• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.23-28
• /
• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the difference between the faller and the non-faller in the test for balance and fear of falling. This was also done to determine whether the balance and the fear of falling are correlated in the elderly. Method: Forty eight subjects participated in this study, who attended the senior center in Daegu. Prior to the test, demographic data was collected. As for the balance test, Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up & Go (TUG), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Functional Reach Test (FRT), and One Leg Stance (OLS) were used. For measuring the fear of falling, Falls Efficacy Scale (FES) and Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) were used. Independent t-test and Pearson's correlation was performed using PASW 18.0 for windows. Result: All balance tests, except OLS, and fear of falling could discriminate between the faller and the non-faller. There existed a significant correlation between some balance test and fear of falling (r=0.64~0.86). Conclusion: The findings indicate that assessing the falling in the elderly, there needs to be a consideration of multiple aspects including the fear of falling and not only the balance test.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.11-19
• /
• 2017

Purpose : This study examined the effects of balance training using virtual reality program on sitting balance ability and activities of daily living (ADL) in stroke patients. Method : In the study, 20 patients with hemiplegia were divided into two groups: experiment group (EG) of 10 patients and control group(CG) of 10 patients. The two groups received general occupational therapy for 30 minutes, per day, at a rate of 5 times per week for 6 weeks. The EG was additionally conducted which was performed virtual reality balance training and the CG was conducted general occupational therapy balance training for 30-minutes, once a day, 3 times a week for 6 weeks. Result : The evaluations of this study included: limit of stability(LOS), modified Functional Reach Test(mFRT), and modified Barthel Index(MBI). The patients were evaluated before and after their six week training programs. Significant differences in the LOS, mFRT, MBI were found between pretest and posttest scores in both the EG and CG groups(p<.05). Also, LOS, mFRT, MBI were significant different between the groups at post-test(p<.05). Conclusion : The study findings suggest that virtual reality balance training can improve sitting balance and ADL ability in stroke patients.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.105-113
• /
• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the effects of dynamic balance training on pain, physical function, and dynamic balance in individuals with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: Fourteen patients with knee osteoarthritis participated in this study. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups: an experimental group (n=7) or a control group (n=7). All the patients took part in a lower extremity strength program for 30 min. In addition, the experimental group participated in a 30-min dynamic balance program. Both groups performed the program five times a week for 3 weeks. Outcomes, including the numeric rating scale (NRS), Western Ontario and MacMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), and Community Balance and Mobility Scale (CB&M), were measured at baseline and after 3 weeks. Results: Both groups showed pre-to-post intervention improvements on all outcome measures (p<0.05). The experimental group showed a significant improvement in WOMAC (p = 0.00; Z = -2.82) and CB&M (p = 0.03; Z = -2.20) scores after the intervention as compared with those of the control group. Conclusion: The results revealed that dynamic balance training improved physical function, as well as balance ability, in patients with knee osteoarthritis as compared with that of a control group with no balance training.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.79-86
• /
• 2011

Background : The purpose of this study was to investigate on the ankle pain, Range of Motion(ROM) and balance ability with old man have fall down experience used to ankle strengthening exercise for 6 weeks. We introduced ankle strengthening exercise in this study in order to recover the pain, ankle ROM and balance ability. Methods : Twenty-four old mans have fall down experience were included for the study. Among them, twelve old mans(experimental group) were ankle strengthening exercise and physical science methods(H/P, TENS, U/S), another twelve old mans(control group) were treated by physical science methods(H/P, TENS, U/S). Each group made use of Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) to pain and goniometer to ankle ROM and Berg Balance Test(BBS) to balance ability to compare the possible changes of pain, ROM and balance ability in two groups after treatment. Results : In experimental group, pain reduced, ankle ROM has increased in dorsi-flexion, plantar-flexion and balance ability has increased for 6 weeks. In control group, pain reduced, ankle ROM has not changed in dorsi-flextion, plantar-flextion and balance ability has not changed for 6 weeks. Conclusion : According to the results, we concluded that ankle strengthening exercise for 6 weeks is effective for reducing pain and increasing ankle ROM and balance ability. Therefore, we thought the old man have fall dawn experience need ankle strengthening exercise for prevention repeatedly fall down.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.56-65
• /
• 2020

Purpose: Individuals affected by stroke present with changes in motor function, balance, and cognition. The purpose of this study was to the correlation between motor function, balance, and cognition in patients with stroke. Design: cross-sectional study design. Methods: 67 stroke patients in the experiment were included. For evaluation of motor function which is Manual Muscle Test, Range of Motion, Modified Ashworth Scale for spasticity, grasping power, and balance was measured using the Berg Balance Scale and Functional reach test. For evaluating Cognition which is Korean-Mini Mental State Examination. Results: The results of this study's motor function, balance, and cognition showed a significant positive correlation (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results indicated that motor function, balance, and cognition were significantly correlated with each other. Therefore, it is suggested that to improve the motor function and balance of patients with stoke, it needs to evaluate the cognition and the motor function, balance, and cognitive training should be combined.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.1999-2004
• /
• 2020

Background: Although studies on physical motor learning through motor imagery training have been conducted in various fields, studies on its effectiveness are still considered insufficient. Objective: To investigate the effect of motor imagery training and balance training on static balance of asymptomatic adults in their 20s. Design: A quasi-experimental study. Methods: Thirty-six adults in their 20s who passed the tandem stance test were randomized to the motor imagery training group (MIG, n=12), motor imagery with balance training group (MIBG, n=12), and balance training group (BG, n=12). Each group underwent their respective interventions three times a week for four weeks, and changes in static balance were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance. Results: Trace length was significantly lower in the MIBG than in the MIG and BG (P<.05), and a significant reduction in trace length in the MIBG was observed after the intervention as compared to the baseline (P<.05). Furthermore, a significantly lower velocity was observed in the MIBG than in the MIG and BG (P<.05), and a significant reduction of velocity in the MIBG was more observed after the intervention compared to the baseline (P<.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that motor imagery training enhance static balance in healthy college students.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.75-83
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree of improvement of posture and foot balance between the exercise group and the control group after upright body type exercise program of 12 weeks with 14 female students in B female high school. According to the procedure of this study, following conclusion came out. First, The change of head's posture became near a centerline and a significant decrease from $7.57{\pm}13.95mm$ to $2.71{\pm}5.23mm$ in experimental group and there was a statistically significant difference (p<.002). The change of left foot balance was near the perfect balance (50%) from $48.93{\pm}3.87%$ to $49.74{\pm}2.95%$ and right foot balance was from $51.07{\pm}3.87%$ to $50.26{\pm}2.95%$ in experimental group and there were near the perfect balance (50%). The change of left foot balance of control group fall away the perfect balance (50%) from $49.97{\pm}2.67%$ to $49.08{\pm}1.41%$, right foot balance also fall away the perfect balance (50%) from $50.03{\pm}2.67%$ to $50.92{\pm}1.41%$. As a conclusion, upright body type exercise program considered to effect posture and foot balance in female high school girls. Consequently It was suggested that upright body type exercise program with improvement and prevention for posture's unbalance of female high school girls. This program could be utilized for improvement of youth posture and foot balance.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 2012

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of body balance according to insole height and to provide basic information about body balance by insole height. Method : We examed 40 university students who had healthy body without balance impairment. Plantar pressure was measured by EMED system and the measurement of MTD balance used the MTD-balance master in static stance posture. Both of equipments are various measurement method. We measured plantar pressure and MTD balance each three different height insole(0cm, 3cm, 7cm) and each trial was 30 second in duration. Result : The results were as follows : 1) It showed significantly differences between bare foot and height insole. The anterior plantar pressure with 3cm or 7cm insole were more higher than bare foot(P<.05). 2) There were no significantly differences between barefoot and height insole with MTD-balance master(P<.05). Conclusion : In conclusion, the measurement of MTD balance showed right and left balance ability didn't change by insole height, but plantar pressure was moved on anterior side of foot so we could know insole's height cause the effect to anterior and posterior balance ability.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.7-11
• /
• 2002

This study was performed to estimate fille zinc absorption, excretion, and balance of preschool children in Pohang and to evaluate the relationship zinc absorption and related variables. To determine the zinc absorption and excretion, duplicate food samples, pooled faces and urine samples were collected for 3 consecutive days in 21 preschool children. The mean fecal and urine excretions were 7.03mg/day and 0.16mg/day far the boys and 5.87mg/day and 0.15mg/day for the girls. Analyzed daily mean zinc intake was 10.45mg/day for the boys and 7.80mg/day for the girls. The mean ,apparent absorption rate and balance were 29.7% and 3.25mg for the boys and 23.3%, 1.78mg for the girls. Although the mean apparent absorption rate and balance of boys tended to be higher, there was no significant difference between boys and girls. In this study, subjects showed the positive balance except one. Fecal zinc loss reflected dietary zinc (p < 0.01), but urinary zinc loss was unaffected by zinc intake. There was a positive relationship between zinc apparent absorption and zinc balance (p<0.01). These results show that the zinc absorption and balance were favorable.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.105-112
• /
• 2020

Objective: To investigate the effects of training using a trunk control robot (TCR) system combined with conventional therapy (CT) on balance and gait abilities in persons with chronic stroke. Design: Two-group pretest-posttest design. Methods: Thirty-five subjects with chronic stroke were randomly assigned to either the TCR group (n=17) or the trunk extension-training (TET) group (n=18). Both groups performed CT for 30 minutes, after which the TCR group performed TCR training and the TET group performed trunk extension training for 20 minutes. Both groups performed the therapeutic interventions 3 days per week for 6 weeks. Balance ability was evaluated using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and the Timed Up-and-Go (TUG) test. Gait ability was measured using the 10 m Walk Test (10MWT) and the NeuroCom Smart Balance Master. Results: TCR group showed significant improvements in static balance (weight bearing) and dynamic balance (weight shifting speed, weight shifting direction, BBS, and TUG), 10MWT, gait speed, and step width (p<0.05); step length was not significant. The TET group showed a significant partial improvement of dynamic balance (weight shifting speed, weight shifting direction, BBS, and 10MWT (p<0.05), but the improvements in static balance, TUG, gait speed, and step width and step length was not significant. Additionally, significant differences in static balance, dynamic balance (weight shifting speed, weight shifting direction, BBS, and TUG), 10MWT, gait speed, and step width were detected between groups (p<0.05). Conclusions: TCR training combined with CT is effective in improving static and dynamic balance, as well as gait abilities in persons with chronic stroke.