• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.600-603
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• 1995

A series of samples in the Sm1-xSrxCoO3-y(x=0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00) system has been prepared at 1200 ℃ under ambient atmosphere. The X-ray diffraction patterns of the samples with x=0.00 and 0.25 are indexed with orthorhombic symmetry like GdFeO3 and x=0.50 appears to be perfectly cubic. In the tetragonal system (x=0.75), the structure is similar to that of SrCoO2.80. The composition of x=1.00, SrCoO2.52, shows the brownmillerite-type structure. The reduced lattice volume is increased with x value in this system. The chemical analysis shows the τ value (the amount of the Co4+ ions in the system) is maximized at the composition of x=0.50. Nonstoichiometric chemical formulas are determined by the x, τ and y values. The electrical conductivity has been measured in the temperature range of 78 to 1000 K. The activation energy is minimum for those of x=0.25 and x=0.50 with metallic behavior. First-order semiconductor-to-metal transition of SmCoO3 is not observed. Instead, a broad, high-order semiconductor-to-metal transition is observed. In general, the effective magnetic moment is increased with increasing τ values at low temperature. At high temperature, the magnetic moment is maximum for that of x=0.00. The 3d-electrons are collective and give ferromagnetism in x=0.50.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.1135-1141
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• 2008

고온 수증기 전기분해용 $La_{1-x}(Ca\;or\;Sr)xCrO_3$(x=0 and 0.25) 연결재 재료의 소결도와 전기 전도도에 대해서 연구하였다. 이러한 목적으로 $LaCrO_3$, $La_{0.75}Ca_{0.25}CrO_3$(LCC)와 $La_{0.75}Sr_{0.25}CrO_3$(LSC) 분말들은 공침법을 통해 합성하였으며, 결정구조는 X-Ray Diffraction(XRD)를 통해 확인하였다. 소결 특성은 상대밀도와 주사 전자현미경을 통해 분석하였고 전기 전도도는 직렬 4-단자 법으로 측정하였다. 상대 밀도 분석으로부터 도핑된 $LaCrO_3$는 $LaCrO_3$보다 더 높은 소결성을 나타내었고, 입자 크기가 작을수록 소결성이 향상하는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 다양한 소결온도에서 얻은 LCC, LSC 시편들의 XRD 결과는 LCC와 LSC의 소결성이 2차상의 상전이와 밀접한 관련이 있다는 사실을 나타내었다. 다시 말해, LCC는 $1,300^{\circ}C$ 이상, LSC는 $1,400^{\circ}C$ 이상에서 2차상이 융해됨으로써 소결성을 현저하게 향상시킨다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 비슷한 상대밀도를 가진 LCC와 LSC의 전기 전도도를 비교 측정한 결과, LCC가 LSC보다 더 높은 전기 전도도를 나타낸다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.220-226
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• 1993

Bridgman 방법으로 성장된 $TlGa_xIn_{1-x}Se_2$ 단결정의 격자상수와 energy gap의 성분의존성을 조사하였다. $TlGa_xIn_{1-x}Se_2$ solid solution의 불연속 특성이 tetragonal과 monoclinic 구조를 가진 0.25$0.0{\leq}X{\leq}0.25$)로부터 monoclinic 구조($0.65{\leq}X{\leq}1.0$)로 변하는 구조적 상전이가 이 성분영역에서 관측되었다. $TlGaSe_2$ 단결정의 energy gap과 유전상수의 온도의존성으로부터 각각 1차 및 2차 상전이에 상당하는 107 K와 120 K에서 변칙특성을 발견하였다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2002

It was attempted to evaluate the degree of degradation of thermally aged 2.25-1Mo steek by ultrasonic monlinear parameter(UNP) measurement and X-ray diffraction analysis of extracted carbide. Artificial aging was performed to simulate the microstructural degradation in 2.25Cr-1Mo steel arising from long time exposure at $540{\circ}C$. Microstructural analysis (number of carbides per unit area) and measurements of mechanical properties(Vickers hardness, DBTT) and degradation evaluation parameters(UNP and intensity ration of X-ray diffraction peak of electrolytically extracted carbide) were performed. Both of UNP and intensity ratio of X-ray diffraction peak for M6C carbide to that of M23C6 carbide(IR) increased abruptly in the initial 1000 hour of aging and then changed little. UNP and IR were proposed as potential parameters to evaluate the degree of aging degradation of 2.25Cr-1Mo steel.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.71-72
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• 2009

칼코게나이드(chalcogenide)계 비정질 반도체는 그들의 독특한 광학적, 전기적 특성 때문에 활발한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 비정질 Se는 유연한 원자구조로 인해 가장 먼저 광학적으로 상용화되었으며, 응용성이 매우 큰 반도체 재료중 하나로 Ge-Se와 같이 Se를 기본으로 한 칼코게나이드 유리 반도체가 주목받고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 비정질 칼코게나이드 $Ge_xSe_{100-x}$(x=25,95) 조성에 대한 광학적 특성을 연구 하였다. 시료는 5N의 순도를 갖는 Ge, Se 물질을 준비하고 조성비에 맞추어서 석영관에 진공 봉입한 후 용융 혼합하여 $Ge_{25}Se_{75}$와 $Ge_{95}Se_5$조성의 두 가지 비정질 벌크를 제작하였다. 열증착 방법으로 유리 기판위에 박막을 제작하였고 UV-vis-NIR spectrophotometer를 사용하여 투과도를 측정하였다. 측정한 스펙트럼을 이용하여 Swanpoel method로 굴절률을 계산하고 특성을 분석하였다.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.161-165
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• 2010

Even though there is a formula for $h^0$(X, $\cal{O}_X(nK_X)$) for a canonical threefold X, it is not easy to compute $h^0$(X, $\cal{O}_X(nK_X)$) because the formula has a term due to singularities. In this paper, we find a way to control the term due to singularities. We show nonvanishing of plurigenus for the case when the index r in the singularity type $\frac{1}{r}$(1, -1, b) is sufficiently large.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 1992년도 추계학술발표강연 및 논문개요집
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• pp.25-25
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• 1992

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제23권11호
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• pp.869-874
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• 2010

Magnetoelectric composites with compositions (1-x)[0.5PZT-0.25PNN-0.25PZN](ferroelectric) - x[$(Ni_{0.9}Zn_{0.1})Fe_2O_4$](ferrite) in which x varies as 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 were prepared by conventional ceramic process. The presence of two phases (ferroelectric phase with large grain and ferrite phase with small grain) in the particulate ceramic composites was confirmed by XRD, SEM and EDX. The ferroelectric and magnetic properties of the composites were studied by measuring the P-E and M-H hysterisis loop on the composite composition (x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 1), they were strongly affects of the phase content in composite. The magnetoelectric votage was measured as a function of DC magnetic field and the maximum magnetoelectric voltage coefficient of 14 mV/cm Oe was observed in x=0.2(80 mol% ferroelectric and 20 mol% ferrite phase).

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.486-492
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• 2004

We report the crystallization and magnetic properties of non-equilibrium $Al_{0.6}(Fe_{x}Cu_{1-x})_{0.4}(x=0.25, 0.50, 0.75)$ alloy powders produced by rod-milling as well as by new chemical leaching. X-ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and vibrating sample magnetometry were used to characterize the as-milled and leached specimens. After 400 h or 500 h milling, only the broad peaks of nano bcc crystalline phases were detected in the XRD patterns. The crystallite size, the peak and the crystallization temperatures increased with increasing Fe. After being annealed at $600{^\circ}C$ for 1 h for as-milled alloy powders, the peaks of bcc $AlCu_{4}\;and\;Al_{13}Cu_{4}Fe_{3}\;for\;x=0.25,\;bcc\;AlCu_{4}\;and\;Al_{5}Fe_{2}\;for\;x=0.50,\;and\;Al_{5}Fe_{2},\;and\;Al_{0.5}Fe_{0.5}\;for\;x=0.75$ are observed. After being annealed at $500{^\circ}\;and\;600{^\circ}C$for 1 h for leached specimens, these non-equi-librium phases transformed into fcc Cu and $CuFe_{2}O_{4}$phases for the x=0.25 specimen, and into bcc ${\alpha}-Fe,\;fcc\;Cu,\;and\;CuFe_{2}O_{4}$ phases for both the x=0.50 and the x=0.75 specimens. The saturation magnetization decreased with increasing milling time for $Al_{0.6}(Fe_{x}Cu_{1-x})_{0.4}$ alloy powders. On cooling the leached specimens from $800{\~}850^{\circ}C$,\;the magnetization first sharply increase at about $491.4{\circ}C,\;745{\circ}C,\;and\;750.0{\circ}C$ for x=0.25, x=0.50, and x=0.75 specimens, repectively.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.256-260
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• 1994

Perovskite type oxides of the $Sr_xHo_{1-x}FeO_{3-y}$ system with compositions of x=0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00 have been prepared at 1200$^{\circ}$C in air. X-ray powder diffraction assigns the compositions with x=0.00 and 0.25 to the orthorhombic crystal system and those with x=0.50, 0.75, and 1.00 to the cubic one. The unit cell volumes of solid solutions increase with x in the system. Nonstoichiometric chemical formulas were determined by Mohr salt titration. The mole ratio of $Fe^{4+}$ ions to total iron ions and the concentration of oxygen ion vacancies increase with x. Mossbauer spectra for the compositions of x= 0.00, 0.25, and 0.50 show six lines indicating the presence of $Fe^{3+}$ ions in the octahedral site. However, the presence of $Fe^{4+}$ ions may also be detected in the spectra for the compositions with x=0.25 and x=0.50. In the compositions with x=0.75 and 1.00, single line patterns show also the mixed valence state of $Fe^{3+}$ and $Fe^{4+}$ ions. The electrical conductivity in the temperature range of -100$^{\circ}$C to 100$^{\circ}$C under atmospheric air pressure increases sharply with x but the activation energy decreases with the mole ratio of $Fe^{4+}$ ion. The conduction mechanism of the perovskite system seems to be hopping of the conduction electrons between the mixed valence iron ions.