• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.96-101
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• 2016

Previous literature has been investigated various aspects of accident occurrence and prevention in construction field. However, those studied were limited in that they only focused on the death accident without considering the loss time accident. Based on this, the goal of current study was to investigate the nature of the loss time accident, and compare the results with the death accident. Results showed that 1) the occurrence rate of death accident was significantly higher in the form work, temporary work, and steel frame work; 2) the temporary work showed significantly higher occurrence rate of the loss time accident and the death accident as compared to others; 3) ratio of the loss time accident to the death accident in domestic construction field was 50:1; 4) fall accident showed biggest occurrence rate in both the loss time accident and the death accident; and 5) more that 80% of workers in both the loss time accident and the death accident was between 41 and 65 years old.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.96-102
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• 2017

The highest fatal accident ratio was recorded in the construction industry. According to the industrial insurance premium rate & business type example, among the construction industry, the architectural work has the highest fatal and loss time accident ratio. Previous literature has investigated various aspects of accident occurrence and prevention in architectural work. However, those studied were limited in that they only focused on the fatal accident without considering the loss time accident. But non fatal accidents were recorded more than 50 times of fatal accidents. Therefore non fatal accidents must be controlled to lessen industrial accidents. Based on this, the goal of this study was to investigate the nature of the loss time accident and derive the risk index of work type in architectural work. In this study, opinions of safety experts were gathered and the risk index of work type was derived using AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process). And verification was accomplished by comparing the results of this study with the risk index derived by analysis of accident records. Results showed that the risk index of work type was significantly higher in steel frame work, temporary installation work, earth & foundation work, facilities work, concrete work. And statistical analysis for verification showed that coefficient of Pearson correlation was 0.686 and P-value was 0.001.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.109-125
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• 2017

This study aimed to develop a parcel-unit soil loss estimation tool embedded in Excel worksheet, USLExls, required for the design of contaminated farmland restoration project and to analyze the impact of the project carried out soil-filling work on soil loss. USLE method was adopted for the estimation of average annual soil loss in a parcel unit, and each erosivity factor in the USLE equation was defined through the review of previous studies. USLExls was implemented to allow an engineer to try out different combinations just by selecting one among the popular formulas by each factor at a combo box and to simply update parameters by using look-up tables. This study applied it to the estimation of soil loss before and after soil-filling work at Dong-a project area. The average annual soil loss after the project increased by about 2.4 times than before on average, and about 60 % of 291 parcels shifted to worse classes under the classification criteria proposed by Kwak (2005). Although average farmland steepness was lower thanks to land grading work, the soil loss increased because the inappropriate texture of the cover soil induced the soil erosion factor K to increase from 0.33 before to 0.78 after the soil-filling work. The results showed that the selection of cover soil for soil-filling work should be carefully considered in terms soil loss control and the estimation of change in soil loss should be mandatory in planning a contaminated farmland restoration project.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.163-171
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• 2011

Purpose: This study is to investigate the job stress and presenteeism of nurses with work shift. Methods: The data were collected through questionnaires from 281 clinical nurses working for a university hospital located in D city from 13 to 28 of February, 2009. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe verification test, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression using SPSS/WIN 16.0. Results: The mean score of job stress was 3.47. Work overload and psychological burden scored the highest point as the sub-category of work stress factor. Work performance loss out of presenteeism showed 26.89 and perceived productivity, 79.79. Also 94.7% of respondents answered they had health problems. A significantly positive correlation was found among job stress, work performance loss and health issue. To determine the factors affecting presenteeism, work performance loss was associated with work overload and perceived productivity with interpersonal relationship conflict. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, job stress is positively correlated with work performance loss, and health problems. Therefore, health problems of nurses with work shift need to be considered and plans to manage their job stress affecting presenteeism need to be developed at an earlier stage.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.4 no.5
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• pp.27-42
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• 1981

The object of this paper is to Study the work measurement which is one of the principal technique in work study for the improvement of Productivity in the foundry industry. Most of domestic mechanical enterprise using the expensive foreign machinerise is inoufficient for the standardization of the operation method and time. Therefore, the improvement of operation and productivity through the introduction of the work measurement is an urgent task. Therefore, this paper is contribute to the improvement of operation and to reduce the loss time through the application of the work measurement based on the case study conducted at W-Foundry Corporation. The summary of this study is follows; 1. The measurement of operation efficiency can be accomplished by the standard time. 2. The detailed causes and counter-proposal of loss time can be established, 3. More than 50% of loss time is attributed to c/p.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.73-78
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• 2017

In this study, the risk level of architectural works was calculated by applying work period and number of input workers based on accidents records from 2012 to 2014 and the architectural works were divided into four groups(High-High, High-Low, Low-High, Low-Low) according to risk levels of fatal accidents and loss time accidents. And then questionnaire on the job stress level of workers was performed for 670 workers working in the architectural work using Korean Occupational Stress Questionnaire Form developed by KOSHA. And then the relationship between the risk level and job stress level of four groups was analyzed. Results showed that 1) risk levels of fatal and loss time accidents applied by work period and input workers were analyzed to be different with those of previous research based on the number of fatal and loss time accidents; 2) job stress level of workers has been analyzed to have a significant relationship with the risk level of fatal and loss time accident; 3) specially, the average of job stress level of 'HH(High-High)' group was higher than those of other groups; 4) among the subfactors of job stress, interpersonal conflict, job insecurity, organizational system and lack of reward were analyzed to be key factors to affect the risk level.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.88-94
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• 2012

Development trend of modern HSDI diesel engine is now focusing on low fuel consumption and emission because of strong interest in global environmental protection. Two big branches of criteria for modern diesel engine development are down sizing and down speeding. Down sizing keeps engine operation condition to the direction of higher load and thus pursuing for better thermal efficiency. But this may cause degraded vehicle dynamic performance because of reduced back up torque. Down speeding keeps engine operation condition to the direction of slightly higher load and lower engine speed. Therefore reduction of back up torque can be limited within flat torque area. This study analyzed fuel economy effect of down speeding on a vehicle powered by HSDI diesel engine in aspect of engine friction work, intake and exhaust pumping work, exhaust hat loss and thermal loss of fuel leakage of fuel injection system. Contribution factor of each engine and vehicle related parameters under basic and down speeding condition were compared and work balance of down speeding during NEDC was analyzed.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.135-140
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• 2022

Background: Coal mining is a hazardous industry. The purpose of the study is to identify the nature of occupational injuries and diseases among coal miners and to determine the factors that affect the rate of injury and duration of time loss from work. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using accepted workers' compensation claims data of 30,390 Australian coal miners between July 2003 and June 2017. Results: Musculoskeletal and fracture conditions accounted for approximately 60% of claims in all occupational groups. Cox regression analysis showed that older age and female gender were significant predictors of longer time off work. Injury types and occupations were associated with work time loss: mental health conditions, and machine operators and drivers had significantly longer durations of time off work. Conclusion: Future research can further address how these factors led to longer time off work so that coal industry regulators, employers, and healthcare providers can target interventions more effectively to these at-risk workers.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.41-51
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• 2019

With the aging of the population and the slowdown of the job market, elderly workers make up a large portion of the construction workforce. Also, due to the nature of the construction industry, where outdoor work is frequent, the weather has a more sensitive impact on elderly workers than on younger ones. The study aims to analyze the degree of weather risks exposed to elderly workers in the construction industry using the measure of work loss days. To that end, construction accidents that affected 28,514 elderly workers in seven cities from 2012 to 2016 (a total of 12,789 days) were analyzed to calculate work loss days per different weather factors. The results show that the elderly workers were seriously affected when the temperature was between $-12^{\circ}C$ and $-10^{\circ}C$, humidity between 55% and 60%, precipitation between 128mm and 181mm, and wind speed between 5.5m/s and 6.5m/s, with the highest work loss days. The combined effects between the weather factors were also analyzed to identify the conditiosn that leaded to high work loss days of elderly workers. This study contributes to effective safety management and pleasant working environment between weather factors and shedding light on the relationship between weather factors and work loss days of elderly workers.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.20-25
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• 2011

This work focuses on the behavior of the overpotential increase due to a utilization rise in a molten carbonate fuel cell. The behavior is generally explained by Nernst loss, which is a kind of voltage loss due to the thermodynamic potential gradients in a polarization state due to the concentration distribution of reactant species through the gas flow direction. The evaluation of Nernst loss is carried out with a traditional experimental method of constant gas utilization (CU). On the other hand, overpotential due to the gas-phase mass-transport resistance at the anode and cathode shows dependence on the utilization, which can be measured using the inert gas step addition (ISA) method. Since the Nernst loss is assumed to be due to the thermodynamic reasons, the voltage loss can be calculated by the Nernst equation, referred to as a simple calculation (SC) in this work. The three values of voltage loss due to CU, ISA, and SC are compared, showing that these values rise with increases in the utilization within acceptable deviations. When we consider that the anode and cathode reactions are significantly affected by the gas-phase mass transfer, the behavior strongly implies that the voltage loss is attributable not to thermodynamic reasons, namely Nernst loss, but to the kinetic reason of mass-transfer resistance in the gas phase.