• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.11-17
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• 2015

In the general transmission power control model that is used for wearable sensor systems, if RSSI value gets out of the Target RSSI Margin, then the sink node finds new transmission power by using TPC(Transmission Power Control) Algorithm. At this time, the sink node sends the control packet to the sensor node for delivering the newly calculated transmission power. However, when the wireless network channel condition is poor, even it is consuming a lot of control packets, the sink node could not find an appropriate transmission power so it only waste of energy. Therefore, we proposed a new control packet transmission decision method that the sink node changes the transmission power when the wireless network channel condition is stabilized. It makes waste of energy decline. In this paper, we apply control packet transmission decision method to Binary TPC algorithms and analyze the results to evaluate the proposed method. We propose three methods that judge the state of wireless network channel. We experiment that methods and analysis the results.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.717-721
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• 2010

In general, wireless MAC uses the ACK for reliability. Meanwhile, in wireless sensor network, data is delivered periodically and redundantly. In these situations, every ACK transmission causes the reliability flexible applications to waste some energy. IEEE 802.15.4 developed for energy efficiency has the option of using ACK or not, but there are no researches exploiting this peculiarity. In this paper, we proposed the selective unacknowledged transmission satisfying some requirements (e.g., end-to-end delivery) by removing the ACK when frames are delivered well and using the ACK when frames are delivered poorly. Also, we performed several evaluations exploiting the NS2 simulator.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.358-365
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• 2010

We develop a low complexity cooperative diversity protocol for low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) based wireless sensor networks. A cross layer approach is used to obtain spatial diversity in the physical layer. In this paper, a simple modification in clustering algorithm of the LEACH protocol is proposed to exploit virtual multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) based user cooperation. In lieu of selecting a single cluster-head at network layer, we proposed M cluster-heads in each cluster to obtain a diversity order of M in long distance communication. Due to the broadcast nature of wireless transmission, cluster-heads are able to receive data from sensor nodes at the same time. This fact ensures the synchronization required to implement a virtual MIMO based space time block code (STBC) in cluster-head to sink node transmission. An analytical method to evaluate the energy consumption based on BER curve is presented. Analysis and simulation results show that proposed cooperative LEACH protocol can save a huge amount of energy over LEACH protocol with same data rate, bit error rate, delay and bandwidth requirements. Moreover, this proposal can achieve higher order diversity with improved spectral efficiency compared to other virtual MIMO based protocols.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.794-802
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• 2017

In this paper, a wireless powered communication network (WPCN) consisting of a hybrid access point (H-AP) and multiple user equipment (UE), all of which operate in full-duplex (FD), is described. We first propose a transceiver structure that enables FD operation of each UE to simultaneously receive energy in the downlink (DL) and transmit information in the uplink (UL). We then provide an energy usage model in the proposed UE transceiver that accounts for the energy leakage from the transmit chain to the receive chain. It is shown that the throughput of an FD WPCN using the proposed FD UE (FD-WPCN-FD) can be maximized by optimal allocation of the UL transmission time to the UE by solving a convex optimization problem. Simulation results reveal that the use of the proposed FD UE efficiently improves the throughput of a WPCN with a practical self-interference cancellation capability at the H-AP. Compared to the WPCN with FD H-AP and half-duplex (HD) UE, FD-WPCN-FD achieved an 18% throughput gain. In addition, the throughput of FD-WPCN-FD was shown to be 25% greater than that of WPCN in which an H-AP and UE operated in HD.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.2399-2418
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• 2023

The paper focuses on investigating secure transmission in wireless powered communication networks (WPCN) that involve multiple energy-constrained relays and one energy-constrained source. The energy is harvested from a power beacon (PB) while operating in the presence of a passive eavesdropper. The study primarily aims to achieve energy-efficient secure communications by examining the impact of channel estimation on the secrecy performance of WPCN under both perfect and imperfect CSI scenarios. To obtain practical insights on improving security and energy efficiency, we propose closed-form expressions for secrecy outage probability (SOP) under the linear energy harvesting (LEH) model of WPCN. Furthermore, we suggest a search method to optimize the secure energy efficiency (SEE) with limited power from PB. The research emphasizes the significance of channel estimation in maintaining the desired performance levels in WPCN in real-world applications. The theoretical results are validated through simulations to ensure their accuracy and reliability.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.340-350
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• 2016

The performance of large-scale cognitive radio (CR) networks with secondary users sustained by opportunistically harvesting radio-frequency (RF) energy from nearby primary transmissions is investigated. Using an advanced RF energy harvester, a secondary user is assumed to be able to collect ambient primary RF energy as long as it lies inside the harvesting zone of an active primary transmitter (PT). A variable power (VP) transmission mode is proposed, and an energy-based opportunistic spectrum access (OSA) strategy is considered, under which a secondary transmitter (ST) is allowed to transmit only if its harvested energy is larger than a predefined transmission threshold and it is outside the guard zones of all active PTs. The transmission probability of the STs is derived. The outage probabilities and the throughputs of the primary and the secondary networks, respectively, are characterized. Compared with prior work, the throughput can be increased by as much as 29%. The energy-based OSA strategy can be generally applied to a non-CR setup, where distributed power beacons (PBs) are deployed to power coexisting wireless signal transmitters (WSTs) in a wireless powered sensor network.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.89-94
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• 2018

This paper investigated the design method of the smart sensor for implementing IoT (Internet of Things) service. The power supply of sensor consistently acquisting data is based on the energy harvesting technology and designed with piezoelectric transducer not affected by surrounding circumstances. The wireless communication interface for the transmission of data is designed with BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy). BLE is highly adequate wireless communication technology for low power consumption and short distance wireless communication. The main application of BLE is beacon whose usage range is extended from O2O (Online to Offline) service, navigator based on indoor positioning technology, and anti-theft/lost child prevention service to mobile game. This paper studied the method to extend wireless coverage for complementing the short wireless transmission distance of BLE. The wireless sensor network based on CATV network is proposed for the easy construction of BLE sensor network and extended wireless coverage.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.846-849
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• 2018

Wireless power transfer (WPT) is the technology that enables the power to transmit electromagnetic field to an electrical load without the use of wires. There are two kinds of magnetic resonant coupling and inductive coupling ways transmitting from the source to the output load. Compared with microwave method for energy transfer over a long distance, the magnetic resonance method has the advantages of reducing the barrier of electromagnetic wave and enhancing the efficiency of power transmission. In this paper, the wireless power transfer circuit having a resonant frequency of 13.45 MHz for the low power system is studied, and the hardware implementation is accomplished to measure the power transmission efficiency for the distance between the transmitter and the receiver.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.43-50
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• 2008

In IEEE 802.11b wireless LAN, stations keep synchronization by receiving beacons being periodically sent by the AP (access point) when they run in low power mode. Beacon transmission is delayed if wireless channel is busy at a scheduled TBTT (target beacon transmission time), and stations must be awake until they receive the delayed beacon. In this paper, we propose a scheme that stations get their transmission delayed if they have little time for successful data transmission by the next TBTT. Beacon transmission without delay is guaranteed at every TBTT with this method so that the awake time of low power stations to receive beacon can be reduced. The proposed method is simulated and its characteristics ore described with the analysis of the results. The measured results in terms of beacon delay show some enhancement in energy consumption.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.37B no.9
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• pp.767-777
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• 2012

Topology control increases channel efficiency by controlling transmission power of a node, and as a result, network lifetime and throughput are increased. However, reducing transmission range causes a network connectivity problem, especially in mobile networks. When a network loses connectivity, the network topology should be re-configured. However, topology re-configuration consumes lots of energy because every node need to collect neighbor information. As a result, network lifetime may decrease, even though topology control is being used to prolong the network lifetime. Therefore, network connectivity time needs to be increased to expend network lifetime in mobile networks. In this paper, we propose an Adaptive-Redundant Transmission Range (A-RTR) algorithm to address this need. A-RTR uses a redundant transmission range considering a node status and flexibly changes a node's transmission range after a topology control is performed.