008

The principal objective of this study was to assess the effects of maesil extract on yellow layer cake made with medium and cake flour. After making yellow layer cakes with maesil extract, water activity, hardness, Max G, springiness and crumb color were evaluated. During storage, the Aw of the yellow layer cakes prepared with maesil extract did not retain its consistency. The hardness, Max. G. and springiness of the yellow layer cakes prepared with maesil extract were all lower than that of the controls. With regard to the color of the yellow layer cakes, the L values were reduced, but the a and b values were increased with the addition of maesil extract. The micrographs of the yellow layer cakes prepared with maesil extract evidenced slightly higher porosity than was observed in the controls. This meant that the cake batter prepared with maesil extract could be used to create yellow layer cake with good volume and good quality.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 1998.09a
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• pp.404-408
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• 1998

Yellow sand event has been studied using SeaWiFS data in order to examine the aerosol optical characteristics in the Yellow Sea and their influences on the atmospheric correction for the ocean color remote sensing. Two SeaWiFS images of April 18 and April 25, 1998, representing Yellow Sand event and clear-sky case respectively, are selected for emphasizing the impact of high aerosol concentration on the ocean color remote sensing. It was shown that NASA's standard atmospheric correction algorithm treats yellow sand area as either too high radiance or cloud area, in which ocean color information is not generated. SeaWiFS aerosol optical thickness is compared with nearby ground-based sun photometer measurements and also is compared with radiative transfer simulation in conjunction with yellow sand model, examining the performance of NASA's atmospheric correction algorithm in case of the heavy dust event.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.721-726
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• 2006

In this article I visually assessed the relation between luminous source and color, and analyzed subjective recognition of color by light source and image of color, aiming at giving guidelines in selecting source of light suitable for each purpose, thereby contributing to enhanced quality of life. For this purpose, I subjectized, by applying a quantitative method, the objective measurement that employs sensory evaluation method for 14 categories of color, light and feelings in visual perception of textile colors (blue, green and yellow) by color of light source (color temperature of 2800K, 4200K and 6500K), Followings are the conclusions derived form this study. Colors of textile were differently perceived according to the color of light source. When examining common recognition of textiles in blue, green and yellow, 2800K was said to give dirty, soft and blurred image, as for 4200K clear, wide and fine feelings were said, and pure, vivid, refined and bright image were marked for 6500K. As for 2800K, it got the most low appraisals compared with others. In conclusion, image and feeling of the same colors can differ according to light source, which indicates the importance of appropriate selection of light source for purpose of use. As for yellow, the number of assessment result that shows significant difference was the smallest among the three colors. So, it can be concluded that when we consider the recognition of color in mixing different colors, mixing with yellow can result in difficulty in visually perceiving difference of colors. Therefore, it is regarded that more considerable attention is required when dealing with yellow color.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.56 no.9 s.109
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• pp.98-111
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• 2006

The objective of this research is to examine the commonness and differences of Korean, Chinese and Japanese costume colors of modern and present ages. The result of this study showed that modern China and Japan had quick influx speed of Western culture. Dissimilarly, modern Korea kept conception of colors from Chosun periods that show the high frequency of 'Five Elements Colors' and neutral colors in Red, Yellow and Purple Blue. Today, the costumes of China, Korea and Japan use similar tones of color but each country approached in different selections of achromatic colors; Korean prefers color in Yellow Red, Purple, and Chinese in Green Yellow, Green and Japanese in Purple Blue. Light greyish and pale toned Yellow Red and grayish tone have increased in modern Chinese and Japanese costumes. Also both countries have corresponding assumptions in using color of Red in strong tone. The analysis of color and tone distribution showed that, Japanese costume colors in modern and present times have correlative number of use as in Western culture. Traditionally, Japan has least notion of using 'Five Elements Colors' which only gives minor changes by convergence of Western color culture. In other side, China had developed in color rather than tone compares to Korea and Japan by using many of the Red color of strong, vivid and deep tones which made red distinguishing color of China. Japan continues to use of low chroma colors and became a characteristic in modern and present day, also they use an abundance of color in Yellow Red, purple Blue. Korea has a higher frequency showing in light, bright tones of color distinctively compares to China and Japan.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.191-195
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to identify the change of perception and preference of color according to time passage. The subjects were university students and for the survey 257 questionnaires in 1998 and 522 questionnaires in 2005 were effectively used to compare the perception and preference of color between the both period. The statistics was performed with frequency analysis and independent t-test in SPSS 10.0. The results were as follows. 1) Color perception according to time passage showed significant differences in red, yellow, green, and blue color. 2) Color preference according to time passage showed significant differences in red, green, and blue color. 3) Color perception among three regions according to time passage showed significant differences in red color in Seoul, yellow color in Seoul, Mokpo and Jeju, green color in Seoul and Mokpo, blue color in Seoul, Mokpo and Jeju, and purple color in Seoul. 4) Color preference among three regions according to time passage showed significant differences in yellow color in Mokpo, green and blue color in Seoul, Mokpo and Jeju.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.343-357
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• 1999

The color change of maxillofacial silicone has been attributed to certain environmental factors such as exposure to the UV component of natural sunlight, wetting and drying of the elastomer and surface abrasion resulting from the application and removal of cosmetics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the color change of maxillofacial silicone (Silastic MDX4-4210) according to type of pigment (cadmium yellow, titanium white, cosmetic red), and UV absorber application method after 200, 400, and 600 hours of 350nm UV light irradiation. The results were as follows. 1. According to type of pigments, after 200 hours cosmetic red showed significantly larger color change than cadmium yellow and titanium white, and after 400 and 600 hours color change significantly decreased in the order of cosmetic red, cadmium yellow, and titanium white (p<0.05). 2. In the cadmium yellow group, after 200 hours, the non-treatment group showed significantly larger color change, but after 400 and 600 hours, color change significantly decreased in the order of non-treatment, surface application and mixed group (p<0.05). 3. In the titanium white group, there was no significant color change difference between the three groups after 200 and 400 hours, but after 600 hours, the mixed group showed significantly smalt or color change than the non-treatment and surface application groups (p<0.05). 4. In the cosmetic red group, there was significant decrease in color change in the order of non-treatment, surface application and mixed group (p<0.05). From the results above, the effect of UV light absorber differed according to the type of pigment, but mixing UV light absorber with maxillofacial silicone is thought to give superior resistance against UV light irradiation in the long run.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.65-68
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is examine the color planning in the different type of classroom to establish interior color planning. This study also uses environmental planning and practical use of basic data for color planning to future school facilities. The summary of this study is as followed. The primary school and middle school classrooms as well as the open space classrooms floor color recommended of brown and the primary school wall color is light yellow, middle school wall color is light yellow and brown. The high school classroom color is recommended brown and wall color to light yellow and green system. The recommended floor color of primary school which includes in computer room and language study room, library of the multi-purpose of media room recommended are gray, brown and pink. The recommended wall color in primary school is light gray. The middle school floor color propose gray and light brown and wall recommended color is light brown, gray, ivory with the high school the computer room, language study room and library. The floor color is recommended gray, green and the wall propose blue. Moreover, recognize that importance of color effectiveness in school interior facilities considering with Interior covering material in class room.