• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.167-192
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• 2012

Aviation industry is known as the knowledge-based one and as an advanced nations' exclusive property having a large capacity for creating job and added value. Considering the current status of the aviation industry as aforesaid, it is natural for all countries to turn their attention to such promising aviation industry. At the time of rapid growth in aviation market, the importance of securing managerial experts and technicians is being under the spotlight as the aviation profession is increasingly in demand. To meet such dire needs that have already become an ever-greater part of the industry, collaboration among governmental, educational and industrial parties has formed in preparation for putting us into so-called an era of globalization. Having recognized the significance of the program, carried forward by The Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs, fostering human resources in civil aviation, the objective of this study lies on deloping indicators for the programofficially designed to produce men of expertise in international air transport, the market of which forms nowadays a large part of national economy, and the technology of which develops so quickly. In this paper, an effort is made to develop the appraisal indicators and to set up standards thereof in order for the program to be systematically and expertly assessed on the basis of Quinn and Rohrbaugh's the competing values model. Firstly, this paper designs appraisal indicators, taking into account the peculiarity and environment of air transport industry, for developing human resources in civil aviation by utilizing advanced research on educational assessment in general due to the absence of applicable preceding studies regarding the development of human resources in civil aviation. Secondly, investigations into the necessity and validity of the appraisal are committed by analyzing answers from 100 respondents to questionaires and oral surveys in order to verify appraisal indicators designed in accordance with the competing values model. Lastly, the paper analyzes in a demographical way discrepancy in the recognitions among institutions for which the respondents work, on the basis of the outcome of the survey. As a result, the discrepancy is found not significant, which indicate that the aviation experts favour the indicators as appraisal standards. Prospective studies on the same issue may need an in-depth analysis, empowered by sufficient sampling in balance, of correlation between independent variables, then hopefully serve as a momentum for advancement of study in civil aviation.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.97-110
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• 2001

An image exists in the thought of every subjective person and it exercises its influence over everything, having a great power in the real world. An positive image of the nurse has an influence on her faith, value and confidence, therefore increasing her job satisfaction, helping to upgrade her level of profession of nursing through qualitative nursing service as a result, considering the necessity of such an image when it comes to improvement of the profession, the confirmation of the image is indispensable to its evaluation of a speciality in nursing. This study is intended to help that improvement of the nursing profession in the present so that the total effort in every field of nursing is made and to offer basic material for developing a strategy to improve the image of nurses. This study is designed to investigate such an image descriptively. The subjects include 105 nurses, 60 doctors, 68 office workers, 88 medical engineers, 127 patients and there protectors with a total of 448 adapted with accidental sampling, who work at Y and W general hospital in Chonju. The measuring instrument consists of 40 question, with the researcher amended and made from on of Inja Song(1993), Donsoon Lee(1995), Ilsim yang(1998), and its Cronbach's alpha coefficient is .95. Data were collected from March 1 2000 to March 20, 2000 using self-reported questionnairs, analyzed with SPSS WIN 7.5 after encoding. The results are as follows: 1. Most of the subjects thinks the nursing as a hard, stressful, always busy job(more than 75%), and consider nurses as good-looking, supportive and responsible to co-workers to above average degree($50.0{\sim}74.9%$), especially it shows the idea that nursing is independently academic job and has come to fasten itself upon the public. But it shows below the everage($25.0%{\sim}49.9%$) in regard to self development as a specialist, affection for there job, an association activity, service to the community, high intelligence level and direct given patient nursing service. It also rated low as a recommendable job, independently nursing accomplishment, social position. 2. The nurses, patients and there protectors expressed more positive opinions than doctors, medical engineers, office workers about the image of the nurse(F=18.80, p=.00). This fact indicates that the former group evaluated the image similarly contrary to lowness of the latter. 3. In the study on what influenced upon the image, it defines to 79.8% by direct contact in the hospital or acquaintance with nurses, and 16.3% by mass media. 67.3% answered that they saw the image in a new light through hospitalization, which suggests an important source for the image management originates from caring for the quality of nursing service. Considering the evaluation of the image above, we need strategies to lead a unique professional knowledge and technological development, insurance of professional self-determination, high social position, participation in group activities, dedication to lifetime job, in order that nursing comes to expand as a professional occupation. Also, as for generating more positive images, we must take the quality of nursing service into account and offer and monitor correct information about the expanded role and function of the nurse continuously so that mass media reflect a more accurate image of nurses in general.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.237-251
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to suggest successful strategies through which the effect of the information system of a hospital can be forecasted at the nursing department. In order to set up successful strategies, in the first place, both the methods of CSF(Critical Success Factor: Rockart, 1979) and ULD(User-Led Development) method and the method suggested by the Korea Productivity Center were applied. In order to measure the improvement of nursing productivity, the Dissonance theory was used. The data were collected from 100 employees serving at the clinic department of Kwangju Patriots' and Veterans' Hospital from July 4 to July 25, 1998 with reference to all 222 cases, for sampling work; then the part of the efficiency of the treatment or management of hospital business - simplification of the process of the treatment of hospital business and reduction of the time of the treatment of hospital business were measured; and in order to forecast organizational behavior, 100 cases of organization behavior were analysed, based on the well structured, questionnaires. In order to forecast the user's organizational behavior, a tool(Ronald. 1988; Stephen, 1982: Senn, 1992: Olsen, 1980: Anderson, 1988: Kim. 1992: Cho. 1994) to measure the extent or degree of the user's recognition or understanding whose reliability coefficient is 0.63 was used: and regarding the items expected by the users concerning the convenience of the system, a tool created by Bernadett, Szajna and Richard W. Scamell(1993) whose reliability coefficient is 0.88 was used. And finally, those data were analysed, utilizing the statistical package of SPSS/PC 6.0. successful strategies are suggested as follows: 1. In order that the Kwangju Patriots' and Veterans' Hospital's purpose can be successful through its strategic, information system, the quality of its services should be elevated. and for elevating the quality of medical services, elevation of the quality of medical expertism or specialty is an important factor in determining such quality. 2. In order to make the hospital information system to be successful, the hospital's top manager should participate in the effort making it successful with helping hands of the members or personnel of the hospital. 3. In order to make users participate in the hospital information system, it is prerequisite that all nurses in a hospital should voluntarily participate in the system 4. In order to reduce the expense, the time in coping with business per duty should be reduced by 10${\sim}$33.23%. The time of the direct nursing care which added value is relatively high should be elongated in order to elevate the quality of hospital services. 5. Since the introduction and spread of the hospital information system are influenced by the duration in the experience of computer use, the user of the hospital information system should have a plan to receive well-planned computer education. Finally it is suggested that the forecast of long-term productivity through a review of the user's expectation of the system should be inspected and tested through continuous studies of its effectiveness.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 2005

This work describes an 8b 240 MS/s CMOS ADC as one of embedded core cells for high-performance displays requiring low power and small size at high speed. The proposed ADC uses externally connected pins only for analog inputs, digital outputs, and supplies. The ADC employs (1) a two-step pipelined architecture to optimize power and chip size at the target sampling frequency of 240 MHz, (2) advanced bootstrapping techniques to achieve high signal bandwidth in the input SHA, and (3) RC filter-based on-chip I/V references to improve noise performance with a power-off function added for portable applications. The prototype ADC is implemented in a 0.18 um CMOS and simultaneously integrated in a DVD system with dual-mode inputs. The measured DNL and INL are within 0.49 LSB and 0.69 LSB, respectively. The prototype ADC shows the SFDR of 53 dB for a 10 MHz input sinewave at 240 MS/s while maintaining the SNDR exceeding 38 dB and the SFDR exceeding 50 dB for input frequencies up to the Nyquist frequency at 240 MS/s. The ADC consumes, 104 mW at 240 MS/s and the active die area is 1.36 ㎟.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.302-311
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine nursing organizational culture and resilience and their effects on quality of nursing service. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. A convenience sampling method was used to collect data from 199 participants who worked in a tertiary hospital in G city. Demographic and work related variables, quality of nursing service, resilience, and nursing organizational culture were measured using validated self-report questionnaires. Results: All of the participants were women and the majority were staff nurses and single. A statistically significant difference in quality of nursing service was found for age, marital status, educational level, clinical career, position and perceived health status. Age, educational level, clinical career, position, resilience, innovation-oriented culture, relation-oriented culture, and hierarchy-oriented culture were significant predictors of quality of nursing service, explaining 47% of total variance. Among the predictors, resilience was the strongest predictor, followed by innovation-oriented culture, and hierarchy-oriented culture. Conclusion: Findings indicate that quality of nursing service can be improved by raising individual nurse's resilience and advancing nursing organizational culture. Considering the identified factors, researchers and administrators need to develop and provide clinical nurses with a variety of programs to improve the quality of their nursing service.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.220-235
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate how clinical nutrition services is provided at a long term care hospital in Korea and to investigate job satisfaction levels of the clinical dietitians. Methods: Survey questionnaire was sent to dietitians working at a long term care hospital in Korea. The participating hospitals (n=240) were randomly selected from 1,180 long- term care hospitals using a stratified sampling method. A total of 134 long term care hospital s and 223 dietitians completed the survey of clinical nutrition service s and job satisfaction questionnaires The job satisfaction questionnaire included 27 job satisfaction questions on task, stability vision, working conditions, and relationship areas. Results: The average nutritional screening rate was 17.9% and the rate of computerized nutritional screening system was 9.7% in the participating hospitals. Nutritional intervention rate was only 3.2% of all patients. KOIHA (Korea Institute for Healthcare Accreditation) accreditated hospitals showed only 50% performance rate of nutrition service evaluation area. This shows that after achieving KOIHA accredition, many hospitals do not emphasize the performance of nutritional services. The job satisfaction scores in all four areas ranged from 2/5 to 3/5, implying generally low job satisfaction level in hospital dietitians. Linear regression analysis results showed that the "hospital adequacy grade" type was a significant predictor of job satisfaction level for two areas (working conditions & relationship). Conclusions: There is a need to provide proper standardized clinical nutrition services as a primary treatment and we observed large variations in the quality of nutritional service s in long term care hospitals. Therefore, government and local hospitals have to work on implementing nutritional programs and policies for improved service and care.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.155-167
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• 2015

This study aims to examine the knowledge level of culinary staff members regarding the restaurant country- oforigin labeling system by developing a scale to investigate and evaluate such knowledge levels. The empirical study targeted culinary staff members with over 7 years of experience in 10 luxury hotels in Seoul who were approached through the convenience sampling method, which was conducted for 14 days from November 14th to 27th, 2014. A total of 192 self-administered questionnaires were collected, of which 186 questionnaires(93%) were used for the final analysis. For investigation and analysis, a frequency analysis was carried out to look into population statistics and the level of knowledge using the SPSS 18.0 statistics program. One-way ANOVA and t-test were carried out to investigate differences in knowledge levels of restaurant country-of-origin labeling system with reference to academic background, job position, and hotel management type. As the result, the average correct answer rate of the culinary staff members for a total of 21 questions was 39.85% and there were no significant differences based on the academic background. However, the correct answer rate was higher for respondents that held high positions and had independently managed hotels, suggesting that knowledge varied depending on job position and management type. In conclusion, it is suggested that in order to improve the level of knowledge of the restaurant country-of-origin labeling system among culinary staff members there is a need to enhance training and continuous supervision to apply the knowledge to work in future. In addition to this, this study discussed the limits of the study and the orientation of further research.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.160-172
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• 1989

This research was done to clarify the factors related to sexual satifaction in women who have had a hysterectomy, and to idenify which factors had statistically significant influence of sexual satisfaction of the subjacts. The objective of this study was to identify the variables related to sexual adaptation which might be changed by nursing intervention. This was a cross-sectional descriptive correlation study. There were 230 subjects in the study, and they were selected by a convenient sampling method. The tool. for this study was developed by the researcher through modification of the Dergatis Sexual Function Inventory(DSFI). A pilot study was done to determine the necessary modifications. Data collection was done between Sept. 1987 and Du. 1987 using a mailed questionnaire. The characteristics of the subjects were as follows : The mean age of the subjects was 42.3 years and 204(87.4%) of the subjects had nine or more years of education. The mean income of the subjects was 85.8870 won / month, and 179(77%) of them were housewives. The mean number of pregnancies and children were 4.9 and 2.5 respectively. Oophorectomies were included in the surgery for 66(28.7%) of the subjects. Only 12(5.2%) were planning to have more children. Only 88(38.3%) of the subjects had received information prior to the surgery regarding health problems related to the operation and less than half, 111 (48.3%), had received this kind of information before discharge. Lay persons were the source of information about the post-operation status for 196 (85.2%) of the subjects, but the content of the information did not significantly influence the sexual satisfaction score. Only 16(7.0%) of the subjects said they regretted having a hysterctomy while 102(44.3%) said they were pleased to have had a hysterectomy. Ninety (39.1 %) of the subjects reported that their husbands had “stress” and 164(71.3%) of the subjects reported “stress”. The results of this study are summarized as follows : 1. The mean score for sexual satisfaction of the subjects was 34.24 with a possible maximum score of 50.00. Eighty two(35.8%) were responded that they were satisfied with their sexual life but 61 (26.5%) were responded that they were dissatisfied with their sexual life 2. The following 15 factors extracted from the results of the data analysis were significantly related to sexual satisfaction(p＜.05) ; support of husband, body image, emotion, knowledge of sex, menopausal symptoms, sexual behavior, the feelings the subjects had about the hysterectomy, stress for both subject and husband, the number of children, health information given before operation, job, age, level of education and income. The five most important factors influencing sexual satisfaction were identified by using stepwise multiple regression analysis. The most important factor was support of husband, which explained 17.83% of the total variance. The remaining factors in order of significance were : Knowledge of sex, income, job, and emotional status. Those five factors explained 35.16% of the sexual satisfaction. In conclusion, for the care of women who are going to be discharged from hospital after having had a hysterctomy, nurses have to work with the husbands to help them to understand the importance of their support. Nurses also need to make sure that the subjects have an adequeate knowledge of sexual life after a hysterectomy. Also nursing interventions should focus on subjects who do not have a job, who are of low economic status, and the subjects who are under the unpleasant mood.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.42-52
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• 2002

Two full-scale distribution systems, one treating water by ozonation and another treating water by nanofiltration in parallel with lime softening, were monitored for bacterial growth. Both systems kept disinfectant residuals surf as chlorine and chloramine in their respective distribution systems. Bacterial growth was assessed by heterotrophic plate counts (HPC) on R2A agar. In the distribution systems fed by ozonated water, HPCs were correlated ($R^2$= 0.97) using an exponential model with the assimilable organic carbon (AOC) at each sampling site. Also, it was observed that ozonation caused a significant increase in the AOC concentration of the distribution system (over 100％ increase) as well as a significant increase in the bacterial counts of the distribution system (average increase over 100％). The HPCs from the distribution systems fed by nanofiltration in parallel with lime-softening water also displayed an exponential correlation ($R^2$ = 0.75) with an exponential model based on AOC. No significant correlation was found between bacteria growth on R2A agar and BDOC concentrations. Therefore, in agreement with previous work, bacterial growth in the distribution systems was found to correlate with AOC concentrations.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.49-65
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• 2011

The survey method was used in this descriptive study. The purpose in this study was to investigate middle school home economics(HE) teachers' stages of concern, levels of use, and perception about career education, based on the Concerns Based Adoption Model(CBAM). Questionnaire was administrated to middle school HE teachers over the whole country except Jeju Island through mail or e-mail by systematic random sampling. 118 data collected from the responses were finally analyzed statistically with mean, standard deviation, frequencies, percentage, and independent-sample t-test by using SPSS/WIN 12.0 program. The results of the study were as follows: First, most-HE teachers were in stages of the personal concern (86.56) and the informational concern(85.42) about HE career education. Second, the highest number of teachers was in level of refinement(33.1%) use. Third, teachers recognized important goal of HE career education as 'understanding of diverse careers and formating of positive values and attitude about work'. Also they had generally conducted HE career education through 'Understanding Teenager' chapter of a first-year middle school. However they had struggled with difficulty such as lack of data, time, and expertise in conducting HE career education. Therefore, it is necessary that support such as development, supplies, and training opportunities of career education should be provided.