• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.231-244
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze body composition, obesity according to working pattern of working women. The subjects were workers in the automobile manufacturing industry. Methods: The subjects consisted of 514 industrial women workers who had received Korean oriental medicine health examination and submitted questionires about working pattern, during 8 months from April 2005 to November 2005. The body composition was measured by X-scan(Jawon medical, Seoul, Korea). We analyzed the relationship between body composition analysis, obesity and shift pattern with $X^2-test$ using the SPSS Ver. 12.0 Results: Regarding the realationship between body composition and working pattern, shift worker group had a significantly higher level of body weight, ratio of body fat, visceral fat and abdominal fat than normal worker. Conclusion: From this study, we can know that shift work can influence on working women's body composition and obesity.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.226-234
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was to examine health status, reproductive health problems and the degree of prenatal management in working women. Method: The subjects were 902 married working women among 2,000 women selected by cluster sampling. The work area was classified to product factory, school, office, etc. After an Informed consent was obtained, participants were asked to fill out a self-administered questionnaire. The instruments included a questionnaire, parity check list, menstrual problems and gynecologic problem check list. Result: Many women have experienced menstrual cycle change during the past year. There was a significant difference in general health, menstrual regularity, reproductive health and prenatal management by occupation type. 40.6 percent of the subjects have gynecological problems such as menstrual cycle change, perineal inflammation, irregular vaginal bleeding, amenorrhea, ovarian/uterine disease, infertility, or abortion. Prenatal care was received in only 28.5% of the total subjects. In addition, 16.3% answered they had experienced low birth weight babies. Conclusion: We can conclude that working woman have changes in menstruation cycle and in reproductive health status. Therefore, we suggest that some occupational characteristics may affect subject's reproductive health, these should be clear and avoided as much as possible.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.89-103
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• 2004

One of the major health problems of working women is job stress according to many studies. However, existing job stress questionnaires are suitable for men and men's job environments only, and do not reflect emotional labor for sales people. The aim of this research is to find women's job stress factors. The subjects of this investigation are married working women in sales since they experience emotional labor in addition to physical and psychological labor and the work-family conflict is very important job stressor for them. The job stressor of married sales women was analyzed through qualitative research. After I had in-depth interviews with 20 married sales women, I identified 49 new concepts, 3 main categories and 17 sub categories. The results are like the following. 1. 3 main categories are job factor, aggravate factor, and compensate factor. 2. Job factor has 5 sub-categories including 'increasing of selling', 'emotional labor' and 'physical burden'. 3. Aggrabate factor has 6 sub-categories including 'work/family conflict', 'relationship with higher office' and 'relationship with a fellow worker' 4. Compensate factor has 6 sub-categories including 'opportunity of employment', 'discrimination', and 'prestige' Consequently this study newly found some major job stressors for married working women in sales department.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.342-352
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• 2016

This study examined the fashion culture of 20-30s working women through clothing norm relationships in the workplace. A literature research was conducted along with qualitative research, in-depth interviews in order to understand the domestic working environment and fashion culture such as lifestyle and consumer culture characteristics of 20-30s working women. The results were: First, it showed that the increased number of members having various inclinations caused subcultures through an increase of women's economic activities and transition to a knowledge-information society in domestic work places that changed into a business casual that recognized employees' autonomy and diversity. Second, in the working place, clothing norms coexist as stipulated by statutes, company rules, and official documents as well as others implied by experiences of sanction against members. Workplace closing norms are classified into norms of exposure that draw attention to clothes and casual clothes. Third, it showed that factors pressuring clothing norms are classified as external pressures and by spontaneous self-censorship that cause conflict and confusion with working women's fashion according to the degree of pressure. Two kinds of pressure by others (or types of departments and members) were observed.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to discover the influence of the working conditions on women workers' occupational stress. Methods: Descriptive method is used to identify women's stress depending on their general working features and conditions by conducting a survey of them in women-dominated service industries. SPSS 18.0 program is used for data analysis and descriptive statistics is presented with standard deviation, frequency and percentage. ${\chi}^2$-test is used as an analysis tool. To figure out factors that influence their stress, logistic regression analysis is used for general features and working conditions as independent variables, and occupational stress as a dependent variable. Results: As a result, among the independent variables, employment status, weekly working hours, career, shiftwork, and work-family-balance are meaningful factors that influence their stress. Temporary workers' stress is 3.65 times higher (p<.001), and workers working over 48 hours a week have 1.97 times higher stress (p<.003). Workers with over 5 years' career are under 1.73 times higher stress (p<.046) and shift workers are under 3.51 times higher stress (p<.001). Work family balance results in 1.93 times higher stress (p<.009). Conclusion: It is necessary to seek how to prevent and manage women workers' stress considering features.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

Purpose: This study determines the effect of spending distribution, namely experiential, impulsive, self-expressive, prosocial, and conspicuous spending, on the financial well-being of young working women in Malaysia. Research design, data and methodology: This study employed a quantitative and deductive approach. A sample of 400 young working women was selected using a systematic sampling technique. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and analysed using Structural Equation Modelling (CB-SEM). Results: The findings revealed prosocial and impulsive spending as the significant spending distribution to affect financial well-being. The effect of prosocial spending is positive on financial well-being, while the effect of impulsive spending is a negative predictor of financial well-being. All other spending distribution - experiential, self-expressive, and conspicuous spending - do not have a significant effect on financial well-being. Conclusion: To achieve financial well-being, young working women need to distribute the spending budget for the happiness of others and reduce impulse buying. The findings provide useful insights on the significant role of spending distribution in influencing, how to fuel young working women to develop good spending habits that consequently improve their financial well-being, for themselves and Malaysian economics, as well as the plausible solution to overcome financial problems and high indebtedness.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.197-204
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• 2002

Objectives : To evaluate the association between working conditions and adverse pregnancy outcomes in Korea. Methods : We obtained data on health history, lifestyle, housework and Working conditions, such as shift work, hours standing, working time, job demand, lifting at work and at home, between August and September 2000, from self-reported questionnaires. A group of 344, occupationally active, pregnant women from 51 industries were studied. Of the women studied, 328 women were further interviewed by telephone between November 2000 and September 2001. Result : Compared with daytime work, shift work increased the risk for preform birth (an adjusted risk ratio of 2.74, 95% CI=1.02-2.62) and low birth weight (an adjusted risk ratio of 2.74,95% CI=1.02-2.02). A significantly increased risk was found for prolonged standing, with an adjusted risk ratio of preform births of 6.80 (95% CI=2.01-23.0). There were no significant differences in the incidence of spontaneous abortion between the occupational working conditions, with the enception of a previous history of spontaneous abortion. Conclusion : These findings suggest that maternal working conditions, such as shift work and prolonged standing, contribute significantly to preterm birth and low birth weight.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2011

본 연구의 목적은 라이프스타일에 따른 직장여성의 외식소비행태에 영향을 미치는지를 분석하기위한 연구이다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 대전지역에 거주하는 직장여성 350명을 상대로 설문조사를 실시하였으며 실증분석을 위하여 배포된 응답자의 설문지를 data coding과정을 거쳐 SPSS 12.0 for Window를 이용하여 분석하였다. 분석방법으로는 빈도분석, 기술 분석, 신뢰성분석, 요인분석, 군집분석을 사용하였다. 라아프스타일에 대한 요인분석결과로 나타난 유행 추구형, 외식 지향형, 건강 지향형, 브랜드 지향형, 여가 지향형, 재태크형 안정 추구형의 7개의 요인별 요인점수를 기준으로 군집분석을 실시하였다. 요인접수를 바탕으로 전체 집단의 수를 분석한 결과 4개의 집단에서 표본의 수가 가장 안정적이고 균형을 이루고 있어 4개의 집단으로 군집을 분류하였으며 분석결과 직장여성의 라이프스타일에 따른 외식소비행태에 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으며 단, 매장 내에서의 삭사소요시간은 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 연구의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 직장여성들에 대한 라아프스타일이 외식소비행태에 풍요한 변수로 작용한다는 사실로 미루어 직장여성을 중심으로 한 인구통계학적 특성과 외식소비행태에 관련한 마케팅 계획이 절실이 필요하다.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.93-109
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• 2001

The purposes of this study are to identify stress and coping strategies of married working women. Data were collected from 185 married working women, living in the metropolitan area. The results were as follows: 1. Low family function and high occupational stress affected stress symptoms of married working women significantly, but type A personality was not related to the stress symptoms. 2. The more the married working women perceived stress symptoms, the more they utilized organizational coping strategies. 3. The women who used personal coping strategies effectively also used more effective organizational coping strategies. 4. Two paths were statistically significant : family function$\rightarrow$stress symptoms, occupational stress$\rightarrow$stress symptoms. But the others were not. Based on those results, the model was modified by adding four paths : A type personality$\rightarrow$personal coping strategies, occupational stress$\rightarrow$organizational coping strategies, personal coping strategies$\rightarrow$organizational coping strategies, organizational coping strategies$\rightarrow$stress symptoms. 5. The modified model produced a better fit than hypothetical model(GFI=0.9985, ACFI=0.9893, NFI=0.9920, NNFI=1.1330, RMSR=0.0030, PNFI=0.1984). In conclusion, the stress management for married working women needs to focus on both organizational coping strategies and personal coping strategies.

• 사회복지연구
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.389-412
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• 2011

본 연구의 목적은 기혼 취업여성의 우울에 관한 인과적 관계를 규명하기 위한 것이다. 이를 위해 분석자료로는 제1차 서울시복지패널 조사자료를 이용하였으며, 서울시복지패널자료의 조사대상자 중 20~50대 기혼 취업여성 507명을 분석대상으로 선정하였고, 분석방법으로는 구조방정식 모형을 이용하였다. 분석결과, 기혼 취업여성의 성역할태도로부터 복리후생만족도와 결혼행복감을 거쳐서 우울에 완전매개효과 경로가 형성되었고, 복리후생만족도는 우울과 결혼행복감 간에 부분매개효과가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 기혼 취업여성의 우울을 해소하기 위한 방안을 제시해보면 우선, 기혼 취업여성의 우울은 우리 사회가 가사노동은 아직까지 여성의 역할로 간주하는 데에서 기인하는 바가 크므로 취업여성들이 일과 가족생활을 양립할 수 있도록 지원하고, 그러한 맥락에서 남성의 가사 및 육아참여를 유도할 수 있는 정책적 조치가 요구된다. 둘째, 기혼 취업여성이 전통주의 성역할 태도를 견지할수록 결혼행복감 및 복리후생만족도는 낮은 결과가 나타났음을 고려해 볼 때 우리 사회에 잔존하고 있는 전통주의적 성역할 가치관을 변화시킬 수 있는 복리후생제도 및 가족친화제도의 활성화 방안이 요구된다. 셋째, 기혼 취업여성의 우울에 큰 영향을 미치는 결혼행복감을 증진시키기 위해서는 부부 및 부모 교육을 포함한 가족서비스를 더욱 강화하는 방안을 모색하는 것이 필요하다.